Gordon Bunshaft: Bunshaft’s Connecticut General Life Insurance Company headquarters (Bloomfield, 1957) is in the same style. His later buildings show a departure from the Miesian ideal, beginning with the Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Yale University (1963), and reaching a climax with the low, horizontal travertine Lyndon…

Connecticut River, longest stream in New England, rising in the Connecticut lakes in northern New Hampshire, U.S. After flowing about 9 miles (14 km) through New Hampshire, it moves roughly southwestward, and the low water mark on the river’s western side forms the border between New Hampshire and

Cesar Pelli: …a commission to design the Connecticut Science Center in Hartford. It was completed in June 2009.

mental health: Developments in the 20th century: …Beers in 1908 organized the Connecticut Society for Mental Hygiene, the first association of its kind. In its charter, members were charged with responsibility for the same pursuits that continue to concern mental health associations to this day: improvement of standards of care for persons affected by mental conditions, prevention…

University of Connecticut, state system of universities composed of a main campus in Storrs and branches in Groton (called Avery Point), Hartford (West Hartford), Stamford, Torrington, and Waterbury, as well as a health centre in Farmington. All campuses are coeducational. The Storrs campus

Connecticut Sun, American professional basketball team that plays in the Eastern Conference of the Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA). For the first four years of its existence, the franchise was based in Orlando, Florida, and was named the Orlando Miracle. The team moved to Uncasville,

Hartford wit, any of a group of Federalist poets centred around Hartford, Conn., who collaborated to produce a considerable body of political satire just after the American Revolution. Employing burlesque verse modelled upon Samuel Butler’s Hudibras and Alexander Pope’s Dunciad, the wits advocated

Tay Garnett: Films of the 1940s: …also had box-office success with A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court (1949), an adaptation of Mark Twain’s novel that starred Bing Crosby.

A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court, satirical novel by Mark Twain, published in 1889. It is the tale of a commonsensical Yankee who is carried back in time to Britain in the Dark Ages, and it celebrates homespun ingenuity and democratic values in contrast to the superstitious ineptitude of

David Butler: …Rogers in several movies, including A Connecticut Yankee (1931), an adaptation of Mark Twain’s novel; Down to Earth (1932); Handy Andy (1934); and Doubting Thomas (1935).

U.S. state flag consisting of a blue field (background) with a central coat of arms incorporating three grapevines; a ribbon below the arms contains an inscription in Latin.The coat of arms is based on the 1711 seal of the colony of Connecticut. Its three grapevines are thought to represent either

University of Connecticut, state system of universities composed of a main campus in Storrs and branches in Groton (called Avery Point), Hartford (West Hartford), Stamford, Torrington, and Waterbury, as well as a health centre in Farmington. All campuses are coeducational. The Storrs campus

New Novel: …the British author Rayner Heppenstall’s Connecting Door (1962)—share many of the characteristics of the New Novel, such as vaguely identified characters, casual arrangement of events, and ambiguity of meaning.

airport: Passenger requirements: …on the same flight) or transferring to another flight. At Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport in Georgia and at Chicago’s O’Hare International Airport, for example, two-thirds of all passengers transfer to other flights and do not visit the cities where the airports are sited. These passengers have special needs but usually…

gasoline engine: Pistons: …the upper end of the connecting rod.

Danny Hillis: The Connection Machine: While working at Minsky’s laboratory, Hillis pioneered a new approach to computing. He had long been intrigued by the nature of thought and wanted to make a computer that might aid in understanding human cognition. He found ordinary computers, which executed operations in…

Mary Somerville: Somerville’s next book, The Connection of the Physical Sciences (1834), was even more ambitious in summarizing astronomy, physics, geography, and meteorology. She wrote nine subsequent editions over the rest of her life to update it. In the third edition, published in 1836, she wrote that difficulties in calculating…

Jack Gelber: His first play, The Connection, is historically important for its disintegration of the traditional relationship between audience and actor; it was a breakthrough for the Living Theatre, and both the production and the playwright received wide notice.

telecommunications network: Switched communications network: In a connection-oriented transmission scheme, each packet takes the same route through the network, and thus all packets usually arrive at the destination in the order in which they were sent. Conversely, each packet may take a different path through the network in a connectionless or datagram…

connectionism, an approach to artificial intelligence (AI) that developed out of attempts to understand how the human brain works at the neural level and, in particular, how people learn and remember. (For that reason, this approach is sometimes referred to as neuronlike computing.) In 1943 the

Edward L. Thorndike: …led to the theory of connectionism, which states that behavioral responses to specific stimuli are established through a process of trial and error that affects neural connections between the stimuli and the most satisfying responses.

artificial intelligence: Symbolic vs. connectionist approaches: The bottom-up approach, on the other hand, involves creating artificial neural networks in imitation of the brain’s structure—whence the connectionist label.

