Human Geography, LUG-MIX
Since 1945 human geography has contained five main divisions. The first four—economic, social, cultural, and political—reflect both the main areas of contemporary life and the social science disciplines with which geographers interact (i.e., economics, sociology, anthropology, and political science and international relations, respectively); the fifth is historical geography.
Human Geography Encyclopedia Articles By Title
Lugbara, people living mainly in northwestern Uganda and the adjoining area of Congo (Kinshasa). They speak a Central......
Luguru, a Bantu-speaking people of the hills, Uluguru Mountains, and coastal plains of east-central Tanzania. The......
Luhya, ethnolinguistic cluster of several acephalous, closely related Bantu-speaking peoples including the Bukusu,......
Luiseño, North American Indians who spoke a Uto-Aztecan language and inhabited a region extending from what is......
Lullubi, ancient group of tribes that inhabited the Sherizor plain in the Zagros Mountains of western Iran. A warlike......
Lunda, any of several Bantu-speaking peoples scattered over wide areas of the southeastern part of Congo (Kinshasa),......
Luo, people living among several Bantu-speaking peoples in the flat country near Lake Victoria in western Kenya......
Lur, any member of a mountain Shīʿite Muslim people of western Iran numbering more than two million. The Lurs live......
Lusitani, an Iberian people living in what is now Portugal who resisted Roman penetration in the 2nd century bc.......
Albert John Luthuli was a Zulu chief, teacher and religious leader, and president of the African National Congress......
Luvale, Bantu-speaking people of northwestern Zambia and southeastern Angola. In terms of history, language, material......
Luwian, member of an extinct people of ancient Anatolia. The Luwians were related to the Hittites and were the......
Maasai, nomadic pastoralists of East Africa. Maasai is essentially a linguistic term, referring to speakers of......
Jonathan Maccabeus was a Jewish general, a son of the priest Mattathias, who took over the leadership of the Maccabean......
Judas Maccabeus was a Jewish guerrilla leader who defended his country from invasion by the Seleucid king Antiochus......
John Mackenzie was a British missionary who was a constant champion of the rights of Africans in Southern Africa......
Madi, group of more than 150,000 people who inhabit both banks of the Nile River in northwestern Uganda and in......
Winnie Madikizela-Mandela was a South African social worker and activist considered by many Black South Africans......
Madurese, native population of the arid and infertile island of Madura, Indonesia. Today the majority of the Madurese......
Magar, indigenous ethnic group of Nepal, living mainly on the western and southern flanks of the country’s north-central......
Maguindanao, ethnolinguistic group living primarily in south-central Mindanao, the largest island in the southern......
Maidu, North American Indians who spoke a language of Penutian stock and originally lived in a territory extending......
Makonde, Bantu-speaking people living in northeastern Mozambique and southeastern Tanzania. Their economy rests......
Makú, any of several South American Indian societies who traditionally hunted, gathered wild plant foods, and fished......
Malagasy peoples, complex of about 20 ethnic groups in Madagascar. The largest group is the Merina, who primarily......
François Stephanus Malan was a politician who was a leader of the moderate Dutch political parties in South Africa.......
Malay, any member of an ethnic group of the Malay Peninsula and portions of adjacent islands of Southeast Asia,......
Malecite, North American Indians of the Algonquian language family who occupied the Saint John valley in what is......
Malinke, a West African people occupying parts of Guinea, Ivory Coast, Mali, Senegal, The Gambia, and Guinea-Bissau.......
Mallas, tribal people in the time of the Buddha (c. 6th–4th century bce), who settled in the northern parts of......
mameluco, (from mamaruca, Indian for “half-breed”), in colonial Brazil, especially in the São Paulo district, a......
Mamprusi, a people who inhabit the area between the White Volta and Nasia rivers in northern Ghana. The Mamprusi......
Manchu, people who lived for many centuries mainly in Manchuria (now Northeast) and adjacent areas of China and......
Mandan, North American Plains Indians who traditionally lived in semipermanent villages along the Missouri River......
Mande, group of peoples of western Africa, whose various Mande languages form a branch of the Niger-Congo language......
Nelson Mandela was a Black nationalist and the first Black president of South Africa (1994–99). His negotiations......
Mangbetu, peoples of Central Africa living to the south of the Zande in northeastern Congo (Kinshasa). They speak......
Manggarai, Indonesian people inhabiting western Flores, one of the Lesser Sunda Islands, in Indonesia. Numbering......
Manyika, one of the cluster of Shona-speaking peoples inhabiting extreme eastern Zimbabwe and adjacent areas of......
map, graphic representation, drawn to scale and usually on a flat surface, of features—for example, geographical,......
MapQuest, American Web-based, wireless mapping service owned by AOL (formerly known as America Online). MapQuest......
Mapuche, the most numerous group of Indians in South America. They numbered more than 1,400,000 at the turn of......
Maranao, largest of the Muslim cultural-linguistic groups of the Philippines. Numbering more than 840,000 in the......
Maratha, a major people of India, famed in history as yeoman warriors and champions of Hinduism. Their homeland......
Maravi, cluster of nine Bantu-speaking peoples living in the tree-studded grasslands of Malawi and along the lower......
Marcomanni, German tribe that settled in the Main River valley soon after 100 bc; they were members of the Suebi......
Mardaïte, member of a Christian people of northern Syria, employed as soldiers by Byzantine emperors. The Mardaïtes......
Mari, European people, numbering about 670,000 in the late 20th century, who speak a language of the Finno-Ugric......
