spikenard, (Nardostachys jatamansi), perennial herb (family Caprifoliaceae) of the Himalayas and its fragrant essential oil. The plant and its oil have been used since ancient times in traditional medicines, and the oil, derived from its woody rhizomes, is used as a perfume and in religious

spikenard, (Nardostachys jatamansi), perennial herb (family Caprifoliaceae) of the Himalayas and its fragrant essential oil. The plant and its oil have been used since ancient times in traditional medicines, and the oil, derived from its woody rhizomes, is used as a perfume and in religious

St. Gregory of Narek ; feast day February 27) was a Christian poet and theologian who is generally considered the first great Armenian poet and the principal literary figure in Armenia during the 10th century. He was renowned for his mystical poems and hymns, biblical commentaries, and sacred

Challenger Expedition: …commanded by Captain (later Sir) George Strong Nares, while Sir C. Wyville Thomson supervised the scientific staff. The expedition gathered observations from 362 stations and made 492 deep soundings and 133 dredgings. Among the results of the Challenger Expedition were determinations of oceanic temperature, ocean currents, and the depths and…

Naresuan was the king of Siam (1590–1605), regarded as a national hero by the Thai people for having liberated the country from the Myanmar (Burmese). In 1569 the Myanmar king Bayinnaung (reigned 1551–81) conquered Siam and placed Naresuan’s father, Maha Thammaracha, on the throne as his vassal.

Narew River, east-bank tributary of the Vistula River that rises in western Belarus and flows into eastern Poland. The Narew River is 272 miles (438 km) long and drains an area of more than 10,800 square miles (28,000 square km). It rises in the Belovezhskaya Forest in western Belarus and flows

hookah, apparatus used to heat and vaporize tobacco for inhalation. The word hookah is derived from the Hindustani huqqa and the Arabic huqqah, meaning “vase” or “vessel.” The practice of smoking tobacco from a hookah likely originated in India or the Middle East. Today it is used worldwide and is

Myanmar: Myanmar since 1988: …3–4 a powerful cyclone (Nargis) struck the Irrawaddy delta region of south-central Myanmar, obliterating villages and killing some 138,000 people (the total including tens of thousands listed as missing and presumed dead). The government’s failure to provide relief quickly at the outset of the disaster and its unwillingness to…

Scotch egg: …dish evolved from northern India’s nargisi kofta (an egg covered in minced meat and served with curry), which returning soldiers and others introduced to England. A third story claims that it was invented by Scottish farmers as an inexpensive dish.

Naryan-Mar, inland port and capital of the Nenets autonomous okrug (district), Arkhangelsk oblast (region), northeastern European Russia. It lies on the Pechora River 68 miles (110 km) from its mouth on the Arctic Ocean. Building commenced in the early 1930s in connection with the development of

jewelry: Central and South American: pre-Columbian: …personages and warriors was the nariguera, a gold ornament that was hooked to the nostrils and might be in the shape of a simple ring, a laminated disk, or an upside-down fan decorated with pierced work. The elite also wore pendants depicting gods or animals.

Nariño, departamento, southwestern Colombia, bounded by the Pacific Ocean on the west and Ecuador on the south. Its population is concentrated principally in the volcanic Andean highlands above 5,000 feet (1,500 m). The densely settled Altiplano (high plateau) of Túquerres-Ipiales, which is

Nariokotome, site in northern Kenya known for the 1984 discovery of a nearly complete skeleton of African Homo erectus (also called H. ergaster) dating to approximately 1.5 million years ago. The skeleton, known as KNM-WT 15000 to paleoanthropologists, is also called “Turkana Boy.” It is

Narita, city, Chiba ken, central Honshu, Japan. It is located approximately 30 miles (50 km) east of Tokyo, on the Ryoso Plateau. Originally an agricultural region producing rice, peanuts (groundnuts), sweet potatoes, and other vegetables, Narita developed as a temple town of the Shinshō Temple,

Närke, landskap (province) lying mostly in the administrative län (county) of Örebro, south-central Sweden. It lies between the traditional landskap (provinces) of Västmanland on the north, Södermanland on the east, Östergötland on the southeast, Västergötland on the southwest, and Värmland on the

20th-century international relations: Lenin’s diplomacy: …Radek; the second, of the Narkomindel (foreign commissariat) directed from 1920 to 1930 by the timid and cultured prewar nobleman, Georgy Chicherin. The Comintern enjoyed direct access to the Politburo, whereas the Narkomindel had no voice even in the Central Committee until 1925. In practice, however, the foreign policy interests…

Medha Patkar: …which in 1989 became the Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA; Save the Narmada). The NBA’s major aim was to provide project information and legal representation to the concerned residents of the Narmada valley.

