ice hockey: Early organization: (The first winner was the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association team, which also captured the Stanley Cup the following season by winning the initial challenge series to determine the Cup holder, which was the Cup-awarding format that Lord Stanley originally intended.) Since 1926 the cup has gone to the winner of…

Montreal Aquarium, municipally owned aquarium located on St.-Helen’s Island, Montreal, Can. It was built in 1966 for Expo 67, an international exhibition that was held in the city. The aquarium complex consists of two large buildings, one of which contains exhibits of marine and freshwater fishes

Montreal Botanical Garden, botanical garden in Montreal founded in 1936 by Frère Marie-Victorin, one of the greatest of Canadian botanists. Spanning more than 75 hectares (185 acres), the Montreal Botanical Garden has approximately 20,000 plant species and cultivars under cultivation and maintains

Montreal Canadiens, Canadian professional ice hockey team based in Montreal. The oldest continually operating team in the National Hockey League (NHL), the Canadiens have won more Stanley Cup titles than any other team (24) and are the most successful franchise in league history. The Canadiens were

airport: Airport security: These…

Washington Nationals, American professional baseball team based in Washington, D.C., that plays in the National League (NL). The Nationals have won one World Series and one NL pennant (both 2019). The franchise was based in Montreal and known as the Expos (after Expo 67, the world’s fair held in

Montreal Canadiens: …the Canadiens moved into the Montreal Forum, their home stadium for 70 seasons (including 22 Stanley Cup-winning campaigns) before the team’s departure in 1996. After Montreal’s fourth Stanley Cup title, in the 1930–31 season, the Canadiens failed to win the Cup for 12 years, the team’s longest such drought of…

Montreal group, coterie of poets who precipitated a renaissance of Canadian poetry during the 1920s and ’30s by advocating a break with the traditional picturesque landscape poetry that had dominated Canadian poetry since the late 19th century. They encouraged an emulation of the realistic themes,

Major League Soccer: United, Montreal Impact, New England Revolution (based near Boston), New York City FC, New York Red Bulls, Orlando City SC, Philadelphia Union, Toronto FC. Western Conference: Colorado Rapids (based near Denver in Commerce City, Colorado), FC Dallas, Houston Dynamo,

Montreal: …Montreal occupies about three-fourths of Montreal Island (Île de Montréal), the largest of the 234 islands of the Hochelaga Archipelago, one of three archipelagoes near the confluence of the Ottawa and St. Lawrence rivers. Area 141 square miles (365 square km); metro. area, 1,644 square miles (4,259 square km). Pop.…

Canadian literature: The Montreal School, 1895–1935: By the end of the century, Montreal had become the province’s commercial metropolis, and the next literary movement was founded there by Jean Charbonneau and Louvigny de Montigny in 1895 with the École Littéraire de Montréal (Montreal Literary School). The society continued…

Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, in Montreal, Canadian art museum with outstanding collections of paintings, graphics, furniture, textiles, sculpture, and the decorative and fine arts. One of North America’s finest collections of indigenous prints and carvings and Northwest Coast Indian art is

Montreal Protocol, international treaty, adopted in Montreal on September 16, 1987, that aimed to regulate the production and use of chemicals that contribute to the depletion of Earth’s ozone layer. Initially signed by 46 countries, the treaty now has nearly 200 signatories. In the early 1970s,

Montreal Protocol, international treaty, adopted in Montreal on September 16, 1987, that aimed to regulate the production and use of chemicals that contribute to the depletion of Earth’s ozone layer. Initially signed by 46 countries, the treaty now has nearly 200 signatories. In the early 1970s,

Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, in Montreal, Canadian art museum with outstanding collections of paintings, graphics, furniture, textiles, sculpture, and the decorative and fine arts. One of North America’s finest collections of indigenous prints and carvings and Northwest Coast Indian art is

Eve Queler: the Philadelphia, Cleveland, and Montreal symphony orchestras. She published her memoir, A View from the Podium, in 2019. Queler received numerous honours, and in 2002 she was made a Chevalier de l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.

Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, in Montreal, Canadian art museum with outstanding collections of paintings, graphics, furniture, textiles, sculpture, and the decorative and fine arts. One of North America’s finest collections of indigenous prints and carvings and Northwest Coast Indian art is

Montreal: …Montreal occupies about three-fourths of Montreal Island (Île de Montréal), the largest of the 234 islands of the Hochelaga Archipelago, one of three archipelagoes near the confluence of the Ottawa and St. Lawrence rivers. Area 141 square miles (365 square km); metro. area, 1,644 square miles (4,259 square km). Pop.…

University of Montreal, Canadian public French-language university founded in Montreal, Quebec, in 1878. It provides instruction in the arts and sciences, education, law, medicine, theology, architecture, social work, criminology, and other fields. Affiliated schools include a polytechnic school

Montréal-Nord, former city, Montréal region, southern Quebec province, Canada. Until 2002 it was a northern suburb of Montreal city, at which time it was amalgamated into Montreal as a borough of that city. It lies in the northern part of Montreal Island, on the south shore of the Rivière des

Rolex, Swiss manufacturer of rugged but luxurious watches. Company headquarters are in Geneva. Founder Hans Wilsdorf was born in Germany but moved to Switzerland when he was a young man. There he found work at a watch-exporting company in La Chaux-de-Fonds, one of the centres of the Swiss

Montreuil, town, Seine-Saint-Denis département, Île-de-France région. It is an eastern industrial suburb of Paris situated on a plateau 400 feet (120 metres) high. Located 1 mile (1.6 km) from the city limits of the capital, it is connected to Paris by the Métro (subway). There has been a marked

Montreuil, town, Seine-Saint-Denis département, Île-de-France région. It is an eastern industrial suburb of Paris situated on a plateau 400 feet (120 metres) high. Located 1 mile (1.6 km) from the city limits of the capital, it is connected to Paris by the Métro (subway). There has been a marked

Montreux, town, comprising three resort communities (Le Châtelard-Montreux, Les Planches-Montreux, and Veytaux-Montreux; merged 1962) in Vaud canton, western Switzerland, extending 4 miles (6 km) along the eastern shore of Lake Geneva (Lac Léman). Its natural setting below mountains protecting it

Montreux Convention, (1936) agreement concerning the Dardanelles strait, the Sea of Marmara, and the Bosporus strait. In response to Turkey’s request to refortify the area, the signers of the Treaty of Lausanne and others met in Montreux, Switzerland, and agreed to return the zone to Turkish

Montreux Jazz Festival, festival of jazz and popular music, consisting primarily of concerts and competitions, held annually in Montreux, Switz. The first Montreux Jazz Festival was held in 1967 at the Montreux Casino overlooking Lake Geneva. It was a three-day event featuring the Charles Lloyd

Montrose, royal burgh (town) and North Sea port, council area and historic county of Angus, Scotland, situated at the mouth of the River South Esk. Montrose received its first charter from David I of Scotland (reigned 1124–53) and was designated a royal burgh in 1352. It was there in 1296 that King

Montrose, city, seat (1883) of Montrose county, western Colorado, U.S., in the Uncompahgre River valley at an elevation of 5,820 feet (1,774 metres). After the land was opened for settlement in 1881, a railway depot was established on the site. The town that grew up around it was named by an early

Rob Roy: James Graham, 1st duke of Montrose, succeeded in entangling him in debt, and by 1712 Rob was ruined.

James Graham, 5th Earl and 1st Marquess of Montrose was a Scottish general who won a series of spectacular victories in Scotland for King Charles I of Great Britain during the English Civil Wars. Montrose inherited the earldom of Montrose from his father in 1626 and was educated at St. Andrews

Montrouge, town, Hauts-de-Seine département, Paris région, southern suburb of Paris, in north-central France. The area—recorded as Mons Rubicus (Latin: “Red Mountain”), from the local reddish soil, in ancient charters—was divided in 1860: Le Petit Montrouge was absorbed into the 14th arrondissement

Karre Mountains, mountain range, western Central African Republic. The range rises to 4,625 feet (1,410 m) at Mount Ngaoui, the highest point in the country. The granite hills, split by southwest-northeast fractures, extend westward across the border into Cameroon. Their southward and eastward

