Jacques Feyder: …box-office success, but it was Crainquebille (1922), from Anatole France’s novel of daily Parisian life, that established his reputation as a director. He became a naturalized French citizen in 1928.

Craiova, city, capital of Dolj județ (county), southwestern Romania. It is situated near the Jiu River, 115 miles (185 km) west of Bucharest. Settlement there is of long standing. Close to the city archaeologists have discovered the remains of a Roman fortress built under Trajan. From the late 15th

20th-century international relations: The Eastern front: The Treaty of Craiova (August 21) awarded the Southern Dobruja to Bulgaria, and the so-called Vienna Award by Hitler and Mussolini ceded northern Transylvania to Hungary. Romania’s King Carol II abdicated in protest, General Ion Antonescu took power, and a German military mission arrived in Bucharest…

crake, any of numerous marsh birds of the family Rallidae (order Gruiformes), generally any small rail in which the bill is short and conical. The name is chiefly European but can be extended to New World rails of this type. The most widespread genus is Porzana (13 species), typified by the spotted

crakow, long, pointed, spiked shoe worn by both men and women first in the mid-14th century and then condemned by law. Crakows were named after the city of Kraków (Cracow), Pol., and they were also known as poulaines (Polish). Crakows were admired on the feet of the courtiers of Anne of Bohemia,

Donald J. Cram was an American chemist who, along with Charles J. Pedersen and Jean-Marie Lehn, was awarded the 1987 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his creation of molecules that mimic the chemical behaviour of molecules found in living systems. Cram was educated at Rollins College in Winter Park,

Donald J. Cram was an American chemist who, along with Charles J. Pedersen and Jean-Marie Lehn, was awarded the 1987 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his creation of molecules that mimic the chemical behaviour of molecules found in living systems. Cram was educated at Rollins College in Winter Park,

Donald J. Cram was an American chemist who, along with Charles J. Pedersen and Jean-Marie Lehn, was awarded the 1987 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his creation of molecules that mimic the chemical behaviour of molecules found in living systems. Cram was educated at Rollins College in Winter Park,

Ralph Adams Cram was an architect and writer, and the foremost Gothic revival architect in the United States. Inspired by the influential English critic John Ruskin, Cram became an ardent advocate of and authority on English and French Gothic styles. In 1888 he opened an architectural firm in

sea kale, (Crambe maritima), perennial plant in the mustard family (Brassicaceae). Native to seashores and cliffs of Eurasia, sea kale can tolerate salty soils and is sometimes cultivated for its edible leaves and shoots. Young or blanched leaves are cooked and eaten like kale or spinach, and the

lepidopteran: Annotated classification: Family Crambidae (webworms) Approximately 11,600 species worldwide; small, often abundant moths, many larvae producing silk webbing in feeding sites; subfamily Crambinae contains almost 1,900 species, larvae feeding mainly on roots, grasses, or mosses on the ground or boring into stems of grasses, sedges, or rushes; subfamily Pyraustinae…

crambo, a game in which one player gave a word or line of verse to be matched in rhyme by other players. Thus, one said, “I know a word that rhymes with bird.” A second asked, “Is it ridiculous?” “No, it is not absurd.” “Is it a part of speech?” “No, it is not a word.” This proceeded until the

Cramer’s rule, in linear and multilinear algebra, procedure for solving systems of simultaneous linear equations by means of determinants (see also determinant; linear equation). Although Cramer’s rule is not an effective method for solving systems of linear equations in more than three variables,

Jim Cramer is an American television personality known for his investment advice show Mad Money (2005– ). Cramer first became interested in the stock market as a child; he memorized corporate stock symbols and organized an imaginary portfolio. In 1977 he graduated from Harvard University, where he

Jim Cramer is an American television personality known for his investment advice show Mad Money (2005– ). Cramer first became interested in the stock market as a child; he memorized corporate stock symbols and organized an imaginary portfolio. In 1977 he graduated from Harvard University, where he

Johann Baptist Cramer was one of the leading pianists of the period of transition from Classicism to Romanticism, a composer, and the founder (1824) of the London music publishing firm Cramer & Company. Cramer was taken to England in 1772 by his father. His piano teachers included the noted pianist

