Moncton, city and port, Westmorland county, southeastern New Brunswick, Canada. It lies 25 miles (40 km) from the mouth of the Petitcodiac River. Moncton is the largest city in the province. The site, which was originally occupied by a Mi’kmaq First Nation (Native American) village, was settled by

Moncton: The University of Moncton, founded in 1864 as St. Joseph’s College and renamed in 1963, made Moncton the cultural center of New Brunswick’s Acadian population. During the 19th century, Moncton, favored by its location at the head of a deepwater inlet, became a busy shipbuilding center,…

Thomas Müntzer was a leading German radical reformer during the Protestant Reformation, a fiery and apocalyptic preacher, and a participant in the abortive Peasants’ War in Thuringia in 1524–25. A controversial figure in life and in death, Müntzer is regarded as a significant force in the religious

nickel processing: From sulfide ores: In carbonyl refining, carbon monoxide is passed through the matte, yielding nickel and iron carbonyls [Ni(CO)4 and Fe(CO)5]. Nickel carbonyl is a very toxic and volatile vapour that, after purification, is decomposed on pure nickel pellets to produce nickel shot. Copper, sulfur, and precious metals remain…

Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa: …and in the Royal Society’s Mond Laboratory, established for him at Cambridge in 1932, he built a new type of helium liquefier based on an expansion turbine.

Ludwig Mond: Mond founded the Mond Nickel Company to link nickel mines in Canada with refining works in Wales that utilized his new discovery.

Ludwig Mond was a German-born British chemist and industrialist who improved the Solvay alkali process and devised a process for the extraction of nickel. The son of a wealthy Jewish family, Mond studied chemistry at Marburg and Heidelberg, entered the chemical industry, and went to England in

utopian poetry: …poems such as Voltaire’s “Le Mondain” (1736; “The Man of the World”), a French lyric that expresses the Enlightenment’s championing of the present time as better and more sophisticated than the ancient Greek Golden Age, which is depicted as primitive and ignorant.

Walter Mondale was the 42nd vice president of the United States (1977–81) in the administration of President Jimmy Carter and the Democratic candidate for president in 1984. (Read Britannica’s interview with Jimmy Carter.) Mondale was the son of Theodore Sigvaard Mondale, a Methodist minister, and

Walter Mondale was the 42nd vice president of the United States (1977–81) in the administration of President Jimmy Carter and the Democratic candidate for president in 1984. (Read Britannica’s interview with Jimmy Carter.) Mondale was the son of Theodore Sigvaard Mondale, a Methodist minister, and

Robert Mondavi was an American winemaker who created American wines that rivaled European labels and helped generate the rebirth of California’s wine industry. He introduced the use of stainless steel tanks for cold fermentation, reinstated French oak barrels into the winemaking process, and

Robert Mondavi was an American winemaker who created American wines that rivaled European labels and helped generate the rebirth of California’s wine industry. He introduced the use of stainless steel tanks for cold fermentation, reinstated French oak barrels into the winemaking process, and

Monday, second day of the week

Sweden: The arts: …20th-century composers include the “Monday group,” who were inspired by the anti-romantic Hilding Rosenberg in the 1920s and drew also upon leading modern composers from abroad. The vital Swedish folk song has been developed further by a number of musicians. The lively and often moving ballads and “epistles” of…

Monday Night Football (MNF), flagship National Football League (NFL) telecast that helped transform sports broadcasting in the United States. About the time of the official merger of the NFL and the startup American Football League (AFL) into an expanded NFL in 1970, Commissioner Pete Rozelle

the Mamas and the Papas: …them “California Dreamin’”  (1965), “Monday, Monday” (1966), and “Creeque Alley” (1967). In sound and look the Mamas and the Papas typified the groovy optimism of the emerging hippie movement (John Phillips wrote “San Francisco [Be Sure to Wear Flowers in Your Hair]” for Scott McKenzie).

