rat kangaroo: The long-nosed potoroo (P. tridactylus) lives in the underbrush of forests in Tasmania and on the eastern mainland from the border between South Australia and Victoria to southern Queensland. A closely related species, Gilbert’s potoroo (P. gilbertii), of southwestern Australia, was long thought to be extinct,…

kinkajou, (Potos flavus), an unusual member of the raccoon family (see procyonid) distinguished by its long, prehensile tail, short muzzle, and low-set, rounded ears. Native to Central America and parts of South America, the kinkajou is an agile denizen of the upper canopy of tropical forests. The

Potosí, city, southern Bolivia, 56 miles (90 km) southwest of Sucre. One of the world’s highest cities (elevation 13,290 feet [4,050 metres]), it stands on a cold and barren plateau in the shadow of fabled Potosí Mountain (also called Cerro Rico [“Rich Mountain”]), which is honeycombed with

Potosí: …in the shadow of fabled Potosí Mountain (also called Cerro Rico [“Rich Mountain”]), which is honeycombed with thousands of mines. Legend attributes its name to potojchi or potocsi, a Quechua word meaning “deafening noise,” or “crash.”

Ernestine Rose was a Polish-born American reformer and suffragist, an active figure in the 19th-century women’s rights, antislavery, and temperance movements. Born in the Polish ghetto to the town rabbi and his wife, Ernestine Potowski received a better education and more freedom than was typical

Ernestine Rose was a Polish-born American reformer and suffragist, an active figure in the 19th-century women’s rights, antislavery, and temperance movements. Born in the Polish ghetto to the town rabbi and his wife, Ernestine Potowski received a better education and more freedom than was typical

potpourri, in pottery, a decorative ceramic vessel with a perforated cover originally made to hold a moist mixture of aromatic spices, fruits, and the petals of flowers that was intended to produce a pleasant scent as the mixture mouldered. The vessel was later used for dried spices and petals.

Potrerillos, former mining centre in northern Chile. The defunct underground copper mine lies in the Atacama Desert, 9,440 feet (2,877 metres) above sea level and 75 miles (120 km) inland from the port of Chañaral. Although its deposits were smaller and its ores of poorer quality than those at

Aleksandr Nikolayevich Potresov was a Russian Social Democrat, one of the leaders of the Mensheviks, who opposed the Bolsheviks in the political struggle leading up to the Russian Revolution of 1917. Potresov, the son of a general, joined the Marxists in the early 1890s and was briefly exiled in

Iceland: Political developments: …banged kitchenware, igniting the “Pots and Pans Revolution.” In April 2010 a special investigative commission examining the financial sector collapse issued a report that revealed an array of dubious business practices and concluded that both banks and prominent individuals had speculated in the stock market with borrowed funds. Following…

Potsdam, village and town (township), St. Lawrence county, northern New York, U.S., on the Raquette River, 30 miles (48 km) east of Ogdensburg. The village was settled in 1803–04 as a cooperative community (disbanded 1810). The State University of New York College at Potsdam (founded 1816 as St.

Potsdam, city, capital of Brandenburg Land (state), eastern Germany. Lying on the southwest border of Berlin, it is sited where the Nuthe River flows into the Havel River, the confluence becoming a series of lakes. First mentioned in 993 as a Slavic settlement known as Poztupimi, it received its

Potsdam Conference, (July 17–August 2, 1945), Allied conference of World War II held at Potsdam, a suburb of Berlin. The chief participants were U.S. President Harry S. Truman, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill (or Clement Attlee, who became prime minister during the conference), and Soviet

Potsdam Declaration, ultimatum issued by the United States, Great Britain, and China on July 26, 1945, calling for the unconditional surrender of Japan. The declaration was made at the Potsdam Conference near the end of World War II. Two months after Germany surrendered, Allied leaders gathered in

Frederick William: Later policies.: …with the issuance of the Edict of Potsdam on Nov. 8, 1685, in which he granted asylum to all Huguenots expelled from France by Louis XIV after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. Thus, at the end of his life, the Great Elector returned to the political ties of…

Germany: Architecture of Germany: After unification the long-deserted Potsdamer Platz in the heart of Berlin, once a focus of Berlin’s economic and administrative life, came alive with the construction of an array of public and private buildings by internationally renowned architects such as Renzo Piano, Helmut Jahn, and Richard Rogers. After somewhat acrimonious…

Pott disease, disease caused by infection of the spinal column, or vertebral column, by the tuberculosis bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Pott disease is characterized by softening and collapse of the vertebrae, often resulting in a hunchback curvature of the spine. The condition is named

