Mae West: The title of her autobiography, Goodness Had Nothing to Do with It (1959), captured her style precisely—it was a retort one of her characters made to the exclamation “Goodness, what beautiful diamonds!”

Alice Dunbar Nelson: Her short-story collection The Goodness of St. Rocque, and Other Stories was published as a companion piece to her husband’s Poems of Cabin and Field in 1899. The volume helped establish her as a skillful portrayer of Creole culture. She moved to Delaware after she and Dunbar separated in…

statistics: Hypothesis testing: A goodness-of-fit test refers to a hypothesis test in which the null hypothesis is that the population has a specific probability distribution, such as a normal probability distribution. Nonparametric statistical methods also involve a variety of hypothesis-testing procedures.

Canadian literature: Drama: Ann-Marie MacDonald’s Goodnight Desdemona (Good Morning Juliet) (1990), which juxtaposes a contemporary academic with Shakespeare’s Othello, Romeo, and Juliet, has been produced across Canada and worldwide. Brad Fraser’s quirky Unidentified Human Remains and the True Nature of Love (1990) presents seven disturbing characters communicating through an answering…

Billy Joel: 52nd Street to River of Dreams: …conscious songs, “Allentown” and “Goodnight Saigon” (about unemployed steel workers and Vietnam War veterans, respectively).

Goodnight-Loving Trail, historic cattle trail that originated in Young county, western Texas, U.S. The trail ran southwest to connect with the Pecos River and thence up the river valley to Fort Sumner, New Mexico, and north to the railhead at Denver, Colorado. The trail was established in 1866 by

Charles Goodnight was an American cattleman, who helped bring law and order to the Texas Panhandle. Goodnight’s mother and stepfather brought him to Texas in 1846. He became a cattleman in 1856, then a Texas Ranger (1861?) and an Indian fighter, and finally a rancher and cattle driver, laying out a

Lead Belly: …six months his song “Goodnight, Irene” became a million-record hit for the singing group the Weavers; along with other pieces from his repertoire, among them “The Midnight Special” and “Rock Island Line,” it became a standard.

Danica McKellar: McKellar also published Goodnight, Numbers (2017), Ten Magic Butterflies (2018), and Bathtime Mathtime (2018), books for young children, and Do Not Open This Math Book! (2018) and The Times Machine!: Learn Multiplication and Division…Like, Yesterday! (2020), for elementary-school students.

Goodnight-Loving Trail, historic cattle trail that originated in Young county, western Texas, U.S. The trail ran southwest to connect with the Pecos River and thence up the river valley to Fort Sumner, New Mexico, and north to the railhead at Denver, Colorado. The trail was established in 1866 by

Frank J. Goodnow was an educator, long-time president of Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, and a political scientist known for his contributions to the study of public administration. Goodnow earned his law degree at Columbia University (1882) and, after a year of study in Paris and Berlin,

immune system disorder: Other autoimmune disorders: …different example is provided by Goodpasture syndrome, a disorder in which autoantibodies form against the basement membrane of the blood vessels in the kidney glomeruli and in the air sacs of the lung. The autoantibodies cause severe kidney damage and lung hemorrhage.

immune system disorder: Other autoimmune disorders: …different example is provided by Goodpasture syndrome, a disorder in which autoantibodies form against the basement membrane of the blood vessels in the kidney glomeruli and in the air sacs of the lung. The autoantibodies cause severe kidney damage and lung hemorrhage.

E.W. Goodpasture was an American pathologist whose method (1931) for cultivating viruses and rickettsia in fertile chicken eggs made possible the production of vaccines for such diseases as smallpox, influenza, yellow fever, typhus, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and other illnesses caused by agents

E.W. Goodpasture was an American pathologist whose method (1931) for cultivating viruses and rickettsia in fertile chicken eggs made possible the production of vaccines for such diseases as smallpox, influenza, yellow fever, typhus, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and other illnesses caused by agents

B.F. Goodrich Company, major American brand and manufacturing company of the 20th century, for 90 years a maker of automobile tires and related products. Founded in Akron, Ohio, the company grew out of a partnership—Goodrich, Tew and Company—formed in 1870 by Benjamin Franklin Goodrich, a medical

radio: Variety shows: Rudy Vallee, who starred in The Fleischmann Yeast Hour for a decade on NBC, beginning on October 24, 1929. The wavy-haired heartthrob not only crooned and provided dance music but also bantered with guest stars and introduced a lengthy dramatic sketch on each program.

