Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman was a British prime minister from December 5, 1905, to April 5, 1908. His popularity unified his own Liberal Party and the unusually strong cabinet that he headed. He took the lead in granting self-government to the Transvaal (1906) and the Orange River Colony (1907),

Hasan Abdal, town, northern Pakistan. The town is a textile and communications centre that is connected by the Grand Trunk Road and by rail with Peshawar and Rawalpindi. It has government colleges affiliated with the University of the Punjab. The Buddhist site of Hasan Abdal, just east of the town,

Campbell family, Scottish noble family. The Campbells of Lochow gained prominence in the later Middle Ages. In 1457 Colin Campbell, Baron Campbell (died 1493), was created 1st earl of Argyll. Archibald (died 1558), 4th earl, was a leading Protestant. Archibald (1532?–1573), 5th earl, was also a

Campbellsville, city, seat of Taylor county, central Kentucky, U.S. It lies near the juncture of the Bluegrass, Pennyroyal, and Knobs regions, 85 miles (137 km) south-southeast of Louisville. Founded in 1817 and named for Adam and Andrew Campbell, early settlers, it became the seat of Taylor county

Campbelltown, city within the Sydney metropolitan area, eastern New South Wales, southeastern Australia. The town was founded in 1810 by Gov. Lachlan Macquarie, who named it for his wife, the former Elizabeth Campbell. In 1882 it became a municipality and absorbed the historic villages of

Campbeltown, small royal burgh (town) and seaport, Argyll and Bute council area, historic county of Argyllshire, western Scotland. Campbeltown is the main centre of the Peninsula of Kintyre, which is 40 miles (65 km) long and protrudes into the Atlantic. By sea it is 83 miles (134 km) southwest of

children’s literature: Germany and Austria: … (1779; “The Young Robinson”), by Joachim Heinrich Campe, who adapted Defoe along Rousseauist lines, his eye sharply fixed on what he considered to be the natural interests of the child. Interchapters of useful moral conversations between the author and his pupils were a feature of the book. Campe’s widespread activities…

El Cid was a Castilian military leader and national hero. His popular name, El Cid (from Spanish Arabic al-sīd, “lord”), dates from his lifetime. Rodrigo Díaz’s father, Diego Laínez, was a member of the minor nobility (infanzones) of Castile. But the Cid’s social background was less unprivileged

Campeche, estado (state), southeastern Mexico, on the western part of the Yucatán Peninsula. It is bounded to the north and east by the state of Yucatán, to the east by the state of Quintana Roo, to the south by Guatemala, to the southwest by the state of Tabasco, and to the west by the Bay of

Campeche, city, port on the Gulf of Mexico, and capital of Campeche estado (state), southeastern Mexico. It lies on the Yucatán Peninsula at the western end of a fertile plain in a natural amphitheatre formed by hills overlooking the Bay of Campeche. The Spanish town was founded in 1540 on the site

Campeche, city, port on the Gulf of Mexico, and capital of Campeche estado (state), southeastern Mexico. It lies on the Yucatán Peninsula at the western end of a fertile plain in a natural amphitheatre formed by hills overlooking the Bay of Campeche. The Spanish town was founded in 1540 on the site

Campeche: …Campeche (founded 1985) and the Autonomous University of Campeche (1756; refounded 1965). Pop. (2010) 220,389; (2020) 249,623.

Bay of Campeche, bay of the Gulf of Mexico, southern Mexico. It is bounded by the Yucatán Peninsula to the east, by the Isthmus of Tehuantepec to the south, and by southern Veracruz to the west. The bay covers an area of about 6,000 square miles (15,540 square km) and generally cannot be entered by

Bay of Campeche, bay of the Gulf of Mexico, southern Mexico. It is bounded by the Yucatán Peninsula to the east, by the Isthmus of Tehuantepec to the south, and by southern Veracruz to the west. The bay covers an area of about 6,000 square miles (15,540 square km) and generally cannot be entered by

Bay of Campeche, bay of the Gulf of Mexico, southern Mexico. It is bounded by the Yucatán Peninsula to the east, by the Isthmus of Tehuantepec to the south, and by southern Veracruz to the west. The bay covers an area of about 6,000 square miles (15,540 square km) and generally cannot be entered by

Naval Battle of Campeche, (30 April and 16 May 1843). The naval battle of Campeche, a part of the struggle of the Republic of Texas to assert its independence from Mexico, was arguably the only battle ever won by sailing ships against steamships. It was also the last battle fought between ships

