a specialist in the growing of fruits, vegetables, flowers, or ornamental plants, typically concentrating on either the growing of plants for food (pomology, dealing with fruit and nut crops, and olericulture, dealing with herbaceous plants for the kitchen) or plants for ornament (floriculture,

Andrew Jackson Downing: …of a new periodical, the Horticulturist, a post that he retained until his death. Downing’s The Architecture of Country Houses, Including Designs for Cottages, Farm Houses, and Villas (1850) long remained in general use.

Hortobágy: …survive in the village of Hortobágy, which is the site of the Hortobágyi Nagycsárda (“Great Inn of the Hortobágy”), built in 1781. This village is the traditional centre of the region, where the road between Debrecen and Budapest crosses a stone bridge on the Hortobágy River. It has a folk…

Hortobágy, region of the Steppe in east-central Hungary. It lies between the Tisza River and the city of Debrecen. In the medieval period there were many flourishing villages in this formerly fertile region, but under Turkish rule the area became depopulated, agriculture declined, and the region

Hortobágy: …interesting flora and fauna, the Hortobágy National Park was created in 1973. The park was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1999.

Dr. Seuss: Early career and first Dr. Seuss books: …more children’s works, Geisel released Horton Hatches the Egg in 1940. With it, he introduced the features that would come to define his books: a unique brand of humor, playful use of words, and outlandish characters. It centers on an elephant who is duped into sitting on the egg of…

Dr. Seuss: The Cat in the Hat, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, and other classics of Dr. Seuss: In Horton Hears a Who! (1954), the loyal pachyderm returns to protect a tiny speck of a planet known as Whoville. A discussion about minority rights and the value of all individuals, the work features Horton repeating “a person’s a person, no matter how small.” The…

hydrosphere: Groundwaters and river runoff: …of two quite distinct mechanisms—specifically, Horton overland flow (named for American hydraulic engineer and hydrologist Robert E. Horton) and Dunne overland flow (named for British hydrologist Thomas Dunne).

parasocial interaction: …the writings of American sociologists Donald Horton and R. Richard Wohl in the 1956 article “Mass Communication and Para-Social Interaction: Observations on Intimacy at a Distance.” The article describes how PSIs may gradually lead to the formation of a parasocial relationship. Most theoretical work attempting to define and differentiate PSIs…

Lost Horizon: Cast:

Emeline Horton Cleveland was an American physician and college professor, widely respected among her male colleagues and a strong force for professional opportunity and education for women in medicine. Emeline Horton grew up in Madison county, New York. She worked as a teacher until she could

George Moses Horton was an African American poet who wrote sentimental love poems and antislavery protests. He was one of the first professional black writers in America. A slave from birth, Horton was relocated, in 1800, to a plantation near Chapel Hill, seat of the University of North Carolina,

Sierra Leone: The arts: …the most prolific writers was James Africanus Beale Horton, who wrote books and pamphlets on politics, science, and medicine while serving as a medical officer in the British army between 1857 and 1871. A.B.C. Sibthorpe, lauded as the first Sierra Leonean historian of Sierra Leone, wrote one of the earliest…

Lester Horton was a dancer and choreographer credited with launching the modern dance movement in Los Angeles and for establishing the country’s first racially integrated dance company. In his short career he developed a dance training technique that continued to be used by instructors into the

Tim Horton was a Canadian professional ice hockey player and entrepreneur. He was a defenseman in the National Hockey League (NHL), helping the Toronto Maple Leafs win four Stanley Cups (1962–64, 1967), and he founded the popular North American restaurant franchise Tim Hortons. After signing with

Robert E. Horton was an American hydraulic engineer and hydrologist who established a quantitative basis for the analysis of the drainage of networks of streams. The empirical rules he discovered and set forth are generally referred to as Horton’s laws. After graduating from Albion College, Albion,

Robert E. Horton was an American hydraulic engineer and hydrologist who established a quantitative basis for the analysis of the drainage of networks of streams. The empirical rules he discovered and set forth are generally referred to as Horton’s laws. After graduating from Albion College, Albion,

Tim Horton was a Canadian professional ice hockey player and entrepreneur. He was a defenseman in the National Hockey League (NHL), helping the Toronto Maple Leafs win four Stanley Cups (1962–64, 1967), and he founded the popular North American restaurant franchise Tim Hortons. After signing with

Detroit Tigers: …and sluggers Norm Cash and Willie Horton, won 103 games and ran away with the AL pennant before beating the Cardinals in the World Series.

