nitrogen (N), nonmetallic element of Group 15 [Va] of the periodic table. It is a colourless, odourless, tasteless gas that is the most plentiful element in Earth’s atmosphere and is a constituent of all living matter. atomic number 7 atomic weight 14.0067 melting point −209.86 °C (−345.8 °F)

n, fourteenth letter of the alphabet. In all known alphabets the letter has stood in close connection with m, the particular form of one being generally reflected in the other. The Semitic form nun (originally probably meaning “fish”) and the Greek nu (Ν) are its predecessors. The form evolved from

metalogic: Example of a formal system: …of metalogic, a formal system N (with its formal language) may be considered for illustration.

newton, absolute unit of force in the International System of Units (SI units), abbreviated N. It is defined as that force necessary to provide a mass of one kilogram with an acceleration of one metre per second per second. One newton is equal to a force of 100,000 dynes in the

n, fourteenth letter of the alphabet. In all known alphabets the letter has stood in close connection with m, the particular form of one being generally reflected in the other. The Semitic form nun (originally probably meaning “fish”) and the Greek nu (Ν) are its predecessors. The form evolved from

celestial mechanics: The n-body problem: The general problem of n bodies, where n is greater than three, has been attacked vigorously with numerical techniques on powerful computers. Celestial mechanics in the solar system is ultimately an n-body problem, but the special configurations and relative smallness of the perturbations…

Republic of the Congo: Agriculture, forestry, and fishing: …introduction in the 1960s of n’dama cattle, a breed resistant to the tsetse fly.

Guinea-Bissau: Independence of Guinea-Bissau: António N’djai, and former naval chief, Rear Adm. José Americo Bubo Na Tchuto, who had been involved in a previous coup attempt and was one of the country’s high-ranking officials allegedly involved in drug trafficking. In October 2010 Sanhá surprised many with his decision to…

N’Djamena, city, capital of Chad, located on the country’s southwestern border, adjacent to Cameroon. It lies on the east bank of the Chari River at its confluence with the Logone River, in an alluvial plain that is flooded during the rainy season (July–September). The city was founded in 1900

Chad: Education of Chad: The University of N’Djamena (formerly the University of Chad), founded in 1971, offers higher education, and some Chad students study abroad.

Youssou N’Dour is a Senegalese singer known for his extraordinary vocal range and for introducing international audiences to mbalax—a Senegalese popular music style that blends Wolof traditional instrumental and vocal forms primarily with Cuban and other Latin American popular genres. He served as

Ngaoundéré, town located in north-central Cameroon. It is situated on the Adamawa Plateau. Ngaoundéré is the northern terminus of the Trans-Cameroon Railway to Yaoundé and Douala and lies on the major north-south road from Garoua to Bertoua and Yaoundé; by those routes it exports livestock and

Ngaoundéré, town located in north-central Cameroon. It is situated on the Adamawa Plateau. Ngaoundéré is the northern terminus of the Trans-Cameroon Railway to Yaoundé and Douala and lies on the major north-south road from Garoua to Bertoua and Yaoundé; by those routes it exports livestock and

Bambara: …African peoples, use the distinctive N’ko alphabet, which reads from right to left. They have a remarkable system of metaphysics and cosmology, encompassing associated animistic cults, prayers, and myths. Their religious sculptures in wood and metal are renowned.

Nkongsamba, town located in western Cameroon. Nkongsamba lies at the foot of Mount Manengouba (7,861 feet [2,396 metres]). The French agricultural policy of intensive exploitation contributed to the town’s growth in the 20th century. It is the terminus of the railway from Douala and has road

Yves Thériault: …live by ancestral customs; and N’Tsuk (1968), the life story of a 100-year-old Inuit woman. Thériault’s works were widely translated and won him many awards.

amine: Nomenclature of amines: ethyl(propyl)amine), CH3CH2NHCH2CH2CH3; and tributylamine, (CH3CH2CH2CH2)3N. Two or more groups cited are in alphabetical order; to clarify which groups are attached to nitrogen rather than to each other, Ns or internal parentheses are used. A few aromatic amines and most cyclic amines have trivial (nonsystematic) names (e.g., aniline, C6H5NH2),…

chemoreception: Altering pest behaviour: …the compound commercially known as DEET to repel biting arthropods, especially mosquitoes and ticks. The active ingredient is N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, which is mixed with other compounds to produce appropriate patterns of release in different circumstances. While DEET generally is effective against insects, there is evidence that several species, including the mosquito…