Lorenzo Campeggio was an Italian cardinal, humanist, and lawyer who, upon entering the service of the church in 1510, became one of the most valued representatives of the papacy. Between 1511 and 1539 five popes employed Campeggio almost continuously as nuncio or legate; his political and religious

Jacob van Campen was a Dutch architect, one of the leaders of a group of architects who created a restrained architectural style that was suited to the social and political climate of the Netherlands. Van Campen began his career as a painter. He studied the work of Andrea Palladio and others in

Wolfgang Beltracchi: Ernst, Max Pechstein, Georges Braque, Heinrich Campendonk, Johannes Molzahn, Kees van Dongen, and Fernand Léger. He is thought to be the most successful art forger of all time.

cuckoo-shrike: In Campephaga, mainly an African genus, males are glossy black, females brownish and barred. An example is the 20-centimetre (8-inch) black cuckoo-shrike (C. phoenicea, including sulphurata), which has red- and yellow-shouldered races. African forms, sometimes separately classified as Lobotos, have bill wattles. The ground cuckoo-shrike (Pteropodocys…

Campephagidae, songbird family, order Passeriformes, including cuckoo-shrikes and minivets. The nearly 90 species, found from Africa to the Pacific Islands, are 13 to 35 cm (5 to 14 inches) in length and have slightly hooked bills, rather long tails, and fluffy plumage with loose, stiff feathers on

Campephagidae, songbird family, order Passeriformes, including cuckoo-shrikes and minivets. The nearly 90 species, found from Africa to the Pacific Islands, are 13 to 35 cm (5 to 14 inches) in length and have slightly hooked bills, rather long tails, and fluffy plumage with loose, stiff feathers on

ivory-billed woodpecker: A related species, the imperial woodpecker (C. imperialis) of Mexico, is the largest woodpecker in the world. It is critically endangered and possibly extinct. All these birds appear to require large trees and isolation from disturbance.

ivory-billed woodpecker, (Campephilus principalis), 45-cm (18-inch) black-and-white bird with a flaring crest (red in the male) and a long whitish bill. It belongs to the family Picidae (order Piciformes). The species was thought to be extinct, though there were unconfirmed sightings of the bird in

ivory-billed woodpecker: A subspecies, the Cuban ivory-billed woodpecker (Campephilus principalis bairdii), was last officially sighted in the late 1980s and is believed to be extinct. A related species, the imperial woodpecker (C. imperialis) of Mexico, is the largest woodpecker in the world. It is critically endangered and possibly extinct. All…

elm: Major species: glabra), with smoother bark; and Camperdown elm (U. glabra camperdownii), a variety of Wych elm also known as umbrella elm because of its drooping branches. The fast-growing Siberian elm (U. pumila), a brittle-twigged weak-wooded tree, is sometimes planted for quick shade and for windbreaks.

Bolivia: Formation of Liberal and Conservative parties: …with the presidency (1880–84) of Narciso Campero, Bolivia moved into an era of civilian government. The country’s upper classes divided their support between two parties—Liberal and Conservative— and then proceeded to share power through them. This intraclass political party system finally brought Bolivia the stability it needed for economic development:…

camping: History: …wrote the first edition of The Camper’s Handbook in 1908. His urge to camp derived from his experiences as a boy: in 1853 he crossed the prairies of the United States in a wagon train, covering some 1,200 miles (1,900 km) with a company of 300. In 1877 he camped…

camping: Youth camping: …Great Britain in 1910), the Camp Fire Boys and Girls (U.S., 1910), and the Girl Scouts (U.S., 1912; patterned after the Girl Guides). Most other organizations concerned with young people, such as the Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA), the Young Women’s Christian Association (YWCA), and many others, also undertook camp…

isoprenoid: Monoterpenes: fenchyl alcohol, and the hydrocarbon camphene.

camphor, an organic compound of penetrating, somewhat musty aroma, used for many centuries as a component of incense and as a medicinal. Modern uses of camphor have been as a plasticizer for cellulose nitrate and as an insect repellent, particularly for moths. The molecular formula is C10H16O.

pattern glass: Some popular patterns, known as camphor glass, combined the use of clear glass with an acid-finished design.