Bélep Islands: Comprising Pott and Art islands and several islets, the group lies within the northern continuation of the barrier reef that surrounds the main island of New Caledonia. The chief settlement is Wala, on Art Island. The largest of the group, Art Island is 10 miles (16…

August Pott was a German linguist who was one of the founders of Indo-European historical linguistics. He established modern etymological studies on the basis of the correspondence of sounds occurring in related words in Indo-European languages. As a theology student at the University of Göttingen,

August Pott was a German linguist who was one of the founders of Indo-European historical linguistics. He established modern etymological studies on the basis of the correspondence of sounds occurring in related words in Indo-European languages. As a theology student at the University of Göttingen,

Sir Percivall Pott was an English surgeon noted for his many insightful and comprehensive surgical writings. He was the first to associate cancer with occupational exposure. Pott, whose father died when he was a young boy, was raised under the care of his mother and a relative, Joseph Wilcocks, the

Pottawatomie Massacre, (May 24–25, 1856), murder of five men from a proslavery settlement on Pottawatomie Creek, Franklin county, Kan., U.S., by an antislavery party led by the abolitionist John Brown and composed largely of men of his family. The victims were associated with the Franklin County

commercial fishing: Potters: These are generally inshore vessels using pots or traps to catch shellfish. They come in a wide variety of types and sizes, but a typical inshore potter is 10 metres in length. King crab potters working off of the coast of Alaska are up…

Potter, county, northern Pennsylvania, U.S., bordering New York state to the north. It consists of a mountainous region on the Allegheny Plateau drained by the Allegheny, Cowanesque, and Genesee rivers and Oswayo, Pine, Kettle, and Sinnemahoning creeks. The county contains more than 390 square

wasp: The potter, or mason, wasps (subfamily Eumeninae) of the Vespidae build nests of mud, which are sometimes vaselike or juglike and may be found attached to twigs or other objects.

potter’s mark, device for the purpose of identifying commercial pottery wares. Except for those of Wedgwood, stonewares before the 20th century were not often marked. On some earthenware, potters’ marks are frequently seen, but signatures are rare. One of the few found on ancient Greek vases reads:

agenesis: In renal agenesis, or Potter’s syndrome (absence of one or both kidneys), the ureters also are usually absent, and sex organs may be abnormal. Affected children have wide-set eyes, large, low-set ears, and flattened nose. Agenesis of the lung may be unilateral, a relatively common defect, or bilateral, the…

Aegean civilizations: Period of the Early Palaces in Crete (c. 2000–1700): The fast potter’s wheel began to come into use in Crete about the same time as in the Cyclades and on the mainland. Meanwhile, a revolution in the style of Cretan pottery was taking place. During the Early Bronze Age most of the finer vases everywhere in…

Beatrix Potter was an English author of children’s books, who created Peter Rabbit, Jeremy Fisher, Jemima Puddle-Duck, Mrs. Tiggy-Winkle, and other animal characters. Potter, the only daughter of heirs to cotton fortunes, spent a solitary childhood, enlivened by long holidays in Scotland or the

Bessie Potter Vonnoh was an American sculptor known for her delicate portrayals in bronze of mothers and children and young women. Her Impressionistic style and intimate designs set her apart from other sculptors of her generation. After the death of her father, the Potter family moved from St.

Western architecture: United States: …and completed in 1875, by Edward T. Potter, a pupil of Upjohn. The banded and pointed arches of this building suggest the influence of Ruskin. More successful—and controversial—as an exponent of the Ruskinian aesthetic was Peter B. Wight, architect of the National Academy of Design, New York City (1863–65). There…

H.C. Potter was an American film and stage director who was best known for his comedies, notably The Farmer’s Daughter (1947) and Mr. Blandings Builds His Dream House (1948). After studying in Yale University’s drama department, Potter helped found (1927) the Hampton Players, a summer theatre group

H.C. Potter was an American film and stage director who was best known for his comedies, notably The Farmer’s Daughter (1947) and Mr. Blandings Builds His Dream House (1948). After studying in Yale University’s drama department, Potter helped found (1927) the Hampton Players, a summer theatre group

Harry Potter, fictional character, a boy wizard created by British author J.K. Rowling. His coming-of-age exploits were the subject of seven enormously popular novels (1997–2007), which were adapted into eight films (2001–11); a play and a book of its script appeared in 2016. Harry Potter was first