DMT, powerful, naturally occurring hallucinogenic compound structurally related to the drug LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide). DMT blocks the action of serotonin (a transmitter of nerve impulses) in brain tissue. It is inactive when taken by mouth and produces effects only when injected, sniffed, or

fentanyl, synthetic narcotic analgesic drug, the most potent narcotic in clinical use (50 to 100 times more potent than morphine). The citrate salt, fentanyl citrate, is administered by injection, either intramuscularly or intravenously, sometimes in combination with a potent tranquilizer. The

poison: Plant growth regulator: Daminozide, also known as Alar, is a plant growth regulator used to improve the appearance and shelf life of apples. Because of its carcinogenicity in animals (Table 1), concerns have been raised that daminozide may produce tumours in children who consume apples. As a result, the use of daminozide…

glyphosate, herbicide used to control grasses and broad-leaved weeds. Glyphosate is highly effective in managing noxious weeds and is widely used in the production of fruits, grains, nuts, and vegetables. It is the active ingredient in various commercial weed-killing formulations, including those

Northrop Grumman Corporation: …development and marketing of the N-156 (first flown in 1959), a lightweight, supersonic jet fighter built for simple maintenance and economy of operation. As the T-38 Talon, it became a standard trainer for the U.S. Air Force, and in its F-5 Freedom Fighter and F-5E Tiger II versions it was…

acetaminophen, drug used in the treatment of mild pain, such as headache and pain in joints and muscles, and to reduce fever. Acetaminophen is the major metabolite of acetanilid and phenacetin, which were once commonly used drugs, and is responsible for their analgesic (pain-relieving) effects.

narcotic: Treatment for addiction: nalorphine. They are used to reverse the effects of an overdose of narcotics, and they can often save the life of the victim. Naloxone can be given by injection or administered as a nasal spray.

celestial mechanics: The n-body problem: The general problem of n bodies, where n is greater than three, has been attacked vigorously with numerical techniques on powerful computers. Celestial mechanics in the solar system is ultimately an n-body problem, but the special configurations and relative smallness of the perturbations…

liquid: Partial miscibility: …the solubility (weight percent) of n-butyl alcohol in water is 6.5 percent, whereas that of water in n-butyl alcohol is 22.4 percent. At 127° C, the upper consolute temperature, complete miscibility is attained: above 127° C the two liquids mix in all proportions, but below 127° C they show a…

cancer: Invasion and metastasis: …cell-to-cell adhesion in epithelium, and N-cadherin, which favours cell migration, have been found to be under expressed and overexpressed in invading cancer cells. In addition, a series of important control circuits that operate at the cellular level during the normal development of the embryo and in wound healing are exploited…

carboxylic acid: Saturated aliphatic acids: …from C12 to C18 (lauric, myristic, palmitic, and stearic), are present in the fats and oils of many animals and plants, with palmitic and stearic acids being the most prevalent. Lauric acid (C12) is the main acid in coconut oil (45–50 percent) and palm kernel oil (45–55 percent). Nutmeg…

carboxylic acid: Saturated aliphatic acids: to C18 (lauric, myristic, palmitic, and stearic), are present in the fats and oils of many animals and plants, with palmitic and stearic acids being the most prevalent. Lauric acid (C12) is the main acid in coconut oil (45–50 percent) and palm kernel oil (45–55 percent). Nutmeg butter is…

antimicrobial agent: Antiseptics and germicides: …creosote, while such bisphenols as hexyl resorcinol and hexachlorophene are widely used as antiseptic agents in soaps. Chlorine and iodine are both extremely effective agents and can be used in high dilution. Chlorine is widely used in the disinfection of drinking-water supplies, and among its derivatives, the hypochlorite solutions (e.g.,…

nervous system: Amino acids: …excitatory amino acid receptors, the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor has been thoroughly characterized. Patch-clamp studies show that this receptor is influenced by the presence of magnesium ions (Mg2+). In the absence of Mg2+, activated NMDA receptors open nonspecific cationic channels with no variation when the voltage is changed. With Mg2+…

stearic acid, one of the most common long-chain fatty acids, found in combined form in natural animal and vegetable fats. Commercial “stearic acid” is a mixture of approximately equal amounts of stearic and palmitic acids and small amounts of oleic acid. It is employed in the manufacture of

electronics: Using n-p-n transistors: A typical configuration is the n-p-n transistor (see figure), which has different levels of doping in the two n-type regions and other features that improve its efficiency; in the design shown in the diagram, the n-p-n regions correspond to the source (or emitter), gate (or base), and drain (or

acetaminophen, drug used in the treatment of mild pain, such as headache and pain in joints and muscles, and to reduce fever. Acetaminophen is the major metabolite of acetanilid and phenacetin, which were once commonly used drugs, and is responsible for their analgesic (pain-relieving) effects.