Cramlington, town (parish), unitary authority and historic county of Northumberland, northern England. It lies north-northeast of Newcastle upon Tyne on the northern edge of the Tyne and Wear metropolitan county. Cramlington is a new town developed to provide alternative diversified employment in a

cramp, painful, involuntary, and sustained contraction of muscle, most common in the limbs but also affecting certain internal organs. Examples of cramping include menstrual cramps and spasms of the circular muscles of the bowel (irritable colon), blood vessels (vasospasm), and pylorus of the

electric ray, any of the rays of the families Torpedinidae, Narkidae, Narcinidae, and Hypnidae, named for their ability to produce electrical shocks. They are found worldwide in warm and temperate waters. There are numerous species of electric ray; most inhabit shallow water, but some (Benthobatis)

mountaineering: Techniques: Crampons (sets of spikes that can be strapped on boot soles) are intended to preclude slipping and are useful on steep slopes of snow and ice and in steps that have been cut. By biting into the surface, they make progress possible where boots alone…

Alex Chilton: …of punk and rockabilly) group the Cramps. Chilton’s solo albums, which included Like Flies on Sherbert (1979) and High Priest (1987), met with mixed reviews, and the legacy of Big Star overshadowed much of his work throughout the 1980s and 1990s. Chilton seemed to embrace this fact, and he sometimes…

Antarctica: Post-IGY research: …New Zealand of a new Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resource Activities (CRAMRA), also known as the Wellington Convention, by the representatives of 33 nations. The consultative parties designed CRAMRA to manage the exploitation and development of Antarctica’s nonrenewable resources, a subject not covered under the original 1959…

Lucas Cranach, the Elder was a leading painter of Saxony, and one of the most important and influential artists in 16th-century German art. Among his vast output of paintings and woodcuts, the most important are altarpieces, court portraits and portraits of the Protestant Reformers, and innumerable

Lucas Cranach, the Elder: Paintings: …also used by his son Lucas the Younger, until the latter’s death in 1586. This gave rise to many problems of attribution that still remain unsolved. The fact that so few works bear any date further complicates the establishment of a Cranach chronology.

typography: The private-press movement: …the German presses was the Cranach, conducted at Weimar by Count Harry Kessler. It produced editions of the classics and of German and English literature illustrated by artists such as Aristide Maillol, Eric Gill, and Gordon Craig and printed with types by Emery Walker and Edward Johnston on paper made…

cranberry, any of several small creeping or trailing plants of the genus Vaccinium (family Ericaceae) and their tart edible red fruits. In regions where they are grown, cranberries are a popular pie filling, their juice is widely marketed as a beverage, and in sauce and relish form cranberries are

North Dorset: …of the chalk downs (Cranborne Chase) was formerly part of a royal hunting preserve; much mixed deciduous forest remains in this area. The largest agricultural centres of the district, Shaftesbury and Blandford Forum, are both old towns (“parishes”) and were important button-manufacturing towns prior to the 19th century. Blandford…

Robert Cecil, 1st earl of Salisbury was an English statesman who succeeded his father, William Cecil, Lord Burghley, as Queen Elizabeth I’s chief minister in 1598 and skillfully directed the government during the first nine years of the reign of King James I. Cecil gave continuity to the change

Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd marquess of Salisbury was a Conservative political leader who was a three-time prime minister (1885–86, 1886–92, 1895–1902) and four-time foreign secretary (1878, 1885–86, 1886–92, 1895–1900), who presided over a wide expansion of Great Britain’s colonial

Cranbrook, city, southeastern corner of British Columbia, Canada. It lies in the Kootenay River valley on the western edge of the Rocky Mountain Trench. The region was first settled about 1863 by gold prospectors. Cranbrook was probably named for a town near the farm home in Kent, England, of one

Cranbrook Academy of Art, private, coeducational institution of higher learning in Bloomfield Hills, Mich., U.S. The school and its associated museum were designed largely by Finnish American architect Eliel Saarinen. Cranbrook Academy of Art is devoted solely to graduate study in the arts,

Bloomfield Hills: The Cranbrook Foundation was established in 1927 by Ellen Scripps Booth and George G. Booth (president of the Detroit News) on their 300-acre (121-hectare) estate. Now known as Cranbrook Educational Community, it includes the Cranbrook Academy of Art, the Cranbrook Art Museum, the Cranbrook Institute of…

Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st earl of Cranbrook was an English Conservative politician who was a strong proponent of British intervention in the Russo-Turkish conflict of 1877–78. Called to the bar in 1840, Hardy entered Parliament in 1856, earning a reputation as a skilled debater and a staunch

Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st earl of Cranbrook was an English Conservative politician who was a strong proponent of British intervention in the Russo-Turkish conflict of 1877–78. Called to the bar in 1840, Hardy entered Parliament in 1856, earning a reputation as a skilled debater and a staunch

Marcel Carné was a motion-picture director noted for the poetic realism of his pessimistic dramas. He led the French cinema revival of the late 1930s. After holding various jobs, Carné joined the director Jacques Feyder as an assistant in 1928, and he also assisted René Clair on the popular comedy

cephalopod: Locomotion: …oceanic squids, such as some cranchiids, concentrate ions lighter than seawater in the body chamber, while others, such as Bathyteuthis, concentrate buoyant oil in the chambers associated with the digestive gland.

cephalopod: Locomotion: …oceanic squids, such as some cranchiids, concentrate ions lighter than seawater in the body chamber, while others, such as Bathyteuthis, concentrate buoyant oil in the chambers associated with the digestive gland.

Prudence Crandall was an American schoolteacher whose attempt to educate African American girls aroused controversy in the 1830s. Crandall grew up in a Quaker household and was educated at the New England Friends’ Boarding School in Providence, Rhode Island. After a brief period of teaching school,

crane, any of 15 species of tall wading birds of the family Gruidae (order Gruiformes). Superficially, cranes resemble herons but usually are larger and have a partly naked head, a heavier bill, more compact plumage, and an elevated hind toe. In flight the long neck is stretched out in front, the

crane, any of a diverse group of machines that not only lift heavy objects but also shift them horizontally. Cranes are distinct from hoists, passenger elevators, and other devices intended solely or primarily for vertical lifting and from conveyors, which continuously lift or carry bulk materials

bird-of-paradise flower, (Strelitzia reginae), ornamental plant of the family Strelitziaceae native to South Africa. The plant is grown outdoors in warm climates and as a houseplant for its attractive foliage and unusual flowers. It is named for its resemblance to the showy forest birds known as

crane fly, any insect of the family Tipulidae (order Diptera). Crane flies have a slender mosquito-like body and extremely long legs. Ranging in size from tiny to almost 3 cm (1.2 inches) long, these harmless slow-flying insects are usually found around water or among abundant vegetation. The

hawk: …hawk (Polyboroides typus) and the crane hawk (Geranospiza nigra) of tropical America are medium-sized gray birds resembling the harriers but having short broad wings.

H.H. Richardson: The Crane Memorial Library in Quincy, Massachusetts (1880–82), with its tripartite layering of a rough-faced granite base beneath continuous clerestory windows topped with a tiled gable roof and its cavernous entrance arch, stands with the finest and most characteristic works of his maturity. Richardson’s Romanesque style…

spring balance: …hooks and are known as crane scales. Smaller units for household use are called fish scales.

crane: …small movable crane is the truck crane, which is a crane mounted on a heavy, modified truck. Such cranes frequently use unsupported telescoping booms; these are made up of collapsible sections that can be extended outward like the sections of an old nautical telescope or spyglass. The extension of the…

The Decemberists: …group’s first album with Capitol, The Crane Wife (2006), assuaged those fears. It featured elegant ballads about a man falling in love with and marrying a wounded crane that temporarily takes the form of a woman, alongside sprawling progressive-rock-infused jams, and was atop many critics’ lists of the year’s best…

Caroline Julia Bartlett Crane was an American minister who, after a productive career in Christian social service, undertook a second successful profession in urban sanitation. Caroline Bartlett grew up in Hudson, Wisconsin, and in Hamilton, Illinois. She graduated from Carthage College in nearby

Activision Blizzard, Inc.: The history of Activision: …was founded in 1979 by David Crane and Alan Miller—game designers who split with Atari over issues of creator’s rights—and entertainment executive Jim Levy. Their response was to create a company where designers would be an essential part of the brand identity, with the lead developer of a given title…

Hart Crane was an American poet who celebrated the richness of life—including the life of the industrial age—in lyrics of visionary intensity. His most noted work, The Bridge (1930), was an attempt to create an epic myth of the American experience. As a coherent epic it has been deemed a failure,

Hart Crane was an American poet who celebrated the richness of life—including the life of the industrial age—in lyrics of visionary intensity. His most noted work, The Bridge (1930), was an attempt to create an epic myth of the American experience. As a coherent epic it has been deemed a failure,