Abigail Goodrich Whittelsey was an American editor whose mission in her magazine work was to provide information and instruction on the role of mothers. Abigail Goodrich was the daughter of a clergyman and was an elder sister of Samuel Griswold Goodrich, later famous as Peter Parley, author of

The Diary of Anne Frank: The screenplay was written by Frances Goodrich and Albert Hackett, who adapted their Pulitzer Prize-winning play of the same name.

Samuel Griswold Goodrich was an American publisher and author of children’s books under the pseudonym of Peter Parley. Largely self-educated, Goodrich became a bookseller and publisher at Hartford and later in Boston. There, beginning in 1828, he published for 15 years an illustrated annual, the

Roscoe Arbuckle was a rotund American comedian and film director of the silent era whose successful career was halted by the first of the major Hollywood scandals. (Read Lillian Gish’s 1929 Britannica essay on silent film.) Arbuckle began entering five-dollar amateur shows in his preteen years, and

John Goodricke was an English astronomer who was the first to notice that some variable stars (stars whose observed light varies noticeably in intensity) were periodic. He also gave the first accurate explanation for one type of periodic variable. Goodricke was deaf, probably because of a serious

Sarah Goodridge was an American painter of exceptional natural talent who overcame her untutored beginnings to become a highly successful miniaturist. Goodridge attended district schools and briefly, at age 17, a school in Milton, Massachusetts, where she had gone to live with her elder brother’s

marketing: Product: The first marketing-mix element is the product, which refers to the offering or group of offerings that will be made available to customers. In the case of a physical product, such as a car, a company will gather information about the features…

Canada: The administration of Brian Mulroney, 1984–93: …a highly unpopular (and visible) tax on goods and services (GST). In December 1992 Canada signed the multilateral North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) with the United States and Mexico.

India: Monetary and tax reforms: …tax regime known as the Goods and Services Tax (GST) was implemented. The new tax system replaced a number of taxes levied throughout the country by various jurisdictions and unified them under one system and thus eliminated the problem of cascading tax. Its implementation caused temporary confusion among businesses, but…

freight car, railroad car designed to carry cargo. Early freight cars were made largely of wood. All-steel cars were introduced by about 1896 and within 30 years had almost completely replaced the wooden variety. Modern freight cars vary widely in shape and size, but virtually all of them evolved

carriage of goods, in law, the transportation of goods by land, sea, or air. The relevant law governs the rights, responsibilities, liabilities, and immunities of the carrier and of the persons employing the services of the carrier. Until the development of railroads, the most prominent mode of

Grace Paley was an American short-story writer and poet known for her realistic seriocomic portrayals of working-class New Yorkers and for her political activism. Paley’s first languages were Russian and Yiddish. She attended Hunter College, New York City (1938–39), and then studied with the poet

John Goodsir was a Scottish anatomist and investigator in cellular physiology and pathology who insisted on the importance of the cell as the centre of nutrition and declared that the cell is divided into a number of departments. He was described as “one of the earliest and most acute observers of

Mark Goodson was an American radio and television producer who helped develop many successful radio and television game shows, including the early television game show What’s My Line? (1950–67). Goodson graduated from the University of California in Berkeley (B.A., 1937). He worked as a disc jockey

Edgar J. Goodspeed was an American biblical scholar and linguist, and a contributor to the Revised Standard Version of the Bible. Goodspeed received his graduate education at Yale and the University of Chicago, the latter of which his father helped to found, then joined the faculty at Chicago,

Edgar J. Goodspeed was an American biblical scholar and linguist, and a contributor to the Revised Standard Version of the Bible. Goodspeed received his graduate education at Yale and the University of Chicago, the latter of which his father helped to found, then joined the faculty at Chicago,

Joel Grey: …in the lead role of Goodtime Charley (1975).