acetaminophen, drug used in the treatment of mild pain, such as headache and pain in joints and muscles, and to reduce fever. Acetaminophen is the major metabolite of acetanilid and phenacetin, which were once commonly used drugs, and is responsible for their analgesic (pain-relieving) effects.

game theory: N-person games: Theoretically, n-person games in which the players are not allowed to communicate and make binding agreements are not fundamentally different from two-person noncooperative games. In the two examples that follow, each involving three players, one looks for Nash equilibria—that is, stable outcomes from…

chemical industry: Other alcohols: …is called n-propyl alcohol (or 1-propanol), the other isopropyl alcohol (or 2-propanol).

naval warfare: The age of steam and big gun: …what were called the “N-square law” and the “square law of attrition”: success would build on itself, so that any small advantage at the outset of an engagement would compound in favour of the superior force. With long-range gunnery, the advantage accrued fleet-wide, not merely ship by ship as…

carboxylic acid: Saturated aliphatic acids: …from C12 to C18 (lauric, myristic, palmitic, and stearic), are present in the fats and oils of many animals and plants, with palmitic and stearic acids being the most prevalent. Lauric acid (C12) is the main acid in coconut oil (45–50 percent) and palm kernel oil (45–55 percent). Nutmeg butter…

N-Town plays, an English cycle of 42 scriptural (or “mystery”) plays dating from the second half of the 15th century and so called because an opening proclamation refers to performance “in N. town.” Since evidence suggests that the cycle was not peculiar to one city or community but traveled from

crystal: Conducting properties of semiconductors: …a preponderance of holes; an n-type semiconductor has a preponderance of conduction electrons. The symbols p and n come from the sign of the charge of the particles: positive for holes and negative for electrons.

stellar classification: …cool stars include R and N (often called C-type, or carbon stars: less than 3,000 K), and S, which resemble class M stars but have spectral bands of zirconium oxide prominent instead of those of titanium oxide.

Pharrell Williams: …Shay to form the band N.E.R.D. The collaboration resulted in four eclectic albums of rhythm and blues, rap, pop, and rock music: In Search of… (2002), Fly or Die (2004), Seeing Sounds (2008), and Nothing (2010). Williams also struck out on his own with the 2003 single “Frontin’ ” and…

Banana Yoshimoto: …producing the novels NP (1990; N.P.), Amurita (1994; Amrita), and Hādoboirudo/hādorakku (1999; Hardboiled & Hard Luck). The phenomenal appeal of Yoshimoto’s work was not always evident to English-language critics, some of whom—reading her work in translation and unfamiliar with Japanese culture—called her writing superficial and simplistic and her characters unbelievable.…

Robert Smith Surtees: …as publisher, he launched the New Sporting Magazine (N.S.M.), editing it until 1836. His novels appeared as serials in the N.S.M. or elsewhere or in monthly parts before final publication in book form, and these first and last dates are given after their titles. Jorrocks’ Jaunts and Jollities (1831, 1838),…

Francis Wayland Ayer: advertising pioneer who founded N.W. Ayer & Son and revolutionized that industry by making the advertising firm an active agent for the advertiser, rather than a middleman selling a newspaper’s space to the advertiser.

N.W.A, American hip-hop group from Compton, California, whose popular, controversial music included explicit references to gang life, drugs, sex, and distaste for authority, especially the police. Its five core members were Eazy-E (byname of Eric Wright; b. September 7, 1964, Compton, California,

N1, Soviet launch vehicle. In the early 1960s, Soviet designers began work on the N1, which was originally designed to undertake journeys that would require true heavy-lift capability (that is, the ability to lift more than 80,000 kg [176,000 pounds] to low Earth orbit). When the Soviet Union in

sodium (Na), chemical element of the alkali metal group (Group 1 [Ia]) of the periodic table. Sodium is a very soft silvery-white metal. Sodium is the most common alkali metal and the sixth most abundant element on Earth, comprising 2.8 percent of Earth’s crust. It occurs abundantly in nature in

new religious movement: Korea: …Tangun Cult, was formulated by Na Chul. The postwar period sparked not only Christian churches—almost 50 percent of Koreans are Christian—but the development of radical forms of Christianity and quasi-Christianity. David Yonggi Cho’s Yoido Full Gospel Church in Seoul is the world’s largest congregation, with more than 700,000 parishioners. It…