Ichabod Crane, fictional character, a lanky and unattractive schoolmaster who is the protagonist of Washington Irving’s short story “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow.” Ichabod Crane is quite poor, and his main interest is self-advancement. He attempts to further his cause by impressing the daughters of

R.S. Crane was an American literary critic who was a leading figure of the Neo-Aristotelian Chicago school. His landmark book, The Languages of Criticism and the Structure of Poetry (1953), formed the theoretical basis of the group. Although Crane was an outspoken opponent of the New Criticism, he

R.S. Crane was an American literary critic who was a leading figure of the Neo-Aristotelian Chicago school. His landmark book, The Languages of Criticism and the Structure of Poetry (1953), formed the theoretical basis of the group. Although Crane was an outspoken opponent of the New Criticism, he

Stephen Crane was an American novelist, poet, and short-story writer, best known for his novels Maggie: A Girl of the Streets (1893) and The Red Badge of Courage (1895) and the short stories “The Open Boat,” “The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky,” and “The Blue Hotel.” Stephen’s father, Jonathan Crane,

Walter Crane was an English illustrator, painter, and designer primarily known for his imaginative illustrations of children’s books. He was the son of the portrait painter and miniaturist Thomas Crane (1808–59), and he served as an apprentice (1859–62) to the wood engraver W.J. Linton in London,

Solange: A Seat at the Table: …Touch My Hair” and “Cranes in the Sky” both charted on the Billboard Hot 100, at 91 and 74, respectively. The latter won best R&B performance at the 59th Annual Grammy Awards.

geranium, (genus Geranium), any of a group of about 300 species of perennial herbs or shrubs in the family Geraniaceae, native mostly to subtropical southern Africa. Geraniums are among the most popular of bedding and greenhouse plants. The closely related genus Pelargonium contains some 280

Cranford, township (town), Union county, northeastern New Jersey, U.S. It lies along the Rahway River, immediately west of Elizabeth. The first permanent settler, John Denman, arrived about 1699, and the Denman Homestead (1720) is marked by a plaque. A bronze tablet identifies Crane’s Ford, where,

Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell: … where her next major work, Cranford (1853), appeared. This social history of a gentler era, which describes, without sentimentalizing or satirizing, her girlhood village of Knutsford and the efforts of its shabby-genteel inhabitants to keep up appearances, has remained her most popular work.

Cranford, township (town), Union county, northeastern New Jersey, U.S. It lies along the Rahway River, immediately west of Elizabeth. The first permanent settler, John Denman, arrived about 1699, and the Denman Homestead (1720) is marked by a plaque. A bronze tablet identifies Crane’s Ford, where,

shrimp: The common European shrimp, or sand shrimp, Crangon vulgaris (Crago septemspinosus), occurs in coastal waters on both sides of the North Atlantic and grows to about 8 cm (3 inches); it is gray or dark brown with brown or reddish spots. The shrimp Peneus setiferus feeds on small plants and…

connective tissue disease: Necrotizing vasculitides: Giant-cell or temporal arteritis occurs chiefly in older people and is manifested by severe temporal or occipital headaches (in the temples or at the back of the head), mental disturbances, visual difficulties, fever, anemia, aching pains and weakness in the muscles of the shoulder and pelvic girdles…

cephalic index, the percentage of breadth to length in any skull. The index is calculated from measurement of the diameters of the skull. The length of the skull is the distance from the glabella (the midpoint between the brows) and the most projecting point at the back of the head. The breadth of

cranial nerve, in vertebrates, any of the paired nerves of the peripheral nervous system that connect the muscles and sense organs of the head and thoracic region directly to the brain. In higher vertebrates (reptiles, birds, mammals) there are 12 pairs of cranial nerves: olfactory (CN I), optic

human nervous system: Accessory nerve (CN XI or 11): …medulla oblongata (known as the cranial root) and by fibers from cervical levels C1–C4 (known as the spinal root). The cranial root originates from the nucleus ambiguus and exits the medulla below the vagus nerve. Its fibers join the vagus and distribute to some muscles of the pharynx and larynx…