Thomas King is a novelist, short-story writer, essayist, screenwriter, and photographer who is a Member of the Order of Canada and was nominated for the Governor General’s Awards. He is often described as one of the finest contemporary Aboriginal writers in North America. The son of a Greek mother

Keeping the balance sheet balanced … with an asterisk.When companies announce acquisitions, the executives throw around a number called goodwill, which is the difference between the price paid and the value of the company’s net assets on its balance sheet. Goodwill is almost always positive—and can

Ted Turner: Philanthropist, conservationist, and sportsman: …also founded and sponsored the Goodwill Games (1986–2001), citing his hope of easing Cold War tensions through friendly athletic competition.

Goodwin Sands, line of shoals trending northeast to southwest for 10 miles (16 km) at the entrance to the Strait of Dover from the North Sea and lying about 6 miles (10 km) off the Kent coast of England. The shifting sands form shelter for the anchorage of The Downs and are partly exposed at low

Doris Kearns Goodwin is an American author and historian known for her highly regarded presidential studies. In 1964 Kearns received a bachelor’s degree from Colby College, Waterville, Maine, and in 1968 she earned a doctorate in government from Harvard University, where she later taught

United Kingdom: Finance and politics: …the lord chancellor and ordered Francis Goodwin, an outlaw, to be seated in the House of Commons. James clumsily intervened in the proceedings, stating that the privileges of the Commons had been granted by the grace of the monarch, a pronouncement that stirred the embers of Elizabethan disputes over parliamentary…

history of film: Origins: …Jersey, an Episcopalian minister named Hannibal Goodwin developed the idea of using celluloid as a base for photographic emulsions. The inventor and industrialist George Eastman, who had earlier experimented with sensitized paper rolls for still photography, began manufacturing celluloid roll film in 1889 at his plant in Rochester, New York.…

John Goodwin was a prominent English Puritan theologian and leader of the “New Arminians.” Educated at Queen’s College, Cambridge, Goodwin served successively as rector of East Rainham, Norfolk (1625–33), and vicar of St. Stephen’s, Coleman Street, London (1633–45). He became a religious

Museum of Modern Art: The 1939 museum building by Philip Goodwin and Edward Durell Stone was later expanded with an addition designed by Philip Johnson, who also planned the garden in 1953. A condominium tower and a west wing that doubled the museum’s exhibition space were completed in 1984. A dramatic expansion and reconfiguration…

Thomas Goodwin was an English Puritan clergyman and a chaplain to Oliver Cromwell who helped draft a confession of faith for Congregationalism. He graduated in 1616 from Christ’s College, Cambridge, where from 1632 to 1634 he was vicar of Trinity Church. Because of Archbishop William Laud’s

Normandy Invasion: Crisis in the German command: …armoured offensive west of Caen, Operation Goodwood, failed on July 18–19, the U.S. First Army conducted a bitter battle of attrition around Saint-Lô in the second and third weeks of July. Its success was to lay the basis for the long-awaited breakout.

Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, a major U.S. manufacturer of tires and related products for passenger cars, trucks, buses, and other vehicles. Headquarters are in Akron, Ohio. Founded as a rubber company by Charles and Frank Seiberling in 1898, Goodyear based its products on the tire designs of

Television in the United States: Anthology series: …on a 1953 episode of The Goodyear TV Playhouse (NBC, 1951–60). This episode, written by Chayefsky, is often cited as perhaps the finest single program of the Golden Age. Other well-regarded anthology series of the time included Kraft Television Theatre (NBC/ABC, 1947–58), Studio One (CBS, 1948–58), U.S. Steel Hour (ABC/CBS,…

Charles Goodyear was an American inventor of the vulcanization process that made possible the commercial use of rubber. Goodyear began his career as a partner in his father’s hardware business, which went bankrupt in 1830. He then became interested in discovering a method of treating india rubber

jewel orchid: Downy rattlesnake plantain (Goodyera pubescens), native to eastern North America, has dark green leaves with silver and white veins. The Hawai’i jewel orchid (Anoectochilus sandvicensis), A. setaceus, A. sikkimensis, Dossinia marmorata, Ludisia discolor, and

ladies’ tresses: Creeping ladies’ tresses (Goodyera repens) is an unrelated British species.