Medha Patkar: …which in 1989 became the Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA; Save the Narmada). The NBA’s major aim was to provide project information and legal representation to the concerned residents of the Narmada valley.

Narmada River, river in central India that has always been an important route between the Arabian Sea and the Ganges (Ganga) River valley. The river was called Namade by the 2nd-century-ce Greek geographer Ptolemy. The Narmada rises at an elevation of about 3,500 feet (1,080 metres) in the Maikala

Medha Patkar: …with people displaced by the Narmada Valley Development Project (NVDP), a large-scale plan to dam the Narmada River and its tributaries in the Indian states of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Maharashtra. An advocate of human rights, Patkar founded her campaigns on two basic tenets in the Indian constitution: the rights…

India: Inland regions: …and principal portion of the Narmada-Son trough, a continuous depression running southwest-northeast, mostly at the base of the Vindhya Range, for about 750 miles (1,200 km).

Menes was the legendary first king of unified Egypt, who, according to tradition, joined Upper and Lower Egypt in a single centralized monarchy and established ancient Egypt’s 1st dynasty. Manetho, a 3rd-century-bce Egyptian historian, called him Menes, the 5th-century-bce Greek historian Herodotus

Egyptian art and architecture: Dynastic Egypt: …the scenes shown on the Narmer Palette, where Narmer (better known as Menes), probably the last ruler of predynastic Egypt, is depicted as the triumphant ruler.

Narni, town, Umbria regione, central Italy, situated on a hilltop above the Nera River. It originated as the Umbrian Nequinum (later Narnia, after the Roman conquest) and was the birthplace of Pope John XIII (10th century), the Roman emperor Nerva (1st century), and the condottiere Erasmo da Narni

Narni, town, Umbria regione, central Italy, situated on a hilltop above the Nera River. It originated as the Umbrian Nequinum (later Narnia, after the Roman conquest) and was the birthplace of Pope John XIII (10th century), the Roman emperor Nerva (1st century), and the condottiere Erasmo da Narni

The Chronicles of Narnia, a series of seven children’s books by C.S. Lewis: The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe (1950), Prince Caspian (1951), The Voyage of the Dawn Treader (1952), The Silver Chair (1953), The Horse and His Boy (1954), The Magician’s Nephew (1955), and The Last Battle (1956).

Korea Space Launch Vehicle-1 (KSLV-1), series of South Korean launch vehicles that were designed to launch Earth-orbiting satellites and that brought South Korea into the club of space nations. The KSLV-1 is 33 metres (108 feet) tall and 3.9 metres (12.8 feet) in diameter. It has two stages: a

Naro-Fominsk, city and centre of a rayon (sector), Moscow oblast (region), western Russia, on the Nara River southwest of the capital. It was formed in 1926 from three villages and textile centres. The town Fominsk was totally destroyed in World War II but later reemerged with its cotton-based

Belarus: Drainage: Among the largest lakes are Narach, Osveyskoye, and Drysvyaty.

Aleksandŭr Tsankov: …leader of the conservative group National Concord (Naroden Zgovor), which conspired to overthrow the radical peasant dictatorship of Aleksandŭr Stamboliyski.

Narodna Odbrana, Serbian nationalist organization, founded in 1908, that gathered recruits from Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia, and Croatia and tried to foment an anti-Habsburg revolution in Bosnia. Although it officially transformed itself into a cultural society in 1909, it continued its clandestine

Sergey Gennadiyevich Nechayev: …small secret revolutionary group, the People’s Retribution (Russian: Narodnaya Rasprava), also called the Society of the Axe, based on the principles of the Catechism and requiring its members to submit unquestioningly to the will of the leader. When I.I. Ivanov, a student member of the group, protested Nechayev’s methods, Nechayev…

Narodnaya Volya, 19th-century Russian revolutionary organization that regarded terrorist activities as the best means of forcing political reform and overthrowing the tsarist autocracy. Narodnaya Volya was organized in 1879 by members of the revolutionary Populist party, Zemlya i Volya (“Land and