Sara Monday, fictional character, the protagonist and narrator in Joyce Cary’s novel Herself Surprised (1941), the first volume of his trilogy on art. Monday is presented as a warmhearted, generous woman who is victimized by the men in her life—the conservative upper-class lawyer Tom Wilcher and

Jean Nouvel: …audience in 1987 when the Institute of the Arab World (Institut du Monde Arabe [IMA]) was completed. The main, south facade of that building, with its high-tech aperture-like panels, manages to be at once cutting-edge in its creative response to changing levels of light and evocative of traditional Arab moucharaby…

underwater diving: …Le Monde du silence (1952; The Silent World), written with Frédéric Dumas, and in other writings and television and film productions. Clubs formed after 1943 as fast as scuba equipment became available; national associations were formed in France, Italy, Great Britain, Canada, and the United States; and in 1959 Cousteau…

Louis Aragon: …of his long novel series, Le Monde réel (1933–44; “The Real World”), describe in historical perspective the class struggle of the proletariat toward social revolution. Aragon continued to employ Socialist Realism in another long novel, Les Communistes (6 vol., 1949–51), a bleak chronicle of the party from 1939 to 1940.…

Le Monde, daily newspaper published in Paris, one of the most important and widely respected newspapers in the world. The newspaper was established in 1944—as soon as the German army had quit Paris but while World War II continued—on orders of the new government of Gen. Charles de Gaulle as a means

René Descartes: The World and Discourse on Method: In 1633, just as he was about to publish The World (1664), Descartes learned that the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) had been condemned in Rome for publishing the view that the Earth revolves around the Sun. Because this…

Paul Otlet: … (1934; “Treatise on Documentation”) and Monde: essai d’universalisme (1935; “World: Essay on Universalism”), in which Otlet described his vision for a worldwide information network that in many ways presaged the advent of the World Wide Web more than 50 years later. “Everything in the universe,” he wrote,

Mondego River, largest of the exclusively Portuguese rivers, rising at 4,675 feet (1,425 m) on the northern slopes of the Estrela Mountains (Serra da Estrela) and flowing southwestward for 137 miles (220 km) to the Atlantic Ocean. It has a drainage basin of 2,615 square miles (6,772 square km). A

Irene Rosenfeld: …products around the world (Mondelēz International). The reorganization took place in 2012, and Rosenfeld became CEO of Mondelēz. She remained in that post until her retirement in 2017.

underwater diving: …Mondiale des Activités Subaquatique (CMAS; World Underwater Federation).

Mondino De’ Luzzi was an Italian physician and anatomist whose Anathomia Mundini (MS. 1316; first printed in 1478) was the first European book written since classical antiquity that was entirely devoted to anatomy and was based on the dissection of human cadavers. It remained a standard text until

Southern Africa: Angola and Mozambique: …anticolonial struggle was led by Eduardo Mondlane of the Mozambique Liberation Front (Frente da Libertação de Moçambique; Frelimo), which was formed in 1962 by exiles in Tanzania. Internal dissent had been crushed by 1964, and Frelimo launched a guerrilla war against targets in northern Mozambique, claiming to have established its…

The Mill on the Po, trilogy of novels by Riccardo Bacchelli, first published in Italian as Il mulino del Po in 1938–40. The work, considered Bacchelli’s masterpiece, dramatizes the conflicts and struggles of several generations of a family of millers. The first two volumes, Dio ti salve (1938; “God

four-eyed opossum: Mondolfi’s four-eyed opossum (P. mondolfii) is found in Venezuela and eastern Colombia. McIlhenny’s four-eyed opossum (P. mcilhennyi) is restricted to the western Amazon basin of Peru and Brazil and occurs together with the gray four-eyed opossum. The southeastern four-eyed opossum (P. frenatus) is known from…

four-eyed opossum: Mondolfi’s four-eyed opossum (P. mondolfii) is found in Venezuela and eastern Colombia. McIlhenny’s four-eyed opossum (P. mcilhennyi) is restricted to the western Amazon basin of Peru and Brazil and occurs together with the gray four-eyed opossum. The southeastern four-eyed opossum (P. frenatus) is known from…

Mondoñedo, town, Lugo provincia (province), in the comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of Galicia, northwestern Spain. It lies along the Masma River, 27 miles (43 km) north of Lugo, the provincial capital. Mondoñedo occupies a sheltered valley among the northern outliers of the Cantabrian