Beatrix Potter was an English author of children’s books, who created Peter Rabbit, Jeremy Fisher, Jemima Puddle-Duck, Mrs. Tiggy-Winkle, and other animal characters. Potter, the only daughter of heirs to cotton fortunes, spent a solitary childhood, enlivened by long holidays in Scotland or the

H.C. Potter was an American film and stage director who was best known for his comedies, notably The Farmer’s Daughter (1947) and Mr. Blandings Builds His Dream House (1948). After studying in Yale University’s drama department, Potter helped found (1927) the Hampton Players, a summer theatre group

Sidney and Beatrice Webb: Early life of Beatrice Potter Webb.: Beatrice Potter was born in Gloucester, into a class which, to use her own words, “habitually gave orders.” She was the eighth daughter of Richard Potter, a businessman, at whose death she inherited a private income of £1,000 a year, and Laurencina Heyworth, daughter of…

Paulus Potter was a Dutch painter and etcher celebrated chiefly for his paintings of animals. Animals appear prominently in all of Potter’s works, sometimes singly but usually in small groups silhouetted against the sky, or in greater numbers with peasant figures and rustic buildings in an

Paulus Potter was a Dutch painter and etcher celebrated chiefly for his paintings of animals. Animals appear prominently in all of Potter’s works, sometimes singly but usually in small groups silhouetted against the sky, or in greater numbers with peasant figures and rustic buildings in an

Paulus Potter was a Dutch painter and etcher celebrated chiefly for his paintings of animals. Animals appear prominently in all of Potter’s works, sometimes singly but usually in small groups silhouetted against the sky, or in greater numbers with peasant figures and rustic buildings in an

the Potteries, region in the north of the geographic county of Staffordshire, England, the country’s main producer of china and earthenware. It is centred on the city and unitary authority of Stoke-on-Trent and includes areas in the neighbouring borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme. Wedgwood and Minton

Heavy Metal: science-fiction anthology film directed by Gerald Potterton and released in 1981. The film features stories that originally appeared in Heavy Metal magazine, as well as tales conceived specifically for the film. Aimed at an adult audience, Heavy Metal was hailed as an impressive foray into film animation and inspired a…

pottery, one of the oldest and most widespread of the decorative arts, consisting of objects made of clay and hardened with heat. The objects made are commonly useful ones, such as vessels for holding liquids or plates or bowls from which food can be served. Clay, the basic material of pottery, has

percussion instrument: Membranophones: …lacings, whether they were small pottery drums, such as those excavated in Costa Rica, or the large footed drums of Mexico. Slender pottery drums of the Guatemala highlands, open top and bottom, can be dated to the late Classical period (c. 700–1000). Skeletons of wooden cylinder drums, very shallow, have…

potter’s mark, device for the purpose of identifying commercial pottery wares. Except for those of Wedgwood, stonewares before the 20th century were not often marked. On some earthenware, potters’ marks are frequently seen, but signatures are rare. One of the few found on ancient Greek vases reads:

diplomatics: Post-Renaissance scholarship: …of the papal chancery, while August Potthast covered the period from 1198 to 1304. Prominent scholars in the research of papal records in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century were Michael Tangl, Rudolf von Heckel, and, particularly, Paul Fridolin Kehr. In comparison with the amount of work done…

China: The first Opium War and its aftermath: Elliot’s successor, Henry Pottinger, arrived at Macau in August and campaigned northward, seizing Xiamen (Amoy), Dinghai, and Ningbo. Reinforced from India, he resumed action in May 1842 and took Wusong, Shanghai, and Zhenjiang. Nanjing yielded in August, and peace was restored with the Treaty of Nanjing. According…

Frederick A. Pottle was an American scholar who became the foremost authority on the 18th-century English biographer James Boswell. Pottle graduated from Colby College in 1917 and earned a Ph.D. from Yale University in 1925. He taught at Yale from 1925 until his retirement in 1966, becoming a full

Frederick A. Pottle was an American scholar who became the foremost authority on the 18th-century English biographer James Boswell. Pottle graduated from Colby College in 1917 and earned a Ph.D. from Yale University in 1925. He taught at Yale from 1925 until his retirement in 1966, becoming a full

potto, (Perodicticus potto), slow-moving tropical African primate. The potto is a nocturnal tree dweller found in rainforests from Sierra Leone eastward to Uganda. It has a strong grip and clings tightly to branches, but when necessary it can also move quickly through the branches with a smooth

