Lazare Carnot, (born May 13, 1753, Nolay, Burgundy, France—died Aug. 2, 1823, Magdeburg, Prussian Saxony), French statesman and administrator in successive governments of the French Revolution. He entered the army as an engineer (1773) and was elected to the Legislative Assembly in 1791. As a leading member of the Committee of Public Safety and the Directory, he helped mobilize the Revolutionary armed forces and matériel, and he was lauded as the “Organizer of Victory.” During the Coup of 18 Fructidor he fled France to escape arrest. He returned after Napoleon rose to power and served him in various offices, including minister of the interior during the Hundred Days.
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France, country of northwestern Europe. Historically and culturally among the most important nations in the Western world, France has also played a highly significant role in international affairs, with former colonies in every corner of the globe. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean and the