Mount Narodnaya, (“People’s Mountain”), peak of the Nether-Polar section of the Ural Mountains in west-central Russia. Rising to 6,217 feet (1,895 m), it is the highest mountain in the Urals range. Several small glaciers are found on the slopes of Narodnaya and nearby mountains. Coniferous forests

Mount Narodnaya, (“People’s Mountain”), peak of the Nether-Polar section of the Ural Mountains in west-central Russia. Rising to 6,217 feet (1,895 m), it is the highest mountain in the Urals range. Several small glaciers are found on the slopes of Narodnaya and nearby mountains. Coniferous forests

Czechoslovak history: Stalinism in Czechoslovakia: …May 30, and the new National Assembly elected Gottwald president. Antonín Zápotocký succeeded him as premier, while Rudolf Slánský retained the powerful post of secretary general of the Czechoslovak Communist Party.

Narodnik: …the name of the movement, narodnichestvo, or “populism.”

Narodnik, member of a 19th-century socialist movement in Russia who believed that political propaganda among the peasantry would lead to the awakening of the masses and, through their influence, to the liberalization of the tsarist regime. Because Russia was a predominantly agricultural country,

Bulgaria: Constitutional framework: In July 1991 the National Assembly adopted a new constitution establishing a parliamentary government and guaranteeing direct presidential elections, separation of powers, and freedom of speech, press, conscience, and religion. New laws allowed for the return of the properties that had been confiscated by the previous communist governments. Other…

narodnost, doctrine or national principle, the meaning of which has changed over the course of Russian literary criticism. Originally denoting simply literary fidelity to Russia’s distinct cultural heritage, narodnost, in the hands of radical critics such as Nikolay Dobrolyubov, came to be the

NKVD, Soviet secret police agency, a forerunner of the KGB

Ukraine: Political process: The centre-right, nationalistic Popular Movement of Ukraine, or Rukh, founded in 1989, was instrumental in the campaign for Ukrainian independence but afterward lost strength. The CPU—re-formed in 1993 after a 1991 ban on the Soviet-era CPU was lifted—retains support, mainly in the industrialized and Russophone reaches of eastern…

Aleksandr Afanasev: …is best remembered for his Narodnyye russkiye skazki (“Russian Popular Fairy Tales”), compiled between 1855 and 1864 and including more than 600 tales. His Narodnyye russkiye legendy (“Russian Popular Legends”) was banned by the government censor until 1914, and his Lyubimyye Skazki (“Beloved Fairy Tales”) collection, which included children’s stories…

Poland: Finance of Poland: The National Bank of Poland (Narodowy Bank Polski) acted as the main agent of the government’s financial policy, managing everything from the currency and money supply to wages and prices, credit, investment, and the detailed business of all state enterprises. In the late 1980s and early…

Buddhism: Sa-skya-pa, Bka’-brgyud-pa, and related schools: …them to the Indian yogi Naropa, the master of Mar-pa, the 11th-century householder-teacher, who was in turn the master of Mi-la-ras-pa (1040–1123). The school preserved a collection of songs attributed to the founder and a hagiographic account of his life. Sgam-po-pa (1079–1153), who was Mi-la-ras-pa’s greatest disciple, systematized the school’s…

Diane di Prima: …number of institutions, including the Naropa Institute in Boulder, Colo., New College of California, California College of Arts and Crafts, and the San Francisco Art Institute.

Diane di Prima: …number of institutions, including the Naropa Institute in Boulder, Colo., New College of California, California College of Arts and Crafts, and the San Francisco Art Institute.

Norodom was the king of Cambodia (1860–1904) who, under duress, placed his country under the control of the French in 1863. Norodom was the eldest son of King Duong. He was educated in Bangkok, capital of the Thai kingdom, where he studied Pāli and Sanskrit Buddhist scriptures and the sacred canons

narra, (genus Pterocarpus), genus of timber trees of the pea family (Fabaceae), native to Asia and Africa. Narra wood is primarily used for cabinetwork; it is usually red or rose colour, often variegated with yellow. The wood is hard and heavy, and the pattern of the grain and the colouring are

Narrabri, town, northeastern New South Wales, Australia. It lies along Narrabri Creek (a tributary of the Namoi River), just west of the Nandewar Range. Surveyed in 1859 and declared a municipality in 1883, Narrabri derives its name from an Aboriginal word meaning “big creek” and “forked sticks.”

