Casimir III, known as Casimir the Great Polish Kazimierz Weilki, (born April 30, 1310, Kujavia, Pol.—died Nov. 5, 1370), King of Poland (1333–70). He was the son of Władysław I, who revived the Polish kingship, and he continued his father’s quest to make Poland a power in central Europe. He crafted treaties with Hungary, Bohemia, and the Teutonic Order and acquired Red Russia and Masovia by diplomacy. Casimir also arranged a series of dynastic alliances that tied Poland to many royal European families. He codified Teutonic law, gave new towns self-government under the Magdeburg Law, and founded the University of Kraków.
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