Montdory was the first outstanding French actor, whose presentations of the works of Corneille were especially notable. Montdory began his theatrical career in 1612 in a troupe led by Valleran Le-Comte, a company specializing in the tragicomedies of Alexandre Hardy. A member of the company of the

Mondovì, town, Piemonte (Piedmont) region, northwestern Italy. It lies along the Ellero River, east of Cuneo, the capital city. Founded in 1198 by refugees from the regional wars between the city-states and communes, it was independent until the 13th century, when it was subordinated to the

Piet Mondrian was a painter who was an important leader in the development of modern abstract art and a major exponent of the Dutch abstract art movement known as De Stijl (“The Style”). In his mature paintings, Mondrian used the simplest combinations of straight lines, right angles, primary

Piet Mondrian was a painter who was an important leader in the development of modern abstract art and a major exponent of the Dutch abstract art movement known as De Stijl (“The Style”). In his mature paintings, Mondrian used the simplest combinations of straight lines, right angles, primary

Jean Mone was a French sculptor who gained fame for the work he produced in Flanders as court sculptor to Holy Roman emperor Charles V. His work helped introduce the Italian Renaissance style to Flemish sculpture. Mone worked from 1512 to 1513 in Aix-en-Provence on sculptures for that city’s

coin: The colonial period: …hemispheres; this was called the moneda columnaria (“columnar coinage”) and was minted until 1772. From that date, by ordinances of Charles III, silver coinage carried on the face a bust of the reigning monarch and on the reverse the coat of arms, a system already utilized in the gold pieces.

Monel, any of a group of nickel-copper alloys, first developed in 1905, containing about 66 percent nickel and 31.5 percent copper, with small amounts of iron, manganese, carbon, and silicon. Stronger than pure nickel, Monel alloys are resistant to corrosion by many agents, including rapidly

Monemvasía, town, Laconia (Modern Greek: Lakonía) nomós (department), southern Greece, on the southeastern coast of the Peloponnese (Pelopónnisos). Monemvasía lies at the foot of a rock that stands just offshore and that is crowned by the ruins of a medieval fortress and a 14th-century Byzantine

Rafael Moneo is a Spanish architect and educator who won the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1996. He is known for designs that seamlessly incorporate both contemporary and historically referential elements. Moneo received a degree in architecture from the Superior Technical School of Architecture

Rafael Moneo is a Spanish architect and educator who won the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1996. He is known for designs that seamlessly incorporate both contemporary and historically referential elements. Moneo received a degree in architecture from the Superior Technical School of Architecture

moneran, any of the prokaryotes constituting the two domains Bacteria and Archaea. The monerans are distinct from eukaryotic organisms because of the structure and chemistry of their cells. As prokaryotes, they lack the definite nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (specialized cellular parts) of

moneran, any of the prokaryotes constituting the two domains Bacteria and Archaea. The monerans are distinct from eukaryotic organisms because of the structure and chemistry of their cells. As prokaryotes, they lack the definite nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (specialized cellular parts) of

estrus: , dogs) are monestrous, having only one heat during a breeding season. Others (e.g., ground squirrels) are polyestrous: if not impregnated, they will come into heat repeatedly during the breeding season. Males can recognize a female in heat by smell; certain substances (pheromones) are secreted only at this…

Édouard Manet: Later life and works of Édouard Manet: …at Argenteuil that Manet painted Monet Painting on His Studio Boat (1874). Although he was friendly with Monet and the other Impressionists, Manet would not participate in their independent exhibitions and continued to submit his paintings to the official Salon. When The Artist and Laundry were both rejected by the…

Claude Monet was a French painter who became the initiator, leader, and unswerving advocate of the Impressionist style. In his mature works, Monet developed his method of producing repeated studies of the same motif in series, changing canvases with the light or as his interest shifted. These

Ernesto Teodoro Moneta was an Italian journalist and international activist on behalf of peace (except where Italian interests required war). He won (with Louis Renault) the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1907. At the age of 15 Moneta participated in the Milanese insurrection of 1848 against Austrian

monetarism, school of economic thought that maintains that the money supply (the total amount of money in an economy, in the form of coin, currency, and bank deposits) is the chief determinant on the demand side of short-run economic activity. American economist Milton Friedman is generally