Hortonville Joint School District No. 1 v. Hortonville Education Association, case in which the U.S. Supreme Court on June 17, 1976, ruled that a Wisconsin school board had not violated the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment when it fired teachers for staging a strike that was in

encyclopaedia: Illustrative material: …was the abbess Herrad’s 12th-century Hortus deliciarum. In many earlier encyclopaedias the illustrations were often more decorative than useful, but from the end of the 17th century the better encyclopaedias began to include engraved plates of great accuracy and some of great beauty. The Encyclopédie is particularly distinguished for its…

Johann Jakob Dillenius: …produced his most notable works, Hortus Elthamensis, 2 vol. (1732), which contains descriptions and 417 drawings of plants in the Sherard Garden at Eltham, and Historia Muscorum (1741), which contains descriptions and illustrations of more than 600 species of “mosses,” an assemblage of true mosses, liverworts, lycopods, algae, lichens, and…

herbal: …for example, in Jacob Meidenbach’s Hortus sanitatis (1491), is unidentifiable: a human figure, instead of the plant’s sex organs, emerges from each perianth (sepals and petals of a flower).

Viggo Hørup was a Danish politician and journalist, the leading late 19th-century advocate of parliamentary government in Denmark. Hørup was the leader of the radical left opposition in the Parliament from 1876 to 1892. Also a prominent journalist, he served as editor of the liberal Morgenbladet

Viggo Hørup was a Danish politician and journalist, the leading late 19th-century advocate of parliamentary government in Denmark. Hørup was the leader of the radical left opposition in the Parliament from 1876 to 1892. Also a prominent journalist, he served as editor of the liberal Morgenbladet

Horus, in ancient Egyptian religion, a god in the form of a falcon whose right eye was the sun or morning star, representing power and quintessence, and whose left eye was the moon or evening star, representing healing. Falcon cults, which were in evidence from late predynastic times, were

Ödön Edmund Josef von Horváth was a Hungarian novelist and playwright who was one of the most promising German-language dramatists of the 1930s and one of the earliest antifascist writers in Germany. Horváth, the son of a Hungarian career diplomat, attended schools in Budapest, Vienna, and Munich

H. Robert Horvitz is an American biologist who, with Sydney Brenner and John E. Sulston, won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2002 for their discoveries about how genes regulate tissue and organ development via a key mechanism called programmed cell death, or apoptosis. Horvitz

realism: Modest objective truth: Ayer, and more recently Paul Horwich—have denied that truth can be a substantial property, arguing that all there is to the notion of truth is captured by instances of the equivalence schema. Even if this is accepted, however, it does not follow that there cannot be a more substantial…

the Three Stooges: …24, 1975, Woodland Hills, California), Curly Howard (original name Jerome Horwitz; b. October 22, 1903, New York City—d. January 18, 1952, San Gabriel, California), Joe Besser (b. August 12, 1907, St. Louis, Missouri—d. March 1, 1988, North Hollywood, California), Joe DeRita (original name Joseph Wardell; b. July 12, 1909, Philadelphia—d.…

the Three Stooges: …23, 1955, Los Angeles, California), Moe Howard (original name Moses Horwitz; b. June 19, 1897, New York City—d. May 4, 1975, Los Angeles), Larry Fine (original name Louis Feinberg; b. October 5, 1902, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania—d. January 24, 1975, Woodland Hills, California), Curly Howard (original name Jerome Horwitz; b. October 22,…

The Bank Dick: Future Three Stooges member Shemp Howard portrayed Sousè’s favourite bartender. The Bank Dick was the last film to feature Fields in a starring role. Poor health aggravated by excessive drinking relegated him to cameo appearances in subsequent films until his death in 1946. The film’s title uses a slang…

Hōryū Temple, Japanese Buddhist temple complex in the town of Ikaruga, northwestern Nara ken (prefecture), west-central Honshu, Japan. One of the Seven Great Temples of Nara, the Hōryū is also the centre of the Shōtoku sect of Buddhism. The temple was one of some 48 Buddhist monuments in the area

Hōryū Temple, Japanese Buddhist temple complex in the town of Ikaruga, northwestern Nara ken (prefecture), west-central Honshu, Japan. One of the Seven Great Temples of Nara, the Hōryū is also the centre of the Shōtoku sect of Buddhism. The temple was one of some 48 Buddhist monuments in the area