Mandara Mountains, volcanic range extending about 120 miles (193 km) along the northern part of the Nigeria-Cameroon border from the Benue River (south) to Mora, Cameroon (north). The mountains rise to more than 3,500 feet (1,100 m) above sea level. During the colonial period they provided the

Canada: Samuel de Champlain: …navigator Samuel de Champlain, under Pierre du Gua, sieur de Monts, who had received a grant of the monopoly, led a group of settlers to Acadia. He chose as a site Dochet Island (Île Sainte-Croix) in the St. Croix River, on the present boundary between the United States and Canada.…

Montserrat, mountain, northwestern Barcelona provincia (province), in the comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of Catalonia, Spain, lying just west of the Llobregat River and northwest of Barcelona city. Known to the Romans as Mons Serratus (“Saw-Toothed Mountain”) and to the Catalans as

Cretaceous Period: Terrestrial life: …oldest known fossil angiosperm is Montsechia vidalii, an aquatic plant that has been dated to 130 million to 125 million years ago. The angiosperm group included figs, magnolias, poplars, willows, sycamores, and herbaceous plants. With the advent of many new plant types, insects also diversified.

Montserrat, mountain, northwestern Barcelona provincia (province), in the comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of Catalonia, Spain, lying just west of the Llobregat River and northwest of Barcelona city. Known to the Romans as Mons Serratus (“Saw-Toothed Mountain”) and to the Catalans as

Emmanuel Roblès: Montserrat (1948), Roblès’ most popular drama, is the story of a young Spanish officer who chooses to die for the liberation of Venezuela rather than reveal the hiding place of Simón Bolívar. Other plays include La Vérité est morte (1952; “Truth Is Dead”), about the…

Montserrat, island and overseas territory of the United Kingdom. The pear-shaped island, part of the Lesser Antilles chain, is known as the “Emerald Isle of the Caribbean,” in part because of its formerly large population of people who originated from Ireland. Montserrat is located about 27 miles

Montserrat: History of Montserrat: The Montserrat Company, formed in 1857 under the direction of Joseph Sturge, bought abandoned estates, encouraged the cultivation of limes, and sold plots of land to settlers. Because of those efforts, smallholdings still cover much of the inhabited part of the island. A series of devastating…

Julio González: …style for his best-known sculpture, Montserrat I (1936–37), a work inspired by the horrors and injustices of the Spanish Civil War.

Manuel Montt was the president of Chile, an enlightened statesman who throughout his two terms (1851–61) angered liberals and conservatives alike yet accomplished many constructive reforms. After studying law at the National Institute, where he also served as rector (1835–40), Montt was elected to

Pedro Montt was a Chilean president (1906–10), whose conservative government furthered railroad and manufacturing activities but ignored pressing social and labour problems. The son of the former Chilean president Manuel Montt, Pedro Montt graduated in law from the National Institute in 1870. He

Montu, in ancient Egyptian religion, god of the 4th Upper Egyptian nome (province), whose original capital of Hermonthis (present-day Armant) was replaced by Thebes during the 11th dynasty (c. 2080–c. 1940 bce). Montu was a god of war. In addition to falcons, a bull was his sacred animal; from the

number game: Geometric dissections: …of the 18th century when Montucla called attention to this problem. As the subject became more popular, greater emphasis was given to the more general problem of dissecting a given polygon of any number of sides into parts that would form another polygon of equal area. Then, in the early…

Lorenzo Montúfar y Rivera Maestre was a Central American statesman, diplomat, and historian whose liberal political activities often resulted in his exile. Receiving degrees in philosophy and law from the University of Guatemala in 1846, Montúfar began his career as a professor of civil law. He

Bernard Law Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery was a British field marshal and one of the outstanding Allied commanders in World War II. Montgomery, the son of an Ulster clergyman, was educated at St. Paul’s School, London, and the Royal Military Academy (Sandhurst). Having served with distinction

Graham Chapman: …a founding member of the Monty Python troupe, which set a standard during the 1970s for its quirky parodies and wacky humour on television and later in films.

John Cleese: …shows, and several movies, including Monty Python and the Holy Grail (1975), Life of Brian (1979), and Monty Python’s The Meaning of Life (1983).