The Lower Depths, drama in four acts by Maxim Gorky, performed in 1902 and published in the same year as Na dne. The play is set in the late 19th century in a dilapidated flophouse and examines society’s outcasts. The denizens of the rooming house are unexpectedly—and, as it turns out,

Ivo Andrić: …and Na Drini ćuprija (1945; The Bridge on the Drina)—are concerned with the history of Bosnia.

Constance Markievicz: The following year she formed Na Fianna Éireann (Soldiers of Ireland), a republican organization loosely based on the Boy Scouts, in which young boys were trained to be nationalist soldiers.

Yevgeny Zamyatin: …satire of provincial life, and Na kulichkakh (1914; “At the World’s End”), an attack on military life that was condemned by tsarist censors. Zamyatin was brought to trial, and, although acquitted, he stopped writing for some time. During World War I he was in England supervising the building of Russian…

Emir Kusturica: The 21st century: …with Na mlečnom putu (“On the Milky Road”), in which he also starred, with Monica Bellucci. Two years later he helmed El Pepe, una vida suprema (El Pepe, A Supreme Life), a documentary about Uruguayan Pres. José Mujica.

Kazimierz Tetmajer: …tales Na skalnym Podhalu (1903–10; Tales of the Tatras), written almost entirely in the local dialect, is considered his best work. Based in part on ancient legends of the Tatra Mountains area, these colourful stories describe the mountaineers, their violent lives, and their intense love of freedom.

Guinea-Bissau: Independence of Guinea-Bissau: José Americo Bubo Na Tchuto, who had been involved in a previous coup attempt and was one of the country’s high-ranking officials allegedly involved in drug trafficking. In October 2010 Sanhá surprised many with his decision to reinstate Na Tchuto as naval chief, a decision…

Na-Dené languages, major grouping (phylum or superstock) of North American Indian languages, consisting of three language families—Athabascan (or Athapascan), Haida, and Tlingit—with a total of 22 languages. Of these languages 20 belong to the Athabascan family; they are spoken in the Northwest

Naxi, ethnic group of China who live mainly in Yunnan and Sichuan provinces; some live in Tibet. They speak a Tibeto-Burman language that is closely related to that of the Yi and were estimated in the early 21st century to number more than 300,000. The Naxi have two indigenous writing systems:

athletics: Modern development: …formation in 1879 of the National Association of Amateur Athletes of America (NAAAA) to conduct national championships. Nine years later the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) took over as national governing body, amid reports that the NAAAA was lax in enforcing amateurism.

Germany: Drainage of Germany: …are the Altmühl and the Naab, which follow a southerly direction until becoming north-bank tributaries of the Danube, and the Havel, which flows south, west, and north before emptying into the Elbe River. River flow relates mainly to climate, albeit not in a simple way; for example, in all but…

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), interracial American organization created to work for the abolition of segregation and discrimination in housing, education, employment, voting, and transportation; to oppose racism; and to ensure African Americans their

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People: …the civil rights movement the NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund, which litigated to the Supreme Court Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, the case that resulted in the high court’s landmark 1954 school-desegregation decision. The organization had also won a significant victory in 1946, with Morgan v. Virginia,…

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People: …the civil rights movement the NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund, which litigated to the Supreme Court Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, the case that resulted in the high court’s landmark 1954 school-desegregation decision. The organization had also won a significant victory in 1946, with Morgan v. Virginia,…

Mongolia: Sports and recreation: …“three games of men” (eriin gurvan naadam), the main components of the annual national festival beginning on July 11—the date previously observed as the anniversary of the Mongolian revolution. In Qing times these ancient games (naadam) were held every three years and accompanied a Tibetan Buddhist ritual for the…

North American Free Trade Agreement: Provisions: …problems were addressed in the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), which created the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in 1994.

Adoor Gopalakrishnan: …films included Naalu Pennungal (2007; Four Women), which was based on short stories by the Indian writer Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai, and the family drama Pinneyum (2016; Once Again). Eau/Ganga (1985; “Water/Ganges”), an impressionistic work about the Ganges (Ganga) River, is one of his many documentaries.