Hosanna, in modern speech and liturgical usage, a cry of praise to God. It has acquired this meaning through the assumption that it was so meant by the multitude that hailed Jesus on Palm Sunday (Mark 11:9). If it was, it must already have become a Jewish liturgical cry rather far removed from its

hosiery, knit or woven coverings for the feet and legs designed to be worn inside shoes, particularly women’s stockings and tights; also socks for men, women, and children. In Great Britain, hosiery includes all types of machine-knit garments. In the 8th century bc the Greek poet Hesiod referred to

hose, flexible piping designed to carry liquids or gases. Early hoses were made from leather, which was never wholly satisfactory and was supplanted in the 19th century by natural rubber. Rubber layered on a pole or mandrel produced a flexible and watertight hose; the addition of canvas

hand tool: Plumb line, level, and square: The hose level, first described in 1629, consisted of a length of hose fitted with a glass tube at each end. Water was added until it rose in both vertically held tubes; when the surfaces of the water in each tube were at the same height,…

Carl Sternheim: …first play, Die Hose (The Underpants), was published and performed in 1911 under the title Der Riese (“The Giant”) because the Berlin police had forbidden the original title on the grounds of gross immorality. It has as its main character Theobald Maske. He and others of the Maske family…

fire engine: The basic automotive hose carrier quickly assumed its modern form; it carries a powerful pump, a large amount of hose (usually about 1,000 feet, or 300 metres), and a water tank for use where a supply of water is not available. Specialized auxiliary vehicles were also soon developed,…

Judaism: The emergence of the literary prophets: …society’s malaise was interpreted by Hosea, a prophet of the northern kingdom (Israel), as a forgetting of God (see Hosea, Book of). As a result, in his view, all authority had evaporated: the king was scoffed at, priests became hypocrites, and pleasure seeking became the order of the day. The…

Hoshea, in the Old Testament (2 Kings 15:30; 17:1–6), son of Elah and last king of Israel (c. 732–724 bc). He became king through a conspiracy in which his predecessor, Pekah, was killed. The Assyrian king Tiglath-pileser III claimed that he made Hoshea king, and Hoshea paid an annual tribute to

Book of Hosea, the first of 12 Old Testament books that bear the names of the Minor Prophets, considered as one book, The Twelve, in the Jewish canon. According to the superscription, Hosea began his prophetic activity during the reign of Jeroboam II (c. 786–746 bc). His prophetic announcements

Andreas Osiander was a German theologian who helped introduce the Protestant Reformation to Nürnberg. The son of a blacksmith, Osiander was educated at Leipzig, Altenburg, and the University of Ingolstadt. Ordained in 1520, he helped reform the imperial free city of Nürnberg on strictly Lutheran

Willibald Alexis: In the first part of Die Hosen des Herrn von Bredow (1846–48; “The Trousers of the Lord of Bredow”), Alexis reveals qualities as a humorist, though the concluding section, describing the elector Joachim’s ineffectual opposition to Luther’s teaching, strikes a more serious note. In Ruhe ist die erste Bürgerpflicht (1852;…

Ḥusayn I was the shah of Iran from 1694 to 1722, the last independent ruler of the Ṣafavid dynasty, whose unfitness led to its disintegration. Ḥusayn was reared in the harem and had no knowledge of state affairs. He depleted the treasury for personal expenses and allowed the mullahs (clergy) to

Sukkot: …called by the special name Hoshana Rabba (“Great Hosanna”).

Hoshangabad, city, south-central Madhya Pradesh state, central India. The city lies just south of the Vindhya Range on the south bank of the Narmada River, where that river is joined by the Tawa River. Hoshangabad was founded by Sultan Hoshang Shah of Malwa in 1406, and it served as a defense

Hoshea, in the Old Testament (2 Kings 15:30; 17:1–6), son of Elah and last king of Israel (c. 732–724 bc). He became king through a conspiracy in which his predecessor, Pekah, was killed. The Assyrian king Tiglath-pileser III claimed that he made Hoshea king, and Hoshea paid an annual tribute to

birthstone: …those of the breastplate (ḥoshen) of the Jewish high priest. In the 20th century the list was supplemented with a series of synthetic stones that were recommended as alternatives for some of the rarer, less-attractive, or less-durable natural stones. The natural-stone list was also expanded to make it more…

Jacob ben Asher: …marriage and divorce; and (4) Ḥoshen mishpaṭ (“Breastplate of Judgment”), epitomizing civil and criminal law. Jacob eliminated all laws and customs that had been rendered obsolete by the destruction of the Second Temple (ad 70).