camphor: camphor laurel, Cinnamomum camphora, common in China, Taiwan, and Japan. It is isolated by passing steam through the pulverized wood and condensing the vapours; camphor crystallizes from the oily portion of the distillate and is purified by pressing and sublimation. Since the early 1930s camphor…

camphor: camphor laurel, Cinnamomum camphora, common in China, Taiwan, and Japan. It is isolated by passing steam through the pulverized wood and condensing the vapours; camphor crystallizes from the oily portion of the distillate and is purified by pressing and sublimation. Since the early 1930s camphor…

paregoric, preparation principally used in the treatment of diarrhea. Paregoric, which decreases movement of the stomach and intestinal muscles, is made from opium tincture (laudanum) or from powdered opium and includes anise oil, camphor, benzoic acid, glycerin, and diluted alcohol. The usual

furniture: Chest: On later camphorwood chests the brass mounts are sunk flush with the surface of the wood, just as on portable writing desks and toilet cases of the French Empire period. Veneered wood was not suitable for chests intended for travel purposes, but it was possible to cover…

Dutch literature: Religious poetry: Ironically, Dirk Rafaëlszoon Camphuysen, removed from his parish because of his unorthodoxy, satisfied a widespread demand for personal, devotional poetry in Stichtelycke rymen (1624; “Edifying Poems”). Equally popular was the introspective mystical poetry by the ascetic Jan Luyken, a layman who began by writing hedonistic songs…

Giulio Campi: …his brothers, Vincenzo (1536–91) and Antonio (1536–c. 1591); the latter was also a sculptor and historian of Cremona. Bernardino Campi (1522–c. 1592), unrelated to the family, was a pupil of Giulio and master of Elena and Sofonisba Anguissola.

Sofonisba Anguissola: …board in the household of Bernardino Campi, a prominent local painter. They remained under instruction with Campi for three years until he moved from Cremona to Milan. Sofonisba continued her training with Bernardino Gatti, through whom she gained an appreciation of the work of Correggio. During this period of her…

Giulio Campi was an Italian painter and architect who led the formation of the Cremonese school. His work, and that of his followers, was elegant and eclectic. Campi was a prolific painter, working in both oil and fresco; at its best his work was distinguished by the richness of its colour. He

Thomas Campion was an English poet, composer, musical and literary theorist, and physician. He was one of the outstanding songwriters of the brilliant English lutenist school of the late 16th and early 17th centuries. His lyric poetry reflects his musical abilities in its subtle mastery of rhythmic

Sardinian language: Campidanese (Campidanian), centred on Cagliari in the south, was heavily influenced by Catalan and Italian. The northernmost varieties of Sardinian—Sassarese (Sassarian) in the northwest and Gallurese (Gallurian) in the northeast—exhibit a mixed Sardinian-Italian typology as a consequence of the encroachment of medieval Ligurian and Corsican influences.…

Sardinian language: Campidanese (Campidanian), centred on Cagliari in the south, was heavily influenced by Catalan and Italian. The northernmost varieties of Sardinian—Sassarese (Sassarian) in the northwest and Gallurese (Gallurian) in the northeast—exhibit a mixed Sardinian-Italian typology as a consequence of the encroachment of medieval Ligurian and Corsican influences.…

Campidano, narrow, low-lying plain, about 20 mi (32 km) wide, in southwestern Sardinia, Italy, extending inland about 70 mi (110 km) from the Golfo di (Gulf of) Oristano. It separates Sardinia’s small southwestern highland, Iglesiente, from the greater Eastern Highlands, which cover the entire

Robert Campin was one of the earliest and greatest masters of Flemish painting. He has been identified with the Master of Flémalle on stylistic and other grounds. Characterized by a naturalistic conception of form and a poetic representation of the objects of daily life, Campin’s work marks a break

Prahova: The 19th-century Câmpina town is known for Haşdeu Castle, built in the shape of a cross, and for the house of Nicolae Grigorescu (1838–1907), the landscape and genre painter. Doftana has a prison where peasants were confined after the 1907 rebellion.