Salomon Gerhardus Maritz was a general and rebel who was an ardent believer in the Boer nationalist cause in South......
Marma, people of the Chittagong Hills region of Bangladesh. The Marma numbered approximately 210,000 in the late......
Maroboduus was the king of the Marcomanni who organized the first confederation of German tribes. A Marcomannian......
maroon community, a group of formerly enslaved Africans and their descendants who gained their freedom by fleeing......
Marrucini, ancient tribe that occupied a small area around Teate (modern Chieti) on the east coast of Italy. The......
Marsi, ancient people of Italy, located on the eastern shore of Lake Fucinus (now drained) in the modern province......
Tomáš Masaryk was the chief founder and first president (1918–35) of Czechoslovakia. Masaryk’s father was a Slovak......
Massachuset, North American Indian tribe that in the 17th century may have numbered 3,000 individuals living in......
Matthew Fontaine Maury was a U.S. naval officer, pioneer hydrographer, and one of the founders of oceanography.......
Maxakali, South American Indians speaking related languages of the Maxakali branch of the Macro-Ge language family.......
Sayyid Maxamed Cabdulle Xasan was a Somali religious and nationalist leader (called the “Mad Mullah” by the British)......
Maya, Mesoamerican Indians occupying a nearly continuous territory in southern Mexico, Guatemala, and northern......
Mayo, Indian people centred in southern Sonora and northern Sinaloa states on the west coast of Mexico. They speak......
Mazatec, Mesoamerican Indians of northern Oaxaca in southern Mexico. The region is mostly mountainous, with small......
Ivan Mazepa was the hetman (leader) of Cossack-controlled Ukraine who turned against the Russians and joined the......
Mbayá, South American Indians of the Argentine, Paraguayan, and Brazilian Chaco, speakers of a Guaycuruan language.......
Mbembe, group of peoples living along the middle Cross River in Nigeria. Numbering about 100,000 in the late 20th......
Mbundu, second largest ethnolinguistic group of Angola, comprising a diversity of peoples who speak Kimbundu, a......
John J. McCloy was an American diplomat and lawyer. He was an adviser to every U.S. president from Franklin D.......
Marcia McNutt is an American geophysicist who was the first woman to direct the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS; 2009–13)......
Pierre Mechain was a French astronomer and hydrographer who, with Jean Delambre, measured the meridian arc from......
Mede, one of an Indo-European people, related to the Persians, who entered northeastern Iran probably as early......
Golda Meir was an Israeli politician who helped found (1948) the State of Israel and later served as its fourth......
Meitei, dominant population of Manipur, in northeastern India, concentrated mostly around the Imphal valley. Besides......
Mende, people of Sierra Leone, including also a small group in Liberia; they speak a language of the Mande branch......
Menominee, Algonquian-speaking North American Indians who, when first encountered by the missionary-voyageur Jean......
Mercator projection, type of map projection introduced in 1569 by Gerardus Mercator. It is often described as a......
Gerardus Mercator was a Flemish cartographer whose most important innovation was a map, embodying what was later......
Merina, a Malagasy people primarily inhabiting the central plateau of Madagascar. They are the most populous ethnolinguistic......
Mescalero, tribe of the Eastern Apache division of North American Indians. Their name is taken from the mescal......
Mesoamerican Indian, member of any of the indigenous peoples inhabiting Mexico and Central America (roughly between......
Messapii, ancient pre-Roman people of the southeastern part of the Italian peninsula (Calabria and Apulia) who,......
mestizo, any person of mixed blood. In Central and South America it denotes a person of combined Indian and European......
Mfengu, people living in Eastern Cape province of South Africa and traditionally speaking a Xhosa language (one......
Miami, Algonquian-speaking North American Indians who lived in the area of what is now Green Bay, Wis., U.S., when......
Miao, mountain-dwelling peoples of China, Vietnam, Laos, Burma, and Thailand, who speak languages of the Hmong-Mien......
Middle American Indian, member of any of the aboriginal peoples inhabiting the area from northern Mexico to Nicaragua.......
Midianite, in the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament), member of a group of nomadic tribes related to the Israelites and......
Mien, peoples of southern China and Southeast Asia. In the early 21st century they numbered some 2,700,000 in China,......
Slobodan Milošević was a politician and administrator, who, as Serbia’s party leader and president (1989–97), pursued......
Mimbres, a prehistoric North American people who formed a branch of the classic Mogollon culture and who lived......
Mina, tribe and caste inhabiting Rājasthān and Punjab states in northern India, and Punjab province, Pakistan,......
Minahasan, people inhabiting the northernmost extension of the island of Celebes (Sulawesi), Indonesia, in and......
Minangkabau, largest ethnic group on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, whose traditional homeland is the west-central......
Minoan, Any member of a non-Indo-European people who flourished (c. 3000–c. 1100 bc) on the island of Crete during......
Mirambo was a Nyamwezi warlord of central Africa whose ability to unite the many hitherto separate Nyamwezi clans......
Mishmi, tribal people mostly of Arunachal Pradesh (formerly North East Frontier Agency) in extreme northeastern......
Miskito, Central American Indians of the lowlands along the Caribbean coast of northeastern Nicaragua. They were......
Mission Indians, North American Indians of what is now the southern and central California coast, among whom Spanish......
Missouri, North American Indian people of the Chiwere branch of the Siouan language family. In their historic past......
Miwok, California Indians speaking languages of Penutian stock and originally comprising seven dialectally and......
Mixe-Zoquean, group of Middle American Indian peoples inhabiting territories in southern Mexico. The Mixe-Zoquean......