Hoshiarpur, city, northeastern Punjab state, northwestern India. It is situated in an upland region just southwest of the Siwalik Range, about 25 miles (40 km) northeast of Jalandhar. The city is a manufacturing and trade centre and a rail terminus. It also lies at a major road junction. Its

hosiery, knit or woven coverings for the feet and legs designed to be worn inside shoes, particularly women’s stockings and tights; also socks for men, women, and children. In Great Britain, hosiery includes all types of machine-knit garments. In the 8th century bc the Greek poet Hesiod referred to

mosaic: Middle Byzantine mosaics: …kind, the monastery church of Hosios Loukas in Phocis and the Nea Moni on Chios (both 11th century). Similar churches are found in such widely distant places as Kiev (Hagia Sophia, 11th century) and Palermo (Martorana, c. 1150), both the products of strong Byzantine influence. The system, however, is not…

Hosius Of Córdoba was a Spanish bishop of Córdoba who, as ecclesiastical adviser to Emperor Constantine I, was one of the chief defenders of orthodoxy in the West against the early Donatists (q.v.). Consecrated bishop of Córdoba (c. 295), Hosius attended the Council of Elvira (Granada, c. 300) and

Stanislaus Hosius was a Polish cardinal, one of the most significant figures of the Counter-Reformation. Consecrated bishop of Chełmno, Pol., in 1549, he was transferred to East Prussia (1551), from where he conducted his campaign by convoking synods, fighting heresy, and rallying Roman Catholics.

Sir Edwyn Clement Hoskyns, 13th Baronet was an Anglican biblical scholar and theologian. Educated at Jesus College, Cambridge, and Wells Theological College, Hoskyns was ordained in 1908. He was associated with Corpus Christi College from 1919 to 1932 and was canon theologian of Liverpool Cathedral

Harriet Goodhue Hosmer was an American sculptor, one of the leading female sculptors working in Rome in the 19th century and perhaps the only one to win complete financial independence through her artistic work. Hosmer was encouraged by the actress Fanny Kemble to pursue her natural talent in the

Japan: Trade between China and Japan: …western shugo families of the Hosokawa and Ōuchi, under whose protection trading merchants became active in the ports of Hakata, Hyōgo, and Sakai. After the Ōnin War (see below The Ōnin War [1467–77]), the Ōuchi controlled the trade—albeit in competition and often conflict with the Hosokawa—but with the destruction of…

Hosokawa Katsumoto was a leader of a powerful military faction in medieval Japan whose dispute with Yamana Mochitoyo, the head of the powerful Yamana clan, resulted in the Ōnin War (1467–77). This conflict ravaged the area around the capital at Kyōto and destroyed central control over the country’s

Hosokawa Morihiro is the founder of the reform political party Japan New Party (Nihon Shintō) and was the prime minister of Japan in 1993–94. Hosokawa’s maternal grandfather, Konoe Fumimaro, was prime minister of Japan in 1937–39 and 1940–41. After graduating from Sophia University, Tokyo, Hosokawa

Japan: The establishment of the Muromachi bakufu: …the successive shogunal deputies (kanrei) Hosokawa Yoriyuki and Shiba Yoshimasa, gradually overcame the power of the great military governors (shugo) who had been so important in the founding of the new regime. He destroyed the Yamana family in 1391, and, in uniting the Northern and Southern courts, attacked and destroyed…

music: Referentialists and nonreferentialists: …according to the American theorists John Hospers in Meaning and Truth in the Arts (1946) and Donald Ferguson in Music as Metaphor (1960). Meyer made the observation that while most referentialists are expressionists, not all expressionists are referentialists. He made the useful distinction between absolute expressionists and referential expressionists and…

hospice, a home or hospital established to relieve the physical and emotional suffering of the dying. The term hospice dates back to the European Middle Ages, when it denoted places of charitable refuge offering rest and refreshment to pilgrims and travelers. Such homes were often provided by

José Clemente Orozco: Mature work and later years: …chapel of the orphanage of Cabañas Hospice (1938–39), respectively. In these murals Orozco recapitulated the historical themes he had developed at Dartmouth and in Catharsis but with an intensity of anguish and despair he never again attempted. He portrayed history blindly careening toward Armageddon. The only hope for salvation in…

Frederick Wiseman: … [1969]), an inner-city hospital (Hospital [1970]), military training (Basic Training [1971]), a juvenile court (Juvenile Court [1973]), animal experimentation (Primate [1974]), a city welfare office (Welfare [1975]), an exclusive department store (The Store [1983]), an intensive-care hospital ward (

hospital, an institution that is built, staffed, and equipped for the diagnosis of disease; for the treatment, both medical and surgical, of the sick and the injured; and for their housing during this process. The modern hospital also often serves as a centre for investigation and for teaching. To

almoner: …in 1964 by the title medical social worker, the term also used in the United States. Medical social workers are employed by hospitals and public health departments.

