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kaozheng xue
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Qing dynasty: scholar's study
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kaozheng xue

Chinese history

Learn about this topic in these articles:

role in Ch’ing society

  • China
    In China: State and society

    …empirical school of scholarship (kaozheng xue). Influenced by their knowledge of European mathematics and mathematical astronomy, these scholars laid down new rules for verifying the authenticity of the Classical texts and, by revealing flaws in previously accepted canons, challenged the neo-Confucian orthodoxy. Turning away from the Confucian quest for…

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