Pottstown, borough (town), Montgomery county, southeastern Pennsylvania, U.S., on the Schuylkill River, 37 miles (59 km) northwest of Philadelphia. The region’s first iron forge (known as Pool) was erected there (1716) by Thomas Rutter, and the Coventry forge produced the first commercial steel in

Pottsville, city, seat (1851) of Schuylkill county, east-central Pennsylvania, U.S. It is situated at the gap of the Schuylkill River through Sharp Mountain, on the southern edge of the Pennsylvania anthracite-coal region, 35 miles (56 km) northwest of Reading. The first settlers were massacred

Pottsville Series, in geology, division of the Late Carboniferous Epoch (318 million to 299 million years ago). It was named for exposures studied in the region of Pottsville, in the anthracite coal district of Pennsylvania. Found from Pennsylvania to Ohio and from Maryland to Virginia, the

presidency of the United States of America, chief executive office of the United States. In contrast to many countries with parliamentary forms of government, where the office of president, or head of state, is mainly ceremonial, in the United States the president is vested with great authority and

New York Islanders: …including goaltender Billy Smith, defenseman Denis Potvin, right wing Mike Bossy, centre Bryan Trottier, and left wing Clark Gillies. That young group (all but Smith were no older than age 25 at the start of the 1979–80 season) played with postseason poise that belied their youth, losing just three games…

Potwar Plateau, tableland in Rawalpindi, Attock, and Jhelum districts, Punjab province, Pakistan. Lying between the Indus and Jhelum rivers and bounded on the north by the Hazara Hills and on the south by the Salt Range, its varied landscape is constantly affected by erosion. Its elevation varies

César: …a representation of his thumb; Le Pouce, a 12-metre (40-foot) version, was erected in the Parisian quarter of La Défense. César’s most massive work was a 520-ton barrier of compressed automobiles erected at the Venice Biennale in 1995.

marsupium, specialized pouch for protecting, carrying, and nourishing newborn marsupial young. A marsupium is found in most members of the order Marsupialia (class Mammalia). In some marsupials (e.g., kangaroos) it is a well-developed pocket, while in others (e.g., dasyurids) it is a simple fold of

slipper flower, (genus Calceolaria), genus of more than 300 species of annual or perennial flowering plants of the family Calceolariaceae, native from Mexico to South America. They are named for their flowers’ pouchlike shape. The flowers are usually yellow, orange, red, or purple with contrasting

Félix-Archimède Pouchet was a French naturalist who was a leading advocate of the idea of the spontaneous generation of life from nonliving matter. Pouchet was director of the Rouen Museum of Natural History and the Rouen Jardin des Plantes (1828) and later a professor at the School of Medicine at

Frédéric Mistral: Lou Pouèmo dóu Rose tells of a voyage on the Rhône River from Lyon to Beaucaire by the barge Lou Caburle, which is boarded first by a romantic young prince of Holland and later by the daughter of a poor ferryman. The romance between them…

Poughkeepsie, city, seat of Dutchess county, eastern New York, U.S. It lies on the east bank of the Hudson River (there bridged to Highland), 75 miles (121 km) north of New York City. It was settled by the Dutch in 1683; its name, of Wappinger Indian origin, means “reed-covered lodge by the little

Ivan Albertovich Puni was a Russian painter and graphic artist who actively furthered the early (prewar) development of the Russian avant-garde. The son of a cellist and grandson of the renowned composer Tsezar Puni (1802–70, originally Cesare Pugni from Italy), Ivan Puni was exposed to music and

Blessed John Duns Scotus: Final period at Cologne of Blessed John Duns Scotus: …quodlibetal disputation, the secular master Jean de Pouilly, for example, declared the Scotist thesis not only improbable but even heretical. Should anyone be so presumptuous as to assert it, he argued impassionedly, one should proceed against him “not with arguments but otherwise.” At a time when Philip IV had initiated…

Pierre Poujade was a French bookseller, publisher, and politician who led a much publicized right-wing protest movement in France during the 1950s. Poujade served (1939–40) in the aviation wing of the French army during World War II. He fled to Morocco in 1942 and then to England, where he joined

Pierre Poujade was a French bookseller, publisher, and politician who led a much publicized right-wing protest movement in France during the 1950s. Poujade served (1939–40) in the aviation wing of the French army during World War II. He fled to Morocco in 1942 and then to England, where he joined