William W. Howells: His authoritative Cranial Variation in Man: A Study by Multivariate Analysis of Patterns of Difference Among Recent Human Populations (1973) compared skull measurements from 17 distinct world populations and revealed that present-day humans are of one species. He also conducted extensive research on the peoples of Oceania.…

vertebrate, any animal of the subphylum Vertebrata, the predominant subphylum of the phylum Chordata. They have backbones, from which they derive their name. The vertebrates are also characterized by a muscular system consisting primarily of bilaterally paired masses and a central nervous system

plastic surgery: Craniofacial surgery: Congenital and traumatic defects of the head and neck region fall under the scope of plastic surgery. Cleft lip and cleft palate deformities, premature fusion of skull elements, and persistent clefts in the facial skeleton require complex soft tissue and bone rearrangement. The…

Paul Broca: …the comparative study of the craniums of the so-called races of mankind. Following precedents set by Samuel Morton in the United States, Broca developed numerous techniques to study the form, structure, and topography of the brain and skull in order to identify and differentiate human races. As a polygenist who…

craniopharyngioma, benign brain tumour arising from the pituitary gland. Although most common in children, it can occur at any age. As it grows, the tumour may compress the optic nerve and other nearby structures, causing loss of vision, headaches, vomiting, behavioral changes, endocrine disorders,

parasympathetic nervous system, division of the nervous system that primarily modulates visceral organs such as glands. The parasympathetic system is one of two antagonistic sets of nerves of the autonomic nervous system; the other set comprises the sympathetic nervous system. While providing

craniosynostosis, any of several types of cranial deformity—sometimes accompanied by other abnormalities—that result from the premature union of the skull vault bones. Craniosynostosis is twice as frequent in males than in females and is most often sporadic, although the defect may be familial.

craniosynostosis, any of several types of cranial deformity—sometimes accompanied by other abnormalities—that result from the premature union of the skull vault bones. Craniosynostosis is twice as frequent in males than in females and is most often sporadic, although the defect may be familial.

cephalopod: Form and function: …and nautiloids, it constitutes a cranium. Various other skeletal supports are found at the base of the fins and in the “neck,” gills, and arms.

Jason Statham: Acting career: …Wahlberg and Charlize Theron, and Crank (2006), in which he was cast as an assassin; he reprised the latter role in Crank: High Voltage (2009). He shifted gears with War (2007), playing an FBI agent searching for a contract killer (Jet Li). Also popular was The Bank Job (2008). In…

methamphetamine, potent and addictive synthetic stimulant drug that affects the central nervous system (the spinal cord and brain). Methamphetamine is prescribed for the treatment of certain medical conditions, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, and obesity. In

crank, in mechanics, arm secured at right angle to a shaft with which it can rotate or oscillate. Next to the wheel, the crank is the most important motion-transmitting device, since, with the connecting rod, it provides means for converting linear to rotary motion, and vice versa. There are many

gasoline engine: Connecting rod and crankshaft: …rods that operate on each crank throw to be side by side. Some larger engines employ fork-and-blade rods with the rods in the same plane and cylinders exactly opposite each other.

gasoline engine: Two-stroke cycle: …(introduced in 1891) by using crankcase compression to pump the fresh charge into the cylinder. Instead of intake ports extending entirely around the lower cylinder wall, this engine has intake ports only halfway around; a second set of ports starts a little higher in the cylinder wall in the other…

John Cranko was a dancer, choreographer, and ballet director best known for his work with the Stuttgart Ballet. His basic dance training was at the Cape Town University Ballet School, where he performed as well as choreographed his first ballet, The Soldier’s Tale (1942). In 1946 he joined the

gasoline engine: Connecting rod and crankshaft: A forged-steel connecting rod connects the piston to a throw (offset portion) of the crankshaft and converts the reciprocating motion of the piston to the rotating motion of the crank. The lower, larger end of the rod is bored to take a precision bearing…

Henry VIII: …over the king by accusing Thomas Cranmer, Henry’s loyal archbishop of Canterbury, of heresy. The king is no longer so easily manipulated, however, and Cranmer reveals to the plotters a ring he holds as a mark of the king’s favour. Henry further asks Cranmer to baptize his newborn daughter, and…

Thomas Cranmer was the first Protestant archbishop of Canterbury (1533–56), adviser to the English kings Henry VIII and Edward VI. As archbishop, he put the English Bible in parish churches, drew up the Book of Common Prayer, and composed a litany that remains in use today. Denounced by the

crannog, in Scotland and Ireland, artificially constructed sites for houses or settlements; they were made of timber, sometimes of stone, and were usually constructed on islets or in the shallows of a lake. They were usually fortified by single or double stockaded defenses. Crannogs ranged in time

Lamian War: …Athenians were defeated at the Battle of Crannon (September 322) and surrendered unconditionally. Abandoning Alexander’s liberal policy, Antipater forced Athens to accept an oligarchical government—with a property requirement for voting that reduced the voting population by two-thirds—and had Hyperides and Demosthenes, leaders of the anti-Macedonian party, sentenced to death.