Campina Grande, city, eastern Paraíba estado (state), northeastern Brazil. It is situated in the Bacamarte Mountains at 1,804 feet (550 metres) above sea level. Located on the site of an Ariú Indian village, it was originally called Porta do Sertão (“Gateway to the Desert”). Made a village in 1766,

Campinas, city, eastern São Paulo estado (state), southeastern Brazil, located in the highlands near the Atibaia River at 2,274 feet (693 metres) above sea level. Formerly known as Nossa Senhora da Conceição de Campinas de Mato Grosso and as São Carlos, it was given town status and was made the

Kempenland, plateau region of northeastern Belgium occupying most of Antwerp province and northern Limburg province. It is a rather dry, infertile region of sandy soil and gravel, with pine woods interspersed among meadows of thin grass and heather. Poor drainage, especially in the lower, western

camping, recreational activity in which participants take up temporary residence in the outdoors, usually using tents or specially designed or adapted vehicles for shelter. Camping was at one time only a rough, back-to-nature pastime for hardy open-air lovers, but it later became the standard

Lena Dunham: …later created the HBO series Camping (2018), which was based on the British show of the same name. The comedy starred Jennifer Garner as an abrasive and controlling wife and mother who organizes a camping trip.

camping: History: …and one in Canada (Canadian Federation of Camping and Caravanning).

camping: History: …other clubs to form the Camping Club of Great Britain and Ireland. Robert Falcon Scott, the famous Antarctic explorer, became the first president of the Camping Club in 1909.

campion, (genus Silene), genus of about 900 species of herbaceous flowering plants of the pink, or carnation, family (Caryophyllaceae). Campions are distributed throughout the world, and several are ornamental rock-garden or border plants. Some species of Silene stand erect; others are spreading or

campion: Major species: Members of the genus Lychnis are usually included in Silene, though the taxonomy of the groups has been contentious.

Albert Campion, fictional English detective, the upper-class protagonist of a series of mystery novels beginning with The Crime at Black Dudley (1929; also published as The Black Dudley Murder) by Margery Allingham. In the early novels, Campion is almost a caricature of an indolent fop. His moneyed

Edith Cresson is known for being the premier of France from May 15, 1991, to April 2, 1992, the first woman in French history to serve as premier. Daughter of a French civil servant, she studied at the School of Higher Commercial Studies, earning a doctorate in demography, and in 1959 married

Jane Campion is a New Zealand director and screenwriter whose films often focus on women who are outsiders in society. Her notable movies include The Piano (1993) and The Power of the Dog (2021). For her work on the latter drama, Campion became just the third woman to win an Academy Award for best

St. Edmund Campion ; canonized October 25, 1970; feast day October 25) was an English Jesuit martyred by the government of Queen Elizabeth I. The son of a London bookseller, Campion was teaching at Oxford University at the time of his ordination (1568) as a deacon in the Anglican church. But, in a

Thomas Campion was an English poet, composer, musical and literary theorist, and physician. He was one of the outstanding songwriters of the brilliant English lutenist school of the late 16th and early 17th centuries. His lyric poetry reflects his musical abilities in its subtle mastery of rhythmic

Campo del Cielo craters, group of small craters in the Gran Chaco region, near the hamlet of Campo del Cielo, north-central Argentina. These craters were attributed in 1933 to meteoritic origin. The largest crater is 250 feet (75 metres); its rim stands 3 feet (1 metre) above the surrounding land.

Vasco Pratolini: …shut down Pratolini’s literary magazine, Campo di Marte, within nine months of its founding in 1939.

Treaty of Campo Formio, (October 17, 1797), a peace settlement between France and Austria, signed at Campo Formio (now Campoformido, Italy), a village in Venezia Giulia southwest of Udine, following the defeat of Austria in Napoleon Bonaparte’s first Italian campaign. The treaty preserved most of

Campo Grande, city, capital of Mato Grosso do Sul estado (state), southwestern Brazil. It lies near the headwaters of the Anhanduí River, in the Maracaju Mountains at 1,770 feet (540 metres) above sea level. Campo Grande is the largest city and the most active commercial centre of Mato Grosso do

Lisbon: Cultural life: The city’s old redbrick bullring, Campo Pequeno, with its Moorish arches and cupolas, draws natives and tourists alike to witness the Portuguese manner of bullfighting. Campo Pequeno reopened in 2006 after a major renovation, which included the addition of a shopping mall, a cinema, restaurants, and a supermarket.