Disney Company: Early years and Mickey Mouse: players Donald Duck, Pluto, and Goofy, as well as the Silly Symphonies series—semiabstract cartoons featuring animation set to classical music or to the music of Carl Stalling, the musician who scored many of the best Disney and Warner Brothers cartoons. The Silly Symphonies entry Flowers and Trees (1932) was the…

Google is an American search engine company, founded in 1998 by Sergey Brin and Larry Page. Since 2015, Google has been a subsidiary of the holding company Alphabet, Inc. More than 70% of worldwide online search requests are handled by Google, placing it at the heart of most Internet users’

Google Workspace, free computer application service offered by the American search engine company Google Inc. Some consider it a kind of freeware. In 2006, in what many in the industry considered the opening salvo in a war with Microsoft Corporation, Google introduced Google Apps—software hosted by

Google: Google Books: In the early 2000s, Google launched what might have been considered the largest and most ambitious library project ever attempted. Google was planning to scan and digitize all available books across the globe to create the world’s most comprehensive digital library. This project,…

Chrome, an Internet browser released by Google, Inc., a major American search engine company, in 2008. By 2013 Chrome had become the dominant browser, surpassing Microsoft’s Internet Explorer and Mozilla’s Firefox in popularity. Chrome is based on the open-source code of the Chromium project, but

Google Docs, free cloud-based word processor offered by the American search engine company Google. Google Docs was originally built on the foundation of Writely, an early browser-based word processor with real-time collaborative editing. Writely was created by software programmers Claudia

Google Earth, mapping service produced by the American search engine company Google. Google Earth allows users to call up on their computer screens detailed satellite images of most locations on Earth. These maps can be combined with various overlays—such as street names, weather patterns, crime

Google: Early investment, rapid growth, and a 2004 IPO: …proprietary pieces of computer code: Google File System (GFS), Bigtable, and MapReduce. GFS handles the storage of data in “chunks” across several machines; Bigtable is the company’s database program; and MapReduce is used by Google to generate higher-level data (e.g., putting together an index of Web pages that contain the…

Google is an American search engine company, founded in 1998 by Sergey Brin and Larry Page. Since 2015, Google has been a subsidiary of the holding company Alphabet, Inc. More than 70% of worldwide online search requests are handled by Google, placing it at the heart of most Internet users’

Google Knol, free Internet-based encyclopaedia hosted (2007–12) by the American search engine company Google Inc. On December 13, 2007, Google announced that it was entering the online encyclopaedia business with Knol. (The company defined a knol as a unit of knowledge.) The Knol Web site was

Google is an American search engine company, founded in 1998 by Sergey Brin and Larry Page. Since 2015, Google has been a subsidiary of the holding company Alphabet, Inc. More than 70% of worldwide online search requests are handled by Google, placing it at the heart of most Internet users’

Google: Android OS and entry into the smartphone market: …Apple’s iPhone by introducing the Nexus One smartphone. Nicknamed the “Google Phone,” the Nexus One used the latest version of Android and featured a large, vibrant display screen, aesthetically pleasing design, and a voice-to-text messaging system that was based on advanced voice-recognition software. However, its lack of native support for…

Google: Google Books: In the early 2000s, Google launched what might have been considered the largest and most ambitious library project ever attempted. Google was planning to scan and digitize all available books across the globe to create the world’s most comprehensive digital library. This project,…

Google: Google Video and YouTube: In January 2005 Google launched Google Video, which enabled individuals to search the close-captioned text from television broadcasts. A few months later Google began accepting user-submitted videos, with submitters setting the prices for others to download and view the videos. In…

Google Voice, telecommunications service introduced in 2009 by the American search engine company Google Inc. In 2007 Google acquired GrandCentral, a start-up subscription service that offered the promise of “one telephone number to rule them all”—a single number that users could give out to

Google Workspace, free computer application service offered by the American search engine company Google Inc. Some consider it a kind of freeware. In 2006, in what many in the industry considered the opening salvo in a war with Microsoft Corporation, Google introduced Google Apps—software hosted by

Google: Social networks and Google+: Google was late to recognize the popularity and advertising potential of social networks such as Facebook and Twitter. Its first attempt to create a social network, Google Buzz, started in 2010 and closed less than two years later. Among several problems, the network was…

cricket: Bowling: A “googly” (coined by cricketer B.J.T. Bosanquet on the 1903–04 MCC tour) is a ball bowled with fingerspin that breaks unexpectedly in the opposite direction from that anticipated by the batsman given the motion of the bowler. A more recent variation in bowling is known as…