DSM, state-owned Dutch chemical company. Until 1975 the company was known as DSM NV Nederlandse Staatsmijnen (the Dutch State Mine Company). The major shareholder is the Netherlands government. Headquarters are in Heerlen, Neth. Following World War II, the chemical industry was one of the

naan, teardrop-shaped, leavened flatbread traditionally baked in a tandoor oven (a beehive-shaped clay oven) or on wood charcoal. Although still a staple of South Asian and Middle Eastern cuisines—and especially associated with Indian cuisine—the versatility and flavor of naan have led to its

Gemini Ganesan: …his best performance was in Naan avanillai (1974; “I Am Not He”), his own production, in which, as a seducer of women, he played many roles. Although this film was not a commercial success, it won him high critical acclaim. His last significant screen appearance was in Avvai shanmugi (1996),…

National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), in the United States, allowable levels of harmful air pollutants set by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in accordance with the Clean Air Act (CAA). The CAA established two types of standards for ambient air quality. Primary standards concern

When We Dead Awaken, play in three acts by Henrik Ibsen, published in Norwegian in 1899 as Naar vi døde vaagner and produced in 1900. Ibsen’s last play and his most confessional work, it is an examination of the problem that had obsessed him throughout his career: the struggle between art and life.

Naas, market and garrison town (urban district) and county seat of County Kildare, Ireland. Naas was one of the royal seats of the ancient province of Leinster, and St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland, is said to have visited it. After the Anglo-Norman invasion (12th century and following), a

Richard Southwell Bourke, 6th earl of Mayo was an Irish politician and civil servant best known for his service as viceroy of India, where he improved relations with Afghanistan, conducted the first census, turned a deficit budget into a surplus, and created a department for agriculture and

Bandung Conference: …and Bandung to launch the New Asian-African Strategic Partnership (NAASP). They pledged to promote political, economic, and cultural cooperation between the two continents.

National Association of Broadcasters (NAB), trade association that supports and advances the interests of the commercial broadcasting industry in the United States. The National Association of Broadcasters (NAB), headquartered in Washington, D.C., represents the interests of thousands of local

Keshab Chunder Sen: …a new society—Naba Bidhan, or Nava Vidhana (“New Dispensation”)—continuing to preach a mixture of Hindu philosophy and Christian theology. He revived many ancient Vedic practices and sent 12 disciples to preach under a flag bearing a crescent, a cross, and a trident, the respective symbols of Islam, Christianity, and Shaivism…

Alphonse Daudet: Life: …that he analyzed mercilessly in Le Nabab (1877; “The Nabob”). In January 1867 he married Julia Allard, herself a writer of talent, with whom he was deeply in love and who gave him great help in his subsequent work. They had two sons, Léon and Lucien, and a daughter, Edmée.

Nabadwip, city, southeastern West Bengal state, northeastern India. It lies at the confluence of the Bhagirathi and Jalangi rivers. The Bhagirathi River has shifted its course, cutting the city off from the rest of the surrounding area. Reputedly founded in 1063, the town served as the ancient

eastern Africa: The Shirazi migration: The Nabahani, who were of Omani origin, ruled at Pate and were well-represented in Pemba as well. Coastal society derived a certain unity by its participation in a single trading network, by a common adherence to Islam, and by the ties of blood and marriage among…

mechanics of solids: Dislocations: …by South African materials scientist F.R.N. Nabarro in the early 1950s, were quickly adapted by seismologists to explain the radiation from propagating slip distributions on faults. The Japanese seismologist H. Nakano had already shown in 1923 how to represent the distant waves radiated by an earthquake as the elastodynamic response…

Nabataean, member of a people of ancient Arabia whose settlements lay in the borderlands between Syria and Arabia, from the Euphrates River to the Red Sea. Little is known about them before 312 bc, when they were unsuccessfully attacked by Demetrius I Poliorcetes, king of Macedonia, in their

Aramaic language: West Aramaic dialects include Nabataean (formerly spoken in parts of Arabia), Palmyrene (spoken in Palmyra, which was northeast of Damascus), Palestinian-Christian, and Judeo-Aramaic. West Aramaic is still spoken in a small number of villages in Syria.