Switzerland: Rural communities: …beauty, and others, such as Crans-Montana on the slopes above the Rhône valley in Valais canton and Wengen in the Berner Oberland, have developed into famous resorts. Places such as Bad Ragaz in the Rhine valley and Leukerbad in Valais canton are noted as spas. Valley forks, where the traffic…

Cranston, city, Providence county, central Rhode Island, U.S. It lies on the western shore of Narragansett Bay and adjoins Providence city. The first settlement was made on the Pawtuxet River in 1638 by William Arnold, an ancestor of Benedict Arnold and a compatriot of Roger Williams, founder of

Bryan Cranston is an American actor best known for his intense portrayal of Walter White, a chemistry teacher turned drug kingpin, in the television series Breaking Bad (2008–13). Cranston was raised around show business by parents who were both struggling actors. He was cast in one of his father’s

Bryan Cranston is an American actor best known for his intense portrayal of Walter White, a chemistry teacher turned drug kingpin, in the television series Breaking Bad (2008–13). Cranston was raised around show business by parents who were both struggling actors. He was cast in one of his father’s

figure skating: Ice shows: …skaters such as John Curry, Toller Cranston, and Robin Cousins pushed the creative boundaries of what constituted figure-skating entertainment. Many of their productions were put on in theatres. Cousins especially has distinguished himself in a variety of fields, starring in and producing Broadway-style musical ice shows in his home country…

figure skating: Ice shows: …skaters such as John Curry, Toller Cranston, and Robin Cousins pushed the creative boundaries of what constituted figure-skating entertainment. Many of their productions were put on in theatres. Cousins especially has distinguished himself in a variety of fields, starring in and producing Broadway-style musical ice shows in his home country…

Crantor was a Greek academic philosopher whose work On Grief created a new literary genre, the consolation, which was offered on the occasion of a misfortune such as death. One of Crantor’s consolatory arguments, reminiscent of Plato’s Phaedo or Aristotle’s Eudemus, was that life is actually

crape myrtle, Shrub (Lagerstroemia indica) of the loosestrife family, native to China and other tropical and subtropical countries and widely grown in warm regions for its flowers. About 25 varieties are cultivated, known primarily by the color of their clustered flowers, which range from white to

Mike Crapo is an American politician who was elected as a Republican to the U.S. Senate in 1998 and began representing Idaho the following year. He previously served in the U.S. House of Representatives (1993–99). Crapo grew up in Idaho, and he later attended Brigham Young University. After

Mike Crapo is an American politician who was elected as a Republican to the U.S. Senate in 1998 and began representing Idaho the following year. He previously served in the U.S. House of Representatives (1993–99). Crapo grew up in Idaho, and he later attended Brigham Young University. After

crappie, either of two freshwater North American fishes of the genus Pomoxis, family Centrarchidae (order Perciformes). Crappies are rather deep-bodied fishes that are popular as food and are prized by sport fishermen. They are native to the eastern United States but have been introduced elsewhere.

craps, dice game, possibly the world’s most common gambling game with dice. The version known as bank craps, casino craps, or Las Vegas–style craps is played in virtually all American casinos and also in some British, Australian, and Asian casinos and gambling houses. A special table and layout are

Adelaide Crapsey was an American poet whose work, produced largely in the last year of her life, is perhaps most memorable for the disciplined yet fragile verse form she created, the cinquain. Crapsey grew up in Rochester, New York. She was the daughter of the Reverend Algernon Sidney Crapsey, an

bat: Annotated classification: Family Craseonycteridae (hog-nosed, or bumblebee, bat) 1 tiny species of Thailand, Craseonycteris thonglongyai, perhaps the smallest living mammal. Family Myzopodidae (Old World sucker-footed bat) 1 species in 1 genus (Myzopoda) endemic to Madagascar. Small, plain muzzle; large ears with peculiar mushroom-shaped lobe. Thumb and