Narraganset, Algonquian-speaking North American Indian tribe that originally occupied most of what is now the U.S. state of Rhode Island west of Narragansett Bay. They had eight divisions, each with a territorial chief who was in turn subject to a head chief. Their subsistence depended on the

Narraganset, Algonquian-speaking North American Indian tribe that originally occupied most of what is now the U.S. state of Rhode Island west of Narragansett Bay. They had eight divisions, each with a territorial chief who was in turn subject to a head chief. Their subsistence depended on the

Narragansett, town (township), southeastern Washington county, southern Rhode Island, U.S., at the entrance to Narragansett Bay. The Pettaquamscutt River (north) and Point Judith Pond (south) form the western boundary of the town, which includes the village of Narragansett Pier and the fishing

Narragansett Bay, inlet of the North Atlantic Ocean extending northward from Rhode Island Sound for 28 miles (45 km) into Rhode Island, U.S., and almost dividing the state into two parts. The bay is 3 to 12 miles wide and receives the Blackstone, Pawtuxet, Taunton, and Woonasquatucket rivers. It

Washington, county, southwestern Rhode Island, U.S. It is bordered by Connecticut to the west, Narragansett Bay to the east, and Block Island Sound to the south and includes Block Island south of the mainland. The Pawcatuck River flows through the western portion of the county and defines the

basketball: The early years: In 1893 the Narragansett Machinery Co. of Providence, Rhode Island, marketed a hoop of iron with a hammock style of basket. Originally a ladder, then a pole, and finally a chain fastened to the bottom of the net was used to retrieve a ball after a goal had…

harness racing: Early history.: …fuses the blood of the Narragansett pacer, a saddle horse that disappeared by 1850, and the Canuck of French Canada. The trotter began in the East, but the great growth of the pacer was in the Midwest and South, primarily in Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, and Tennessee. Before the pacer attained…

Narrandera, town, south-central New South Wales, Australia. It lies on the Murrumbidgee River. The site was settled in 1863 as a livestock station, and the settlement was proclaimed a town in 1880. The name Narrandera is Aboriginal, meaning “place of lizards.” Gazetted a borough in 1885, it was

Johannes Fabricius: He did so in his Narratio de maculis in sole observatis et apparente earum cum sole conversione (1611; “Account of Spots Observed on the Sun and of Their Apparent Rotation with the Sun”). The son of the astronomer David Fabricius, Johannes used a camera obscura as well as a telescope…

Nicolaus Copernicus: Copernicus’s astronomical work: …was first published, in the Narratio prima (1540 and 1541, “First Narration”), it was not under Copernicus’s own name but under that of the 25-year-old Georg Rheticus. Rheticus, a Lutheran from the University of Wittenberg, Germany, stayed with Copernicus at Frauenburg for about two and a half years, between 1539…

motion-picture technology: Dialogue: …from photography is narration or commentary. Although images may be edited to fit the commentary, as in a documentary using primarily archival footage, most narration is added as a separate track and mixed like sound effects and music.

motion-picture technology: Dialogue: …recorded separately from photography is narration or commentary. Although images may be edited to fit the commentary, as in a documentary using primarily archival footage, most narration is added as a separate track and mixed like sound effects and music.

Melanie Klein: …work, published posthumously in 1961, Narrative of a Child Analysis, was based on detailed notes taken during 1941.

Typee, first novel by Herman Melville, published in London in 1846 as Narrative of a Four Months’ Residence Among the Natives of a Valley of the Marquesas Islands. Initially regarded as a travel narrative, the novel is based on Melville’s monthlong adventure as a guest-captive of the Typee people,

Canadian literature: From settlement to 1900: …naval expedition to the Arctic, Narrative of a Journey to the Shores of the Polar Sea (1823), and his mysterious disappearance during a subsequent journey reemerged in the 20th century in the writing of authors Margaret Atwood and Rudy Wiebe. A Narrative of the Adventures and Sufferings of John R.…

David Livingstone: The Zambezi expedition of David Livingstone: …Charles, wrote his second book, Narrative of an Expedition to the Zambesi and Its Tributaries (1865). Livingstone was advised at this time to have a surgical operation for the hemorrhoids that had troubled him since his first great African journey. He refused, and it is probable that severe bleeding hemorrhoids…