National Rally: Origins of the National Front and early political successes: …the right-wing populism of the Poujadisme movement led by Pierre Poujade in the 1950s. Indeed, Le Pen himself was closely tied to Poujadisme, having won a seat in the National Assembly in the 1956 election that proved to be the movement’s high point. Electoral success was slow to come for…

crakow, long, pointed, spiked shoe worn by both men and women first in the mid-14th century and then condemned by law. Crakows were named after the city of Kraków (Cracow), Pol., and they were also known as poulaines (Polish). Crakows were admired on the feet of the courtiers of Anne of Bohemia,

western Africa: The wider influence of the Sudanic kingdoms: The Fulani language, however, is classified as part of the Niger-Congo family of languages spoken by Black Africans, and the earliest historical documentation reports that the Fulani were living in the westernmost Sudan close to ancient Ghana. The development of this organized kingdom thrust pastoral peoples…

Rhône-Poulenc SA: …the pharmaceutical house established by Camille Poulenc (1864–1942), the founder of the French pharmaceutical industry and a collaborator of Pierre and Marie Curie. The new Société des Usines Chimiques Rhône-Poulenc immediately founded subsidiaries to develop pharmaceutical specialties and new techniques for the manufacture of synthetic textiles.

Francis Poulenc was a composer who made an important contribution to French music in the decades after World War I and whose songs are considered among the best composed during the 20th century. Poulenc was largely self-taught. His first compositions—Rapsodie Nègre (1917), Trois Mouvements

Berry: Poulet en barbouille is chicken cooked in brandy and served with a sauce made from blood, cream, yolk, and chopped liver. Wines from Quincy and Sancerre in Cher and Reuilly in Indre are produced from Sauvignon vines and have a flinty taste.

Georges Poulet was a Belgian writer, who was a major exponent of the nouvelle critique (“new criticism”) of French literature that developed after World War II. Poulet was educated at the University of Liège, where he received an LL.D. (1925) and a Ph.D. (1927). He served as professor of French at

Canadian literature: Contemporary trends: La Guerre, Yes Sir!); and Jacques Poulin, whose early novels, set in the old city of Quebec, are comic visions of life (Mon cheval pour un royaume [1967], Jimmy [1969], and Le Coeur de la baleine bleue [1970]; translated into English under the title The Jimmy Trilogy). His novel Volkswagen…

Holy Ghost Father: …in 1703 at Paris by Claude-François Poullart des Places. Originally intended only for the training of seminarians, the congregation gradually took an active part in missionary work. Suppressed by the French Revolution, it was restored under Napoleon, but persecution kept it weak until 1848, when the Congregation of the Immaculate…

Con Son: Con Son Island, which is 13 miles (21 km) long and 5 miles (8 km) wide, is well wooded and has an indented coast. It has also been known as Penitentiary Island because it was used for political prisoners.

Con Son: The island group consists of 13 volcanic islands and islets about 60 miles (100 km) southeast of the Ca Mau Peninsula in the South China Sea. Con Son Island, which is 13 miles (21 km) long and 5 miles (8 km) wide, is well wooded and…

Poulsen family, famous Danish theatrical family. Emil Poulsen (b. July 9, 1842, Copenhagen, Den.—d. June 3, 1911, Helsinger) and Olaf Poulsen (b. April 26, 1849, Copenhagen, Den.—d. March 26, 1923, Fredensborg) made their acting debuts on the same night in 1867 at the Danish Royal Theatre. Olaf,

Poulsen family: Emil excelled in such serious roles as Macbeth and Shylock and gained equal prominence as a director. Emil’s sons Adam and Johannes Poulsen were successful actors, and another son, Olaf, was a professional ballet dancer, as was Johannes’s wife, Ulla.

Johannes Poulsen was an actor and director with the Royal Danish Theatre and perhaps the primary member of a famous theatrical family. Poulsen made his professional acting debut at the Dagmar Theatre in Copenhagen in 1901 with his older brother, the actor Adam Poulsen (1879–1969). Johannes joined

Poulsen family: Olaf, one of Denmark’s most popular comic actors, was critically acclaimed for his appearances in works by Ludvig Holberg and for a myriad of Shakespearean roles, including Falstaff, Bottom in A Midsummer Night’s Dream, and Sir Toby in Twelfth Night. Emil excelled in such serious…