Thomas Müntzer was a leading German radical reformer during the Protestant Reformation, a fiery and apocalyptic preacher, and a participant in the abortive Peasants’ War in Thuringia in 1524–25. A controversial figure in life and in death, Müntzer is regarded as a significant force in the religious

money: Central banking: …bank are called the “monetary base.” When held as bank reserves, each dollar, pound, or euro becomes the base for several dollars, pounds, or euros of commercial bank loans and deposits. Earlier in the history of money, the size of the monetary base was limited by the amount of…

Colombia: Finance and trade: The Monetary Commission, created by the government in 1963, is the highest authority in matters involving the extension of credit. Such credit is extended through the central bank, which also issues currency, acts as banker for the government and other banks, serves as a guardian and…

Gunnar Myrdal: …delivered the lectures resulting in Monetary Equilibrium (1939). These lectures illustrated the distinction between ex ante (or planned) and ex post (or realized) savings and investment.

Milton Friedman: Contributions to economic theory: Schwartz, A Monetary History of the United States, 1867–1960. Combining theoretical and empirical analysis with institutional insights, that volume provided an intricately detailed account of the role of money in the U.S. economy since the Civil War. Especially influential was the authors’ claim that the Great…

monetary policy, measures employed by governments to influence economic activity, specifically by manipulating the supplies of money and credit and by altering rates of interest. (Read Milton Friedman’s Britannica entry on money.) The usual goals of monetary policy are to achieve or maintain full

monetary union, agreement between two or more states creating a single currency area. A monetary union involves the irrevocable fixation of the exchange rates of the national currencies existing before the formation of a monetary union. Historically, monetary unions have been formed on the basis of

brushite: It dehydrates readily to form monetite. Brushite is found on Bird Island, Venez. For detailed physical properties, see phosphate mineral (table).

Monett, city, Barry and Lawrence counties, southwestern Missouri, U.S., in the Ozark Mountains, southeast of Joplin. Settled about 1837 and known first as Billing, then as Plymouth, it was renamed Monett in 1888 for an official of the St. Louis–San Francisco Railway (Frisco) Company. The city

Paul Monette was an American author and poet whose work often explored homosexual relationships and the devastating effects of the AIDS epidemic. He was best known for his autobiographies, Borrowed Time: An AIDS Memoir (1988) and Becoming a Man: Half a Life Story (1992). After graduating from Yale

Sir Dennis Holme Robertson: However, in Money (1922), he turned his attention to monetary forces. Like Keynes, he maintained that government policy should attempt to stabilize the price level and that bank deposits were of paramount importance to the money supply. In subsequent work Robertson developed a dynamic theory of saving…

money, a commodity accepted by general consent as a medium of economic exchange. It is the medium in which prices and values are expressed; as currency, it circulates anonymously from person to person and country to country, thus facilitating trade, and it is the principal measure of wealth. (Read

Martin Amis: …first major critical success was Money (1984), a savagely comic satire of the conspicuous consumerism of the 1980s. London Fields (1989; film 2015) is an ambitious work set in 1999 in which a number of small-scale interpersonal relationships take place amid a society on the verge of apocalyptic collapse. His…

Milton Friedman: Education and career: …in 1953 he established the Money and Banking Workshop—an important forum for faculty members, graduate students working on dissertations in the field, and occasional outside visitors. The workshop became renowned for the presentation and critical appraisal of papers in monetary economics.

Steady saving, smart spending, generous giving.The list of things you have to teach your kids never seems to end—from how to say “please” to memorizing multiplication tables and so much more. On top of all that, there’s money. Spending it, saving it, giving it—oh, and earning it! Where do you even

Quentin Massys: …Man and the Courtesan and The Money Changer and His Wife. Christus Salvator Mundi and The Virgin in Prayer display serene dignity. Pictures with figures on a smaller scale are a polyptych, the scattered parts of which have been reassembled, and a later Virgin and Child. His landscape backgrounds are…

cowrie: …in Pacific Islands, and the money cowrie (C. moneta), a 2.5-centimetre (1-inch) yellow species, has served as currency in Africa and elsewhere.

craps: …version of the game called money craps, or open craps, is found in simpler or illegal gaming houses and is mostly played for cash on a table without the elaborate layout found in bank craps. The players may gamble with each other on the shooter’s point numbers, but all other…

Mark Knopfler: …the album’s hit single “Money for Nothing.”