Larry Page: …a misspelling of the word googol (a mathematical term for the number 1 followed by 100 zeros). By September 1998 the two had founded Google Inc., with Page as chief executive officer (CEO). The next year Google received $25 million of venture capital funding and was processing 500,000 queries per…

Googoosh is an Iranian singer and actress who was one of Iran’s most popular and enduring entertainers despite being banned from performing for some 20 years following the Iranian Revolution (1978–79). Called “Googoosh” from birth, she began singing and acting at a young age, performing with her

Noord-Holland: …with small rural villages, the Gooi region of lakes and woods to the southeast has grown into a considerable resort, residential, and industrial area that is centred on Hilversum (site of many powerful radio stations, including Radio Nederland) and Bussum. Area 1,580 square miles (4,092 square km). Pop. (2009 est.)…

Maurice Gee: …dystopian series comprising Salt (2007), Gool (2008), and The Limping Man (2010) was lauded for its unsparing descriptions and careful characterizations. In The Severed Land (2017) a girl who has escaped slavery and a revenge-seeking drummer boy join forces to undertake a perilous quest. Gee later published the memoir Memory…

Ashleigh Barty: …the first Australian woman since Evonne Goolagong Cawley in 1980 to claim the Wimbledon singles title.

Goole, town (parish), unitary authority of East Riding of Yorkshire, historic county of Yorkshire, northern England. Situated at the confluence of the Rivers Don and Ouse, it is the most westerly port of the Humber estuary and the eastern terminus of the Aire and Calder navigation system. Although

Goolwa, town, southeastern South Australia, near the mouth of the Murray River, 40 miles (65 km) southeast of Adelaide. It is located on the Goolwa Channel, which is crossed by a barrage (1939) to prevent tidal inflow and to control water draining from the estuarine Lake Alexandrina to the sea.

A Hard Day’s Night: …Brothers and of BBC Radio’s The Goon Show. The Beatles got memorable support from character actor Wilfred Brambell as Paul’s “clean old man” of a grumpy grandfather.

Guna, city, northern Madhya Pradesh state, central India. It lies on the Madhya Bharat Plateau, just west of the Sind River. Guna rose to prominence in the mid-19th century when it became a military station for the Gwalior Cavalry. The presiding Hindu deity of Guna is Hanuman, whose temples are

Goondiwindi, town, southern Queensland, Australia, on the Macintyre River and the Queensland–New South Wales border. It was proclaimed a town in 1888, its name coming from an Aboriginal word meaning “resting place for birds.” Goondiwindi is today the service centre for a rich cattle- and

albatross, (family Diomedeidae), any of more than a dozen species of large seabirds that collectively make up the family Diomedeidae (order Procellariiformes). Because of their tameness on land, many albatrosses are known by the common names mollymawk (from the Dutch for “foolish gull”) and gooney.

albatross, (family Diomedeidae), any of more than a dozen species of large seabirds that collectively make up the family Diomedeidae (order Procellariiformes). Because of their tameness on land, many albatrosses are known by the common names mollymawk (from the Dutch for “foolish gull”) and gooney.

Richard Donner: Films of the 1980s: …another hit with the family-adventure The Goonies, based on a story by Steven Spielberg. It was a lively modern-day treasure hunt with an ethnically mixed, gender-balanced juvenile cast. Donner found even greater success with the blockbuster Lethal Weapon (1987). A spin on the mismatched-partners chestnut—Danny Glover played a by-the-book police…

Charles W. Chesnutt: His short story “The Goophered Grapevine,” the first work by a Black person accepted by The Atlantic Monthly (August 1887), was so subtle in its refutation of the plantation school of Thomas Nelson Page—whose stories and other writings romanticized life in the antebellum South and contributed to the…

caricature and cartoon: 20th century: …costume, and Gelett Burgess, whose Goops for children were spaghetti-like little figures whose behaviour illustrated a moral.