Uruguay: Health and welfare: The large Hospital de Clínicas in Montevideo has long been a low-cost medical service centre for the needy as well as a research centre. Life expectancy is relatively high, with averages of 73 years for males and 79 years for females.

Joseph Lister: Education: …hospital disease (now known as operative sepsis—infection of the blood by disease-producing microorganisms) would be greatly decreased in their new building. The hope proved vain, however. Lister reported that, in his Male Accident Ward, between 45 and 50 percent of his amputation cases died from sepsis between 1861 and 1865.

Hospitallers, a religious military order that was founded at Jerusalem in the 11th century and that, headquartered in Rome, continues its humanitarian tasks in most parts of the modern world under several slightly different names and jurisdictions. The origin of the Hospitallers was an 11th-century

Augustinian: A distinct group is the Hospital Sisters of Hôtel-Dieu and Malestroit. Sisters following the Rule of St. Augustine were staffing the Hôtel-Dieu in Paris at least from about 1217. They not only survived the French Revolution but were even allowed to continue their work. Though expelled in 1907, they managed…

Janette Turner Hospital is an Australian novelist and short-story writer who explored the political, cultural, and interpersonal boundaries that separate different peoples. Hospital graduated from the University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia (B.A., 1965), and Queen’s University, Kingston,

Michel de L’Hospital was a statesman, lawyer, and humanist who, as chancellor of France from 1560 to 1568, was instrumental in the adoption by the French government of a policy of toleration toward the Huguenots. L’Hospital studied law at Toulouse but was forced into exile because of his father’s

Arthur Hiller: Films of the 1970s: The Hospital (1971) was more ambitious, a bleak satire featuring an Oscar-winning script by Chayefsky. George C. Scott was outstanding as the suicidal chief of surgery who falls in love with a patient’s daughter (Diana Rigg). Hiller’s string of successes ended, however, with Man of…

Hospitallers, a religious military order that was founded at Jerusalem in the 11th century and that, headquartered in Rome, continues its humanitarian tasks in most parts of the modern world under several slightly different names and jurisdictions. The origin of the Hospitallers was an 11th-century

Teutonic Order, religious order that played a major role in eastern Europe in the late Middle Ages and that underwent various changes in organization and residence from its founding in 1189/90 to the present. Its major residences, marking its major states of development, were: (1) Acre, Palestine

L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, city, Barcelona provincia (province), in the comunidad autónoma (autonomous community) of Catalonia, northeastern Spain. It is a southwestern industrial suburb of Barcelona city and extends from the Marina Mountains to the coastal delta of the Llobregat River. First known

Tahar Ben Jelloun: …racisme et immigration maghrebine (1984; French Hospitality: Racism and North African Immigrants) and Le Racisme expliqué à ma fille (1998; Racism Explained to My Daughter), two provocative tracts that address the issue of xenophobia in France. The question-and-answer format of the latter was further employed in L’Islam expliqué aux enfants…

insurance: Types of policies: Hospitalization insurance indemnifies for room and board in the hospital, laboratory fees, use of special facilities, nursing care, and certain medicines and supplies. The contracts contain specific limitations on coverage, such as a maximum number of days in the hospital and maximum allowances for room…

Saint John of God: …was the founder of the Hospitaller Order of St. John of God (Brothers Hospitallers), a Roman Catholic religious order of nursing brothers. In 1886 Pope Leo XIII declared him patron of hospitals and the sick.

Hospitallers, a religious military order that was founded at Jerusalem in the 11th century and that, headquartered in Rome, continues its humanitarian tasks in most parts of the modern world under several slightly different names and jurisdictions. The origin of the Hospitallers was an 11th-century

St. Anthony of Egypt: The Order of Hospitallers of St. Anthony was founded near Grenoble, France (c. 1100), and this institution became a pilgrimage centre for persons suffering from the disease known as St. Anthony’s fire (or ergotism). The black-robed Hospitallers, ringing small bells as they collected alms, were a…