Monty Python’s Flying Circus, British television sketch comedy series that aired from 1969 to 1974 on the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) network and became popular with American viewers largely through rebroadcasts on public television. The unorthodox program enjoyed a unique success and

Christology: Film: …it is well represented by Monty Python’s Life of Brian (1979).

Mike Nichols: Later projects: Wit, Angels in America, Spamalot, and Death of a Salesman: …then directed the Broadway production Monty Python’s Spamalot, which earned him another Tony. His next film was Charlie Wilson’s War (2007), an entertaining political drama, scripted by Aaron Sorkin and based on the true story of Texas congressman Charlie Wilson (Tom Hanks), who assisted the mujahideen in their fight against…

John Cleese: …Life of Brian (1979), and Monty Python’s The Meaning of Life (1983).

history of the organization of work: Large-scale building: The monumental public-works projects of the ancient world demonstrate a remarkable degree of human organization in the absence of power and machinery. The Great Pyramid at Giza, built about 2500 bce, before the Egyptians knew the pulley or had wheeled vehicles, covers 13 acres (5.3 hectares)…

Natasha Trethewey: Her fifth collection, Monument, was published in 2018. In addition to her well-received poetry, Tretheway wrote a work of nonfiction, Beyond Katrina: A Meditation on the Mississippi Gulf Coast (2010), in response to the extensive damage caused by Hurricane Katrina in 2005. In Memorial Drive: A Daughter’s Memoir…

Monument Records: Roy Orbison’s Musical Landmarks: Roy Orbison’s sequence of nine Top Ten hits for Monument Records—from “Only the Lonely” in 1960 to “Oh, Pretty Woman” in 1964—placed him among the best-selling artists of his era. Yet his qualities had eluded three of the most accomplished producers of the period: Norman…

Roy Orbison’s sequence of nine Top Ten hits for Monument Records—from “Only the Lonely” in 1960 to “Oh, Pretty Woman” in 1964—placed him among the best-selling artists of his era. Yet his qualities had eluded three of the most accomplished producers of the period: Norman Petty in Clovis, New

Albert Bartholomé: His reputation was established with Monument to the Dead (1895) in the Père-Lachaise Cemetery, Paris, a piece of architectural sculpture on a grand scale. Composed as a two-story wall monument with a procession of people entering the “door of death” over a niche where a nude young family clings to…

Vladimir Tatlin: …his most famous work—the “Monument to the Third International,” which was one of the first buildings conceived entirely in abstract terms. It was commissioned in 1919 by the department of fine arts and exhibited in the form of a model 22 feet (6.7 metres) high at the exhibition of…

The Monument, column in the City of London, just north of London Bridge, that commemorates the Great Fire of London (1666). It was most likely designed by the physicist and architect Robert Hooke, although some sources credit Sir Christopher Wren. Erected in the 1670s near the site of the fire’s

epigraphy: Greek and Latin inscriptions: …by the multivolume American series, Monumenta Asiae Minoris Antiqua (since 1928). Inscriptiones Graecae, framed in 14 volumes, has turned partly into a kind of overall umbrella for diverse coverage; volumes 6, 8, 10, much of 11, parts of 12, and 13 were never completed, being preempted by such other large…

Monumenta Germaniae Historica, (Latin: “Historical Monuments of the Germans”), voluminous, comprehensive, and critically edited collection of sources pertaining to German history from about ad 500 to 1500. The work was begun by German scholars in the early 19th century as a result of rising

Audrey Flack: One of the best-known is Civitas, also called the Monumental Gateway to the city of Rock Hill, South Carolina (1990–91). It consists of four 20-foot- (6-metre-) high bronze figures on granite bases. Her Recording Angel (2006–07) and Colossal Head of Daphne (installed 2008) were both commissioned by and are located…

Auch: …Place Salinis, from which the Monumental Steps (Escalier Monumental) lead down to the river.