Estanislao del Campo was an Argentine poet and journalist whose Fausto is one of the major works of gaucho poetry. Campo descended from a patrician family and fought to defend Buenos Aires against General Justo José de Urquiza’s troops. He continued his military career while writing, and he rose to

Siena: …large, shell-shaped square called the Piazza del Campo, which is the focus of Siena’s civic life. Tourists come to Siena in large numbers to view the Corsa del Palio, the famous horse races of medieval origin that are held twice annually on the Piazza del Campo amid colourful festivities. Standing…

Ramón de Campoamor y Campoosorio was a Spanish poet whose value lies in his expression of contemporary social attitudes. After studying Latin and philosophy, he went to Madrid, in 1838, to pursue a degree in medicine but turned to literature instead. Although his two early books, Ternezas y floras

Campobasso, city, capital of Molise regione (region), south-central Italy, northeast of Naples. The old town on a hill was abandoned in 1732 by its inhabitants, who built a new town on a lower fertile plain. The Castello Monforte (1459) with six towers of the medieval walls remains in the old town,

Campobello Island, second largest island (9 miles [14 km] long by 3 miles [5 km] wide), after Grand Manan, of a small island group at the entrance to Passamaquoddy Bay (an inlet of the Bay of Fundy), southwestern New Brunswick, southeastern Canada. Although politically Canadian and administered as

dipluran: Members of the family Campodeidae have two long slender abdominal cerci that are sensitive to vibrations.

dipluran: Members of the family Campodeidae have two long slender abdominal cerci that are sensitive to vibrations.

insect: Types of larvae: (caterpillar-like), scarabaeiform (grublike), campodeiform (elongated, flattened, and active), elateriform (wireworm-like), and vermiform (maggot-like). The three types of pupae are: obtect, with appendages more or less glued to the body; exarate, with the appendages free and not glued to the body; and coarctate, which is essentially exarate but remaining…

ant: Natural history: Carpenter ants (Camponotus) are large black ants common in North America that live in old logs and timbers. Some species live in trees or in the hollow stems of weeds. Tailor, or weaver, ants, found in the tropics of Africa (e.g., Tetramorium), make nests of…

Argentina: The return of Peronism: The newly elected president, Héctor J. Cámpora, took office in May 1973. It was immediately clear that he was merely preparing the way for the return of Perón from exile. Tensions rose sharply among Peronists as the organization’s left wing fought with its right-wing Montoneros for influence. At the…

Amazon River: Physiography of the river course: …and stunted arboreal cover (campos). Other tributaries of the Negro, such as the Vaupés and Guainía, drain eastward from the Colombian Oriente. The river traverses some of the least populous and least disturbed parts of the Amazon basin, including several national parks, national forests, and indigenous reserves. In its…

Campos dos Goytacazes, city, northeastern Rio de Janeiro estado (state), eastern Brazil. It is located 35 miles (56 km) up the Paraíba do Sul River from its mouth on the Atlantic coast of eastern Brazil, at 43 feet (13 metres) above sea level. One of the most important commercial cities of the

Antonio Machado: …from pure introspection, and in Campos de Castilla (1912; “Plains of Castile”) he sought to capture the stark landscape and spirit of Castile in a severely denuded and sombre style. His later works, Nuevas canciones (1924; “New Songs”) and Poesías completas (1928; “Complete Poems”), express profound Existential views and reflect…

Campos dos Goytacazes, city, northeastern Rio de Janeiro estado (state), eastern Brazil. It is located 35 miles (56 km) up the Paraíba do Sul River from its mouth on the Atlantic coast of eastern Brazil, at 43 feet (13 metres) above sea level. One of the most important commercial cities of the

Campos dos Goytacazes, city, northeastern Rio de Janeiro estado (state), eastern Brazil. It is located 35 miles (56 km) up the Paraíba do Sul River from its mouth on the Atlantic coast of eastern Brazil, at 43 feet (13 metres) above sea level. One of the most important commercial cities of the

flicker: The campos, or pampas, flicker (C. campestris) and the field flicker (C. campestroides)—sometimes considered to be a single species—are common in east-central South America; they are darker birds with yellow faces and breasts.

Fernando Pessoa was one of the greatest Portuguese poets, whose Modernist work gave Portuguese literature European significance. From the age of seven Pessoa lived in Durban, S.Af., where his stepfather was Portuguese consul. He became a fluent reader and writer of English. With the hope of

Campos, Haroldo de; and Campos, Augusto de: Haroldo and Augusto were also both known as translators; between them they translated into Portuguese works of Ezra Pound (1960), E.E. Cummings (1960), James Joyce (1962), Stéphane Mallarmé (1970), and Vladimir Mayakovsky (1967).