Benicio Del Toro: …appeared in such movies as Money for Nothing (1993) and China Moon (1994) before his breakthrough role as the unintelligible Fenster in the crime drama The Usual Suspects (1995).

money laundering, the process by which criminals attempt to conceal the illicit origin and ownership of the proceeds of their unlawful activities. By means of money laundering, criminals attempt to transform the proceeds from their crimes into funds of an apparently legal origin. If successful,

money laundering: Law enforcement: The Money Laundering and Financial Crimes Strategy Act of 1998 required the Department of the Treasury as well as other federal agencies to periodically produce National Money Laundering Strategy reports. The first report, issued in 1999, highlighted federal efforts to address the problem of money laundering…

Bank Secrecy Act: …of 1986, which contained the Money Laundering Control Act of 1986, and the Money Laundering Suppression Act of 1994. The additional legislation enhanced the enforcement effectiveness of the law by making money laundering a criminal activity, requiring researchers to develop more-successful examination methods, and calling for more examiner training in…

credit, transaction between two parties in which one (the creditor or lender) supplies money, goods, services, or securities in return for a promised future payment by the other (the debtor or borrower). Such transactions normally include the payment of interest to the lender. Credit may be

money market, a set of institutions, conventions, and practices, the aim of which is to facilitate the lending and borrowing of money on a short-term basis. The money market is, therefore, different from the capital market, which is concerned with medium- and long-term credit. The definition of

Different accounts for different purposes.The record-low interest rates common in the 2010s may have made you hesitant to put your money into a money market account or especially a certificate of deposit (CD). But since the Federal Reserve has hiked interest rates, the yields offered on these

Two tools for managing your money.A checking account is a financial workhorse. From paying bills, to shopping, to getting quick cash, a checking account can do it all—except when it comes to paying you a decent interest rate on your balance. The yields on most checking accounts are minimal at best,

Both offer interest, but only one is an investment.If you’re looking for a safe place to invest your money, you may be trying to decide between a money market account or a money market mutual fund. Both offer steady returns and are less volatile than investing in the stock market. Despite the

bank: Bank money: Money-market mutual funds and credit unions offer widely used money substitutes by permitting the persons who own shares in them to write checks from their accounts. (Money-market funds and credit unions differ from commercial banks in that they are owned by and lend only to…

Jodie Foster: …helmed the Wall Street thriller Money Monster (2016), about a financial pundit (George Clooney) who is taken hostage. Foster directed episodes of a number of television series as well, including Tales from the Darkside, Orange Is the New Black, and House of Cards.

money order, order on the issuer to pay a certain sum of money upon demand to the person named in the money order. Money orders provide a means of safe, fast, and convenient transmission of small sums of money. They are issued by sovereign governments (usually postal authorities), banks, and other

Alexander Godunov: …and had notable roles in The Money Pit (1986) and Die Hard (1988), but his film career then faltered. His death was due to complications of chronic alcoholism.

honesty: Two of the species, annual honesty (Lunaria annua) and perennial honesty (L. rediviva), are widely grown for their fragrant flowers and papery seedpod partitions, which are used in dried-flower arrangements.

pothos, (Epipremnum aureum), hardy indoor foliage plant of the arum family (Araceae) native to southeastern Asia. It resembles, and thus is often confused with, the common philodendron. Pothos is an evergreen plant with thick, waxy, green, heart-shaped leaves with splashes of yellow. As a

interest, the price paid for the use of credit or money. It may be expressed either in money terms or as a rate of payment. A brief treatment of interest follows. For full treatment, see capital and interest. Interest may also be viewed as the income derived from the possession of contractual

money supply, the liquid assets held by individuals and banks. The money supply includes coin, currency, and demand deposits (checking accounts). Some economists consider time and savings deposits to be part of the money supply because such deposits can be managed by governmental action and are