Ukraine: Visual arts: …schools developed: in painting, the Monumentalism of Mykhaylo Boychuk, Ivan Padalka, and Vasyl Sedliar, consisting of a blend of Ukrainian Byzantine and Early Renaissance styles; and, in the graphic arts, the Neo-Baroque of Heorhii Narbut. Modernist experimentation ended in Soviet Ukraine in the 1930s, however, when both these schools were…

Egyptology: …and published their research in Monuments de l’Égypte et Nubie. Karl Richard Lepsius followed with a Prussian expedition (1842–45), and the Englishman Sir John Gardner Wilkinson spent 12 years (1821–33) copying and collecting material in Egypt. Their work made copies of monuments and texts widely available to European scholars. Muḥammad…

Dominique Vivant, Baron Denon: …in 1829 under the title Monuments of the Arts of Design Among Peoples as Much Ancient as Modern.

Cate Blanchett: Hepburn, Dylan, and Academy Awards: …historian and Resistance member in The Monuments Men (2014), which fictionalized Allied efforts to recover art stolen by the Nazis during World War II.

Looking back at the revolution in democracy that began during the American Civil War and continued during Reconstruction, W.E.B. Du Bois, the preeminent black intellectual of the 20th century, lamented how short-lived the experiment turned out to be. Du Bois himself had been born less than three

World Heritage site: The Nubian preservation campaign: UNESCO’s Executive Committee of the International Campaign to Save the Monuments of Nubia undertook a massive fund-raising effort, and so generous was the world’s response that virtually all the significant temples and shrines of Nubia were preserved. The salvaging of the two rock-cut temples, of Ramses…

Dominique Vivant, Baron Denon: …in 1829 under the title Monuments of the Arts of Design Among Peoples as Much Ancient as Modern.

Monumentum Ancyranum, inscription engraved soon after ad 14 on the walls of the temple of Rome and Augustus at Ancyra (modern Ankara, Tur.), capital of the Roman province of Galatia, giving the Latin text and official Greek paraphrase of the official account of the reign of the Roman emperor

insect: Annotated classification: Order Monura Extinct; similar to modern-day bristletails; caudal filament and appendages; 2 leglike cerci. Subclass Pterygota Winged or secondarily wingless; metamorphosis; adults without pregenital abdominal appendages; adult mandibles (unless greatly modified) articulating with head capsule at 2 points.

Western architecture: France: …Paris townhouses, or hôtels, the Hôtel de Monville of about 1770 and the Hôtel de Brunoy of 1772 deserve mention. The former has a central facade featuring giant Ionic pilasters divided by sculptured panels and the latter a giant Ionic colonnade flanked by arcaded wings forming the three-sided court (cour…

Affair of the Poisons: …to death, including the poisoner La Voisin (Catherine Deshayes, Madame Monvoisin), who was burned on Feb. 22, 1680.

Monywa, town, central Myanmar (Burma). It is situated on the left bank of the Chindwin River, about 60 miles (97 km) west of Mandalay. During World War II, the town was a Japanese communications centre and was captured by the British in 1945. In October of 1952, the Triple Alliance Pact was signed

Monza, city, Lombardia (Lombardy) regione, northern Italy. It lies along the Lambro River, just northeast of Milan. The ancient Modicia, it was a village until the 6th century ad, when the Lombard queen Theodelinda established a residence and a monastery there. During the period of the communes,

Monza: …of Italy was assassinated at Monza on July 29, 1900; an expiatory chapel was dedicated in 1910.

Chikamatsu Monzaemon was a Japanese playwright, widely regarded as among the greatest dramatists of that country. He is credited with more than 100 plays, most of which were written as jōruri dramas, performed by puppets. He was the first author of jōruri to write works that not only gave the

Carlos Monzon was an Argentine professional boxer, world middleweight (160 pounds) champion from 1970 to 1977. (Read Gene Tunney’s 1929 Britannica essay on boxing.) Monzon began his professional boxing career in Argentina in 1963. He was the Argentine and South American middleweight champion when

monzonite, intrusive igneous rock that contains abundant and approximately equal amounts of plagioclase and potash feldspar; it also contains subordinate amounts of biotite and hornblende, and sometimes minor quantities of orthopyroxene. Quartz, nepheline, and olivine, which are occasionally