Greece: The Phanariotes of Greece: …by Phanariotes were those of hospodar, or prince, of the Danubian principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. Phanariotes ruled those potentially rich provinces as the viceroys of the sultans, and their luxurious courts in Jassy (now Iași, Romania) and Bucharest copied on a lesser scale the splendour of the imperial court…

Rudolf Franz Höss was a German soldier and Nazi partisan who served as commandant of the Auschwitz concentration and extermination camp complex (1940–45) during a period when as many as 1,000,000 to 2,500,000 inmates perished there. After serving in World War I, Höss joined conservative cliques,

Michel Aoun: Military career and role in the civil war: The interim government of Salim al-Hoss, who had been appointed as caretaker after Karami’s assassination, insisted that it remained in charge. Lebanon was left with two governments, Aoun’s government in East Beirut and Hoss’s government in West Beirut.

John A. List: …in his joint work with Tanjim Hossain, in which they gathered data from manufacturing plants in China, List demonstrated that incentives designed to trigger loss aversion were surprisingly effective in improving worker productivity. As he discovered, workers who are paid a bonus at the beginning of a project and are…

Khaled Hosseini is an Afghan-born American novelist who is known for his vivid depictions of Afghanistan, most notably in The Kite Runner (2003). Hosseini grew up in Kabul; his father was a diplomat and his mother a secondary-school teacher. In 1976 he and his parents moved to Paris, where his

Yogachara: Transmitted to Japan, as Hossō, sometime after 654, the Yogachara school split into two branches, the Northern and the Southern. During the 8th century it enjoyed a period of political influence and produced such celebrated priests as Gembō and Dōkyō. In modern times the school retained the important temples…

idolatry: …Holy Trinity) and the consecrated Host in the Eucharist (which may properly be adored because it has been changed into the very body of Christ). Although the accusation of idolatry is thus a part of the polemic of Christian against Christian, so that Protestants are accused of bibliolatry and Roman…

Internet: Early networks: …(called host computers or simply hosts) over an entire network. Host-to-host interactions were envisioned, along with access to specialized resources (such as supercomputers and mass storage systems) and interactive access by remote users to the computational powers of time-sharing systems located elsewhere. These ideas were first realized in ARPANET, which…

community ecology: Parasite-host interactions: Parasites and their hosts engage in a similar evolutionary arms race, although in the past parasitologists believed this not to be the case. Instead, parasites were thought to evolve gradually toward reduced antagonism—having a less detrimental effect on their hosts. The degree of…

Internet: Early networks: …(called host computers or simply hosts) over an entire network. Host-to-host interactions were envisioned, along with access to specialized resources (such as supercomputers and mass storage systems) and interactive access by remote users to the computational powers of time-sharing systems located elsewhere. These ideas were first realized in ARPANET, which…

plant disease: Classification of plant diseases by causal agent: Host indexes (lists of diseases known to occur on certain hosts in regions, countries, or continents) are valuable in diagnosis. When an apparently new disease is found on a known host, a check into the index for the specific host often leads to identification of…

Internet: Early networks: …(called host computers or simply hosts) over an entire network. Host-to-host interactions were envisioned, along with access to specialized resources (such as supercomputers and mass storage systems) and interactive access by remote users to the computational powers of time-sharing systems located elsewhere. These ideas were first realized in ARPANET, which…

igneous rock: …have cross-cutting contacts with the country rocks that they have invaded, and in many cases the country rocks show evidence of having been baked and thermally metamorphosed at these contacts. The exposed intrusive rocks are found in a variety of sizes, from small veinlike injections to massive dome-shaped batholiths, which…

Internet: Early networks: …(called host computers or simply hosts) over an entire network. Host-to-host interactions were envisioned, along with access to specialized resources (such as supercomputers and mass storage systems) and interactive access by remote users to the computational powers of time-sharing systems located elsewhere. These ideas were first realized in ARPANET, which…

Stephenie Meyer: …to publish The Host (2008; film 2013). With a similar focus on romantic entanglements between young adults and paranormal beings, the novel presented a world in which extraterrestrials have implanted their consciousness within human bodies, and it extended Meyer’s commercial success. She then released what was thought to be the…

Derek Jacobi: …following year he appeared in The Host and Come Away. He later was cast in A Bird Flew In (2021), a drama that follows various characters as they endure a lockdown during the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic.

hosta, (genus Hosta), any of about 40 species of hardy herbaceous perennials in the asparagus family (Asparagaceae), native to eastern Asia. Several species and cultivars are grown for their conspicuous foliage, which may be light-to-dark green, yellow, blue, or variegated. The plants prefer light