At the Mountains of Madness: …particularly to Poe’s 1838 novel The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym, from which Lovecraft borrowed liberally. Lovecraft’s horror tends to be implied and offstage, but this effectively deepens the abounding philosophical horror felt by the protagonists. This intriguing blend of gothic horror and lost-world scenarios within a more modern genre…

Henry Box Brown: …published in September 1849 the Narrative of Henry Box Brown, Who Escaped from Slavery Enclosed in a Box 3 Feet Long and 2 Wide. Stearns presented the book as a semi-autobiographical account of Brown’s life, written partly in Brown’s voice and partly in his own. The Narrative of Henry Box…

Vasily Mikhaylovich Golovnin: His Narrative of My Captivity in Japan 1811–1813 (1816) stimulated an interest in Japan throughout the United States and Europe. In 1817, again by government order, Golovnin set out to circumnavigate the globe. Enroute he continued to map the Kuril Islands and Kamchatka coasts. Golovnin later…

Sojourner Truth: …selling copies of her book, The Narrative of Sojourner Truth, which she had dictated to Olive Gilbert.

Canadian literature: From settlement to 1900: A Narrative of the Adventures and Sufferings of John R. Jewitt (1815) is a captivity narrative that describes Jewitt’s experience as a prisoner of the Nootka (Nuu-chah-nulth) chief Maquinna after Jewitt was shipwrecked off Canada’s west coast; on the whole, it presents a sympathetic ethnography…

Francis Rawdon Chesney: (1850), and Narrative of the Euphrates Expedition (1868).

Watkin Tench: …he published in London A Narrative of the Expedition to Botany Bay, in which he described his voyage and life in the settlement. An immediate popular success, the book went into three editions and was translated into several languages. He sailed for Europe in 1791, and his Complete Account of…

African American literature: Slave narratives: The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself (1845; read excerpts here) gained the most attention, establishing Frederick Douglass as the leading African American man of letters of his time. By predicating his struggle for freedom on his solitary pursuit…

African American literature: Slave narratives: The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself (1845; read excerpts here) gained the most attention, establishing Frederick Douglass as the leading African American man of letters of his time. By predicating his struggle for freedom on his solitary pursuit…

Henry Box Brown: …second version of Brown’s autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Henry Box Brown, Written by Himself, was published in England. Despite its title, Brown did not write the second Narrative himself, though it presents a fuller account of his life and contains details that only he could have provided. The…

William Bligh: In his Narrative of the Mutiny, published a few months after his return to England, Bligh argued that the hedonistic delights of the South Seas were the cause of the mutiny. Christian’s brother Edward, a professor of law at the University of Cambridge, replied in a pamphlet…

Garnet Wolseley, 1st Viscount Wolseley: …deeds are described in his Narrative of the War with China in 1860 (1862).

Tokiwa Mitsunaga: …to have painted the “Narrative Scroll of Ban Dainagon,” extant today, illustrating the story of the downfall of Tomo Yoshio (Ban Dainagon), the chief councillor of state who lived in the first half of the 9th century. Executed on three scrolls with precise line drawing and brilliant colours, it…

narratology, in literary theory, the study of narrative structure. Narratology looks at what narratives have in common and what makes one different from another. Like structuralism and semiotics, from which it derived, narratology is based on the idea of a common literary language, or a universal

narrator, one who tells a story. In a work of fiction the narrator determines the story’s point of view. If the narrator is a full participant in the story’s action, the narrative is said to be in the first person. A story told by a narrator who is not a character in the story is a third-person

Das Narrenschiff, long poem by Sebastian Brant, published in 1494. It was published in English as The Ship of Fools. The work concerns the incidents on a ship carrying more than 100 people to Narragonia, the fools’ paradise, and is an unsparing, bitter, and sweeping satire, especially of the

Narrogin, town, southwestern Western Australia. It is situated on the Great Southern Highway and near the Albany Highway, approximately 120 miles (190 km) southeast of Perth. Sheepherders were the first non-Aboriginal people to settle the area, in the mid-19th century. The town developed in the

lady fern: …common lady fern (Athyrium filix-femina), narrow lady fern (A. angustum), and southern lady fern (A. asplenioides).