Jane Smiley: Smiley’s subsequent novels included Moo (1995), a satire of academia; Horse Heaven (2000), about horse racing; Ten Days in the Hills (2007), a reworking of Giovanni Boccaccio’s Decameron set in Hollywood; and Private Life (2010), which examines a woman’s marriage and interior life. Some Luck (2014), which covers

collective behaviour: Milling: …tends to produce a common mood among the interacting individuals. Where some might react with sorrow, others with anger, and still others with partisan delight or indifference, milling helps to diffuse a single mood within a group. Third, milling develops a common image or interpretation of the situation. The milling…

stagecraft: Role of the scenic designer: The terms mood and spirit can be further defined. Generally, mood refers to the production’s overall emotional quality—happy, sad, tragic, comic, and so forth. Spirit refers to the production concept—the style or manner in which a particular production is to be presented, as decided by the production…

mood, in grammar, a category that reflects the speaker’s view of the ontological character of an event. This character may be, for example, real or unreal, certain or possible, wished or demanded. Mood is often marked by special verb forms, or inflections, but it is sometimes expressed by a single

mood, in logic, the classification of categorical syllogisms according to the quantity (universal or particular) and quality (affirmative or negative) of their constituent propositions. There are four forms of propositions: A (universal affirmative), E (universal negative), I (particular

affective disorder, mental disorder characterized by dramatic changes or extremes of mood. Affective disorders may include manic or depressive episodes and often combinations of the two. Persons with an affective disorder may or may not have psychotic symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, or

Duke Ellington: Ellington’s ensemble: …most famous examples is “Mood Indigo” in his 1930 setting for muted trumpet, unmuted trombone, and low-register clarinet. In 1931 Ellington began to create extended works, including such pieces as Creole Rhapsody, Reminiscing in Tempo, and Diminuendo in Blue/Crescendo in Blue. He composed a series of works to highlight…

Isaak Ilyich Levitan: …has been called the “mood landscape.”

Susanna Strickland Moodie was an English-born Canadian pioneer and author who wrote realistic, insightful, often humorous accounts of life in the wilderness. Her most important work is Roughing It in the Bush; or, Life in Canada (1852), a book of instruction for future pioneers based on her own

Australian Christmas tree, (Nuytsia floribunda), parasitic tree of one of the mistletoe families (Loranthaceae), native to western Australia. The tree may grow to 10 metres (33 feet) or more and produces many yellow-orange flowers during the Christmas season. Its dry fruits have three broad

Christology: Film: The Moody Bible Institute of Chicago, for example, produced a series of documentary films that aimed to demonstrate that the natural world was created by an intelligent designer. Other companies, such as the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association, produced feature films in which the conversion of the…

the Moody Blues, British rock band formed in Birmingham, West Midlands, England, in 1964 and credited as the pioneer of a subgenre, now called art rock or classical rock, that blends pop and classical music. The original members were Mike Pinder (b. December 27, 1941, Birmingham, England—d. April

Anne Moody was an American civil rights activist and writer whose Coming of Age in Mississippi (1968), an autobiographical account of her personal and political struggles against racism in the South, became a classic. Moody, the daughter of poor African American sharecroppers, received her early

Dwight L. Moody was a prominent American evangelist who set the pattern for later evangelism in large cities. Moody left his mother’s farm at age 17 to work in Boston and there was converted from Unitarianism to evangelicalism. In 1856 he moved to Chicago and prospered as a shoe salesman but in

Dwight L. Moody was a prominent American evangelist who set the pattern for later evangelism in large cities. Moody left his mother’s farm at age 17 to work in Boston and there was converted from Unitarianism to evangelicalism. In 1856 he moved to Chicago and prospered as a shoe salesman but in

Anne Moody was an American civil rights activist and writer whose Coming of Age in Mississippi (1968), an autobiographical account of her personal and political struggles against racism in the South, became a classic. Moody, the daughter of poor African American sharecroppers, received her early

Helen Wills was an outstanding American tennis player who was the top female competitor in the world for eight years (1927–33 and 1935). Wills began playing tennis when she was 13 and won her first major title, the U.S. girls’ championship, in 1921. She repeated as national girls’ champion in 1922

Paul Moody was an American inventor and mechanic. He worked for years with Francis Lowell, overseeing his Waltham, Mass., factory. Together they designed the first power loom constructed in the United States (1814). Moody’s numerous other innovations greatly aided the development of the New England

Robert Coover: Dave Eggers, and Rick Moody.