Dilma Rousseff: Presidency: …the Brazilian Socialist Party candidate, Eduardo Campos, died in a plane crash in August. He was replaced by his running mate, green activist Marina Silva, whose candidacy seemed to resonate strongly with the electorate. Moreover, with the October 5 election approaching, Brazil refused to join more than 150 other countries…

Campos, Haroldo de; and Campos, Augusto de were poets and literary critics, best known as the prime movers in the creation of Brazilian concrete poetry in the 1950s. Together with the poets Décio Pignatari and Ferreira Gullar, the Campos brothers launched the first exposition of concrete poetry in

André Campra was one of the most important French composers of operas and sacred music of the early 18th century. Educated at Aix, Campra apparently became, at age 19, music master at Toulon Cathedral. He held similar posts at Arles in 1681 and Toulouse in 1683. In 1694 he became director of music

trumpet creeper, either of two species of ornamental vines of the genus Campsis (family Bignoniaceae, q.v.). Both are deciduous shrubs that climb by aerial rootlets. Campsis radicans, also called trumpet vine and cow itch, is a hardy climber native in eastern and southern United States; it produces

trumpet creeper: The Chinese trumpet creeper (C. grandiflora) of eastern Asia is a poor climber but produces spectacular bunches of brilliant scarlet flowers.

trumpet creeper: Campsis radicans, also called trumpet vine and cow itch, is a hardy climber native in eastern and southern United States; it produces terminal clusters of tubular, trumpet-shaped orange to orange-scarlet flowers (see photograph). The Chinese trumpet creeper (C. grandiflora) of eastern Asia is a poor climber but produces spectacular…

Camptosaurus, (genus Camptosaurus), large herbivorous dinosaurs found as fossils in western Europe and western North America that lived from the Late Jurassic Period (161.2 million to 145.5 million years ago) to the Early Cretaceous Period (145.5 million to 99.6 million years ago). Camptosaurus

Camptosaurus, (genus Camptosaurus), large herbivorous dinosaurs found as fossils in western Europe and western North America that lived from the Late Jurassic Period (161.2 million to 145.5 million years ago) to the Early Cretaceous Period (145.5 million to 99.6 million years ago). Camptosaurus

tyrannulet: …beardless tyrannulets of the genus Camptostoma. The northern form, C. imberbe, occurs north to Texas and Arizona (where it is called the beardless flycatcher), and the southern form, C. obsoletum, is found as far south as Argentina; their ranges meet in Costa Rica. The birds are called beardless for lack…

tyrannulet: …flycatcher), and the southern form, C. obsoletum, is found as far south as Argentina; their ranges meet in Costa Rica. The birds are called beardless for lack of bristles at the corners of the mouth.

Irvington, township (town), Essex county, northeastern New Jersey, U.S., bordering Newark to the east. Settled in 1666 as part of a land grant from Sir George Carteret, proprietor of New Jersey, it was known as Camptown until 1852, when it separated from Clinton township and was renamed in honour

Stephen Foster: They include “Camptown Races,” “Nelly Bly,” “My Old Kentucky Home,” “Massa’s in de Cold, Cold Ground,” “Old Dog Tray,” “Old Black Joe,” “Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair,” and “Beautiful Dreamer.”

South Asian arts: Period of the Tamil Cōḷa Empire (10th–13th century): From the 10th century on, campū narratives (part prose, part verse) became popular both in Kannada and in Telugu, as did renderings of the Sanskrit epics Rāmāyaṇa and Mahābhārata and Jaina legends and biography.

Câmpulung, town, Argeș județ (county), south-central Romania. It lies along the Târgului River at the foot of the Iezer and Păpușa mountains of the Transylvanian Alps. Originally it was a frontier post on a strategic road (now a highway) that crossed the Carpathians through Bran Pass in

garden and landscape design: Public design: Campus design begins when publicly accessible buildings grow into complexes of two or more, for religious, commercial, industrial, governmental, or educational use. Instead of or in addition to simple front-yard and backyard design, there are more complex systems of spaces between buildings, which vary from…

Campus Antiwar Network (CAN), college- and university-based antiwar organization in the United States that was formed to protest the Iraq War (2003–11). During the lead-up to the Iraq War in late 2002 and early 2003, college and university students in the United States organized a series of

Campus Martius, in ancient Rome, a floodplain of the Tiber River, the site of the altar of Mars and the temple of Apollo in the 5th century bce. Originally used primarily as a military exercise ground, it was later drained and, by the 1st century bce, became covered with large public