Nabataean alphabet, writing system used between approximately 150 bc and ad 150 in the Nabataean kingdom of Petra in the Arabian Peninsula. Used by the Nabataeans to write the Aramaic language, this alphabet was related to the Aramaic alphabet, one of the major Semitic scripts. The Nabataean script

Saudi Arabia: The arts: Native Bedouin poetry, known as nabaṭī, is extremely popular. It has similarities to the classical qaṣīdah, or ode, of which the central and eastern regions of the country are the traditional birthplace. Many of the great masters of pre-Islamic Arabic poetry dwelt in what is now Saudi Arabia, and the…

Al-Nabaṭiyyah al-Taḥtā, town, southern Lebanon. It is the major centre of tobacco growing in Lebanon. Other agricultural products are grapes, olives, figs, and grains. Most of the inhabitants of the town are Shīʿite Muslims. A main road crosses the region connecting Al-Nabaṭiyyah al-Taḥtā to Sidon

Thomas Nabbes was an English dramatist and writer of verse, one of a number of lesser playwrights of the period. He is perhaps best known for his masques. Nabbes attended Exeter College, Oxford, in 1621, but he left the university without taking a degree. He began his writing career in London in

Leo Tolstoy: First publications of Leo Tolstoy: …Caucasus, including “Nabeg” (1853; “The Raid”) and his three sketches about the Siege of Sevastopol during the Crimean War: “Sevastopol v dekabre mesyatse” (“Sevastopol in December”), “Sevastopol v maye” (“Sevastopol in May”), and “Sevastopol v avguste 1855 goda” (“Sevastopol in August”; all published 1855–56). The first sketch, which deals…

John Naber is an American swimmer who won four gold medals—all in world-record time—and a silver at the 1976 Olympics in Montreal. Primarily a specialist in the backstroke, Naber competed at the University of Southern California, where he won 15 collegiate championships. He won three gold medals at

Naberezhnye Chelny, city, Tatarstan, west-central Russia, on the left bank of the Kama River. The city is best known for its Kamaz truck plant, among the world’s largest. Also located at Naberezhnye Chelny is the Lower Kama hydroelectric station. Because of these developments, Naberezhnye Chelny

Imari ware: …such overglaze enameled wares as Nabeshima, Kakiemon, and Old Imari.

Nabeul, town in northeastern Tunisia located on the Gulf of Hammamet. Formerly a Phoenician settlement, it was destroyed by the Romans in 146 bce and later rebuilt as a Roman colony called Neapolis. It is a noted pottery and ceramics handicraft centre and the eastern terminus of a railroad from

Nabha, town, southeastern Punjab state, northwestern India. It is located some 16 miles (26 km) west and slightly north of Patiala. Nabha (founded 1755) was the capital of the princely state of Nabha, established in 1763 and composed of 12 scattered territories claimed by a member of the Sikh

Turkish literature: Movements and poets: …the later 17th century was Nâbî, a provincial notable who became an intimate of the second vizier, Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Paşa, and eventually served as his chancery secretary. In his youth Nâbî attracted the notice of Nâʾilî, the most eminent poet of his time. Nâbî’s fame rests mainly on his…

Bahrain: Land: …islands in the group are Nabī Ṣāliḥ, Al-Muḥammadiyyah (Umm al-Ṣabbān), Umm al-Naʿsān (linked by the King Fahd Causeway), and Jiddah. The second group consists of the Ḥawār Islands, which are situated near the coast of Qatar, about 12 miles (19 km) southeast of Bahrain Island; a dispute with Qatar over…

Arabia: Land of Arabia: The peninsula’s highest peak, Al-Nabī Shuʿayb, at 12,030 feet (3,665 metres), is located approximately 20 miles northwest of Sanaa in Yemen.

Guinea-Bissau: Independence of Guinea-Bissau: …Aristides Gomes, replacing him with Nuno Gomes Nabiam, who took office on February 29. The legality of Embaló’s inauguration, however, was disputed by Pereira and the PAIGC because of the pending case with the Supreme Court, and Gomes rejected his dismissal as being unlawful. Meanwhile, the PAIGC-dominated parliament, the National…

damsel bug, (family Nabidae), any predacious insect in the true bug order, Heteroptera, that feeds on insect eggs, aphids, and small caterpillars. Damsel bugs are generally divided into two types. One is about 8 mm (0.3 inch) long and yellow-brown in colour with well-developed wings, and the second

damsel bug, (family Nabidae), any predacious insect in the true bug order, Heteroptera, that feeds on insect eggs, aphids, and small caterpillars. Damsel bugs are generally divided into two types. One is about 8 mm (0.3 inch) long and yellow-brown in colour with well-developed wings, and the second