merganser: The common merganser, or goosander (M. merganser), is of mallard size; the male lacks a noticeable crest. It usually nests in hollow trees in north temperate to subarctic regions and migrates to more southerly rivers. The somewhat smaller and ground-nesting red-breasted merganser (M. serrator) has a…

goose, ancient French board game, said to have been derived from the Greeks, which was popular in Europe at the end of the Middle Ages. Goose was played on a board upon which was drawn a fantastic scroll, called the jardin de l’oie (“goose garden”), divided into 63 spaces marked with certain

Wayne Embry is an American professional basketball player and the first African American to serve as the general manager of a professional sports franchise. A native of Ohio, Embry starred for the Miami (of Ohio) University basketball team (which retired his jersey) before becoming a member of the

goose, any of various large heavy-bodied waterfowl intermediate in size and build between large ducks and swans, especially those of the genera Anser (so-called gray geese) and Branta (so-called black geese) in the bird family Anatidae. Associated mainly with fresh water and living in the Northern

barnacle: …(stalked) forms include the common goose barnacle (genus Lepas), found worldwide on driftwood. Acorn barnacles, also called rock barnacles, are sessile (not stalked); their symmetrical shells tend to be barrellike or broadly conical. This group includes Balanus, responsible for much of the fouling of ships and harbour structures. Wart barnacles,…

goshawk: …bird catchers, of which the northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) is best known. Originally called “goose hawk,” perhaps because of its size and its finely barred gray plumage, this bird reaches about 60 centimetres (2 feet) in length with a 1.3-m (4.3-ft) wingspread. It has long been used in falconry, where…

doublet: An extreme fashion, the peascod, or goose-bellied doublet, came to England from Holland in the 1570s; it was padded to a point at the waist and swelled out over the girdle. It survives in the traditional costume of Punch.

gooseberry, any of several species of flowering shrubs of the genus Ribes (family Grossulariaceae), cultivated for their edible fruits and as ornamentals. Currants and gooseberries form two groups within the genus Ribes; some taxonomic systems formerly placed gooseberries in their own genus,

Mulberry: …lines of scuttled ships (called Gooseberries), and a line of floating breakwaters (called Bombardons). It was estimated that construction of the caissons alone required 330,000 cubic yards (252,000 cubic metres) of concrete, 31,000 tons of steel, and 1.5 million yards (1.4 million metres) of steel shuttering.

ribes: the gooseberries, constituting the family Grossulariaceae. They are native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, extending southward in the Americas into the Andes. Some authorities formerly separated the gooseberries as the genus Grossularia. The tart fruits of both groups are used in cooking and baking, and several species…

grossular, a calcium aluminum garnet that sometimes resembles the gooseberry fruit. It can be colourless (when pure), white, yellow, brown, red, or green. Massive greenish grossular, though only superficially resembling jade, is sometimes marketed under the name South African, or Transvaal, jade in

Jack Black: Superstardom: …Age (2002), Shark Tale (2004), Goosebumps (2015), and The Super Mario Bros. Movie (2023). In 2017 he portrayed Professor Shelly Oberon in the fantasy adventure film Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle.

Goosebumps, popular series of horror books for children written between 1992 and 1997 by American novelist R.L. Stine. Goosebumps is the second highest selling children’s book series in history, next to the Harry Potter series. Stine’s novels, which mix horror with comedy in an age-appropriate

R.L. Stine: …the film Goosebumps (2015) and Goosebumps 2 (2018), in which the author’s terrifying characters come to life.

Goosebumps: …include Give Yourself Goosebumps (1995–2000), Goosebumps HorrorLand (2008–11), Goosebumps Most Wanted (2012–16), Goosebumps SlappyWorld (2017–23), and Goosebumps House of Shivers (2023– ).

goosefish, any of about 25 species of anglerfishes of the family Lophiidae (order Lophiiformes), found in warm and temperate seas around the world. Goosefishes are soft and flabby with wide, flattened heads and slender, tapering bodies. They may grow to a maximum length and weight of about 1.8

human disease: Maintenance of health: On a cold day gooseflesh may develop, an example of a homeostatic response that is a throwback to mechanisms in lower animals. In fur-bearing ancestors of humans, cold external environments caused the individual hair shafts to rise and, in effect, produce a heavier, thicker insulation of the body against…