quantity theory of money, economic theory relating changes in the price levels to changes in the quantity of money. In its developed form, it constitutes an analysis of the factors underlying inflation and deflation. (Read Milton Friedman’s Britannica entry on money.) As developed by the English

the Ronettes: …Home Tonight,” a duet with Eddie Money, reached number four on the Billboard chart in 1986. Her autobiography is descriptively titled Be My Baby: How I Survived Mascara, Miniskirts, and Madness; or, My Life as a Fabulous Ronette (1990). The Ronettes were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of…

gender role: …by New Zealand American sexologist John Money, first appearing in print in 1955. Money defined it as “all those things that a person says or does to disclose himself or herself as having the status of boy or man, girl or woman.” Although the term wasn’t defined until 1955, men…

David Wagoner: …in the Middle (1954) and Money, Money, Money (1955). His early poems focused on the depressed and desolate state of the Midwest in the 1930s. Wagoner joined Roethke in 1954 at the University of Washington in Seattle as an associate professor of English. In 1963 he published The Nesting Ground,…

quantity theory of money, economic theory relating changes in the price levels to changes in the quantity of money. In its developed form, it constitutes an analysis of the factors underlying inflation and deflation. (Read Milton Friedman’s Britannica entry on money.) As developed by the English

economic stabilizer: Monetary policy: The simplest relationship between income and the demand for money would be: Md = kY. Here, k is a constant. Since Y is a flow (measured per year) and Md a stock (the average stock of money over the year), k has the dimension of a “storage…

bank: Bank money: Money-market mutual funds and credit unions offer widely used money substitutes by permitting the persons who own shares in them to write checks from their accounts. (Money-market funds and credit unions differ from commercial banks in that they are owned by and lend only to…

Jonah Hill: …his first straight role in Moneyball (2011), based on a book by Michael Lewis. In the sports drama he played an earnest baseball statistician advising Oakland Athletics manager Billy Beane (Brad Pitt) on how to assemble a winning team on a shoestring budget, and, for his mesmerizing performance, Hill was…

Oakland Athletics: …known by the term “Moneyball” (so named after the title of a best-selling book about A’s general manager Billy Beane). Many other franchises began implementing variations of that strategy after Beane built teams that qualified for five postseason berths in a seven-year span (2000–06) while having one of the…

Michael Lewis: From page to screen: Moneyball, The Blind Side, and The Big Short: …a sensation that the term moneyball entered the lexicon in sports, finance, and politics. In 2023 California lawmakers introduced a U.S. House bill requiring professional baseball teams to compensate their home communities if they relocated their stadiums more than 25 miles (40 km) from their previous location (as the Oakland…

Michael Lewis: From page to screen: Moneyball, The Blind Side, and The Big Short: …the subject of finance with Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game, an examination of the Oakland Athletics’ success in substituting the collective wisdom of baseball insiders with sabermetrics—the detailed analysis of baseball data that aims to quantify baseball players’ performances on the basis of objective statistical measurements. The…

anti-Semitism: Anti-Semitism in medieval Europe: …prominent in trade, banking, and moneylending, and Jews’ economic and cultural successes tended to arouse the envy of the populace. This economic resentment, allied with traditional religious prejudice, prompted the forced expulsion of Jews from several countries and regions, including England (1290), France (14th century), Germany (1350s), Portugal (1496), Provence…

creeping Jenny, (Lysimachia nummularia), prostrate perennial herb of the primrose family (Primulaceae), native to Europe. The plant is grown as a ground cover in warm climates and as an indoor hanging plant. It is considered an invasive species in parts of North America and in other areas outside

Monfalcone, town, Friuli–Venezia Giulia region, northeastern Italy, near the Gulf of Trieste. A busy industrial centre, Monfalcone is known for its shipyards and also has chemical factories, oil refineries, ironworks, and steelworks. It was rebuilt after heavy damage in World War I. Pop. (2006

Montferrat, historic area of northwestern Italy covering most of the modern provinces of Alessandria and Asti in the Piedmont region. During the Middle Ages, Montferrat was an independent march (or marquessate). Its local autonomy ended when the Gongazas of Mantua were recognized as its rulers in