Richard Fleischer: Early life and work: Fleischer enjoyed further success with The Narrow Margin (1952), one of the best noirs of its day. The taut thriller centers on a policeman (McGraw) who is escorting a gangster’s widow (Marie Windsor) from Chicago to Los Angeles, where she is scheduled to testify before a grand jury. The train…

Francis Selormey: …and teacher whose semiautobiographical novel, The Narrow Path: An African Childhood (1966), was hailed as a distinguished addition to African literature.

The Narrow Road to the Deep North, travel account written by Japanese haiku master Bashō as Oku no hosomichi (“The Narrow Road to Oku”), published in 1694. This poetic travelogue, considered one of the greatest works of classical Japanese literature, was begun in 1689 when Bashō sold his home

Australian literature: Literature in the 21st century: …11, 2001, attacks, and his The Narrow Road to the Deep North (2013) was much praised for its brutally stark depiction of the life of a prisoner of war during World War II. Fear of terrorism in the post-September 11 world is central in Janette Turner Hospital’s political thrillers Due…

Death Cab for Cutie: …Death Cab for Cutie released Narrow Stairs, a darker album that hit number one on the Billboard charts in its first week of release and featured the single “I Will Possess Your Heart.” After The Open Door EP (2009), the band recorded Codes and Keys (2011), which focused on keyboards…

vowel: To form a narrow vowel, the tongue root is retracted toward the pharyngeal wall, and the pharynx is narrowed. To form a wide vowel, the tongue root is advanced so that the pharynx is expanded. Tense and lax are less clearly defined terms. Tense vowels are articulated with…

tody: The fifth, the narrow-billed tody (T. angustirostris), is found only on Hispaniola. About 9 to 12 cm (3.5 to 5 inches) long, all have grass-green backs and bright red bibs. They dig tiny nest burrows in sandbanks and feed on insects, caught on the wing.

rush: …reed mace and cattail, is Typha angustifolia, belonging to the family Typhaceae; its stems and leaves are used in North India for ropes, mats, and baskets. The horsetail genus (Equisetum) is called scouring rush, or Dutch rush, because the plants’ silica-laden stalks are used for scouring metal and other hard…

Strelitziaceae: Genera and species: The rush-leaved strelitzia, or narrow-leaved bird-of-paradise, (S. juncea) has long needlelike leaves and is somewhat frost resistant.

narrow-mouthed toad, any amphibian of the family Microhylidae, which includes 10 subfamilies and more than 60 genera and more than 300 species. Narrow-mouthed toads are found in North and South America, Africa, Asia, and Australia. Many are small, stocky, and smooth skinned with short legs, small

siren: …to northern Florida, and the narrow-striped dwarf siren (P. axanthus) inhabits similar habitat across peninsular Florida. Adult dwarf sirens are about 10–22 cm (3.9–8.7 inches) long.

coleopteran: Annotated classification: Family Salpingidae (narrow-waisted bark beetles) Superficial resemblance to Carabidae (ground beetles); adults and larvae predatory; adults occur under rocks, or bark, in leaf litter, on vegetation; few species but widely distributed; examples Salpingus, Lissodema. Family Scraptiidae About 200 species widely distributed; associated with

mobile telephone: Development of cellular systems: …in 1991, was known as narrowband AMPS, or NAMPS. In NAMPS systems each existing 30-kilohertz voice channel was split into three 10-kilohertz channels. Thus, in place of the 832 channels available in AMPS systems, the NAMPS system offered 2,496 channels. A second approach, developed by a committee of the Telecommunications…

arnica: Narrowleaf arnica (A. angustifolia) of Arctic Asia and America has orange-yellow flower heads 5–7 cm (2–2.5 inches) across and is a protected species in some countries.

firethorn: Common species: Of similar height are the narrowleaf firethorn (P. angustifolia), Gibb’s firethorn (P. atalantioides), and the Chinese firethorn (P. fortuneana), all of which are from China and bear clusters of scarlet fruits. The Formosa firethorn (P. koidzumii), from Taiwan, is densely branched, with red-purple young twigs and orange-scarlet fruit. The Himalayan,…

Ann Petry: Her third novel, The Narrows (1953), is the story of Link Williams, a Dartmouth-educated black man who tends bar in the black section of Monmouth, Conn., and of his tragic love affair with a rich white woman. Although often criticized for its melodramatic plot, it has been lauded…