Valdemar Poulsen was a Danish engineer who in 1903 developed the first device for generating continuous radio waves, thus aiding the development of radio broadcasting. After his education Poulsen joined the Copenhagen Telephone Company as an assistant in the technical section. While working there,

poulter’s measure, a metre in which lines of 12 and 14 syllables alternate. Poulter is an obsolete variant of poulterer (poultry dealer); poulterers traditionally gave one or two extra eggs when selling by the

art conservation and restoration: Stone sculpture: …with water; in such instances, poulticing is an optional method that avoids prolonged submersion of the stone in water and yet maximizes desalination. Poulticing involves wetting the sculpture with water and then placing a clay or paper pulp-based material mixed with water on the surface. As the water is drawn…

poultry, in animal husbandry, birds raised commercially or domestically for meat, eggs, and feathers. Chickens, ducks, turkeys, and geese are of primary commercial importance, while guinea fowl and squabs are chiefly of local interest. Based on the number of animals, poultry represent the largest

poultry farming, raising of birds domestically or commercially, primarily for meat and eggs but also for feathers. Chickens, turkeys, ducks, and geese are of primary importance, while guinea fowl and squabs (young pigeons) are chiefly of local interest. This article treats the principles and

poultry processing, preparation of meat from various types of fowl for consumption by humans. Poultry is a major source of consumable animal protein. For example, per capita consumption of poultry in the United States has more than quadrupled since the end of World War II, as the industry developed

Spain: The Civil War: …Party of Marxist Unification (Partido Obrero de Unificación Marxista; POUM), which rejected the Popular Front in favour of a workers’ government, set off a rebellion in Barcelona in May 1937. The communists, Republicans, and anti-Caballero socialists used this as an excuse to oust Largo Caballero, who proved insufficiently pliable…

Witi Ihimaera: …published his first short-story collection, Pounamu, Pounamu (“Greenstone, Greenstone”). It was written for secondary-school students and presents one of his characteristic themes—traditional communal Māori society confronted by mechanized individualistic Pākehā society. His Tangi (1973; “Mourning”) is the first novel in English by a Māori author. The novel Whanau (1974; “Family”)…

inkstand: …candlestick to hold small tapers), pounce box (for sprinkling pounce, a powdered gum that fixed ink to paper), wafer-box (to hold wafers used to seal letters), a penknife, and quills. The use of inkstands gradually disappeared after fountain pens were perfected early in the 20th century.

pouncet-box, small silver box, the sides of which are “pounced,” or pierced, with holes, containing a sponge soaked in pungent vinegar to ward off diseases and offensive odours. The box was carried by English gentlemen from about the mid-16th to the early 17th century. See also pomander; potpourri;

pound sterling, the basic monetary unit of Great Britain, divided (since 1971) decimally into 100 new pence. The term is derived from the fact that, about 775, silver coins known as “sterlings” were issued in the Saxon kingdoms, 240 of them being minted from a pound of silver, the weight of which

pound, unit of avoirdupois weight, equal to 16 ounces, 7,000 grains, or 0.45359237 kg, and of troy and apothecaries’ weight, equal to 12 ounces, 5,760 grains, or 0.3732417216 kg. The Roman ancestor of the modern pound, the libra, is the source of the abbreviation lb. In medieval England several

telephone: Push-button dialing: …bearing the star (*) and pound (#) symbols, to accommodate various data services and customer-controlled calling features. Each of the rows and columns is assigned a tone of a specific frequency, the columns having higher-frequency tones and the rows having tones of lower frequency. When a button is pushed, a…

Imperial units: Early origins: …precious metals, and the pound avoirdupois, for other goods sold by weight.

baking: Foams and sponges: … and whole eggs, as in pound cakes, is an air-in-oil emulsion. Proteins and starch, scattered throughout the emulsion in a dispersed condition, gradually coalesce as the batter stands or is heated. Fats and oils, in addition to yolk lipids, can be added to such systems without causing complete collapse but…

lock, enclosure or basin located in the course of a canal or a river (or in the vicinity of a dock) with gates at each end, within which the water level may be varied to raise or lower boats. Where the required lift is of considerable height, a series of connected but isolable basins, or locks, is

commercial fishing: Traps: …or weirs, and the large pound nets. The oldest type may be the Italian tonnara, used in the Mediterranean for tuna from the Bosporus to the Atlantic. Very large pound nets are also used by the Japanese on the Pacific coast, by the Danes and their neighbours off the eastern…

Pound Quartzite, formation of Precambrian rocks (dating from 3.96 billion to 540 million years ago) in the region of Adelaide, South Australia. The Pound Quartzite consists of shales and siltstones, limestones, and quartzites; it is notable because from it a very early fossil assemblage, the

number sign, versatile symbol (#) most commonly used to preface numbers (e.g., apartment #1) but which encompasses a variety of other uses, especially to tag (or hashtag) posts and messages on social media platforms. The origin of the number sign is usually attributed to the Latin term libra pondo,