Turkic languages: Morphology: Conjunctions are used less frequently in Turkic languages than in English, and they are often borrowed—e.g., Turkish ve ‘and,’ ama ‘but,’ çünkü ‘for’ (each borrowed from either Arabic or Persian). There are no native subordinative conjunctions or relative pronouns.

connective, in logic, a word or group of words that joins two or more propositions together to form a connective proposition. Commonly used connectives include “but,” “and,” “or,” “if . . . then,” and “if and only if.” The various types of logical connectives include conjunction (“and”),

connective tissue, group of tissues in the body that maintain the form of the body and its organs and provide cohesion and internal support. The connective tissues include several types of fibrous tissue that vary only in their density and cellularity, as well as the more specialized and

connective tissue disease, any of the diseases that affect human connective tissue. Diseases of the connective tissue can be divided into (1) a group of relatively uncommon genetic disorders that affect the primary structure of connective tissue and (2) a number of acquired maladies in which the

materials science: Electric connections: The performance of today’s electronic systems (and photonic systems as well) is limited significantly by interconnection technology, in which components and subsystems are linked by conductors and connectors. Currently, very fine gold or copper wiring, as thin as 30 micrometres, is used to carry…

Evan S. Connell was an American writer whose works explore philosophical and cultural facets of the American experience. Connell attended Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, and the University of Kansas (A.B., 1947) and did graduate work at Stanford (California), Columbia (New York City),

Evan S. Connell was an American writer whose works explore philosophical and cultural facets of the American experience. Connell attended Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, and the University of Kansas (A.B., 1947) and did graduate work at Stanford (California), Columbia (New York City),

Cornelia Connelly was a Roman Catholic abbess who founded the Society of the Holy Child Jesus and became the subject of an acrimonious ecclesiastical controversy. Cornelia Peacock was orphaned at an early age and reared in the strongly Episcopalian household of her older half sister. In 1831 she

Jennifer Connelly is an American actress who won an Academy Award for her moving and complex portrayal of Alicia Nash, the wife of John Nash (played by Russell Crowe), a brilliant mathematician who won the 1994 Nobel Prize for Economics, in A Beautiful Mind (2001), a film that depicted Nash’s

shape-note singing: History: …mi—were invented by Philadelphia shopkeeper John Connelly about 1790 and made their first appearance in The Easy Instructor (1801), by William Little and William Smith. Over 200 different shape-note tunebooks were printed in the United States between 1801 and 1861, most of them eclectic collections including strophic hymn tunes, odes,…

Marc Connelly was an American playwright, journalist, teacher, actor, and director, best-known for Green Pastures (a folk version of the Old Testament dramatized through the lives of blacks of the southern United States) and for the comedies that he wrote with George S. Kaufman. Connelly’s parents

Marc Connelly was an American playwright, journalist, teacher, actor, and director, best-known for Green Pastures (a folk version of the Old Testament dramatized through the lives of blacks of the southern United States) and for the comedies that he wrote with George S. Kaufman. Connelly’s parents

Cornelia Connelly: In 1831 she married Pierce Connelly, an Episcopalian clergyman, and moved with him to Natchez, Mississippi, where he was rector of Trinity Church. In 1835 both she and her husband became interested in the Roman Catholic church, and they soon became converts. They spent two years in Rome and…

Connemara, breed of pony native to the Connemara area of Ireland, used as general riding ponies for adults and children and as jumpers and show ponies. Docile, hardy, and surefooted, they have compact bodies and range from 13.2 to 15 hands (about 54 to 60 inches, or 137 to 152 cm) tall. Most

Connemara, region of County Galway, western Ireland. It lies west of Galway city and Loughs (Lakes) Corrib and Mask. Referred to as a “savage beauty” by Irish writer Oscar Wilde, Connemara comprises ice-scoured, rock-strewn country mostly covered with peat bog. Between the city of Galway and

Bart Conner is one of the most successful gymnasts in U.S. history. He was the country’s first gymnast to capture gold medals at all levels of national and international competition. Conner is especially known for his performance at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles, where he scored two perfect 10s

Bart Conner is one of the most successful gymnasts in U.S. history. He was the country’s first gymnast to capture gold medals at all levels of national and international competition. Conner is especially known for his performance at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles, where he scored two perfect 10s

Mount Conner, most easterly of central Australia’s giant tors, or monoliths, which include Uluru/Ayers Rock and the Olga Rocks (Kata Tjuta), southern Northern Territory. Rising above the desert plain southeast of Lake Amadeus, Mount Conner is flat-topped and horseshoe-shaped and reaches to 2,500

Roseanne Barr: …Barr, changing the title to The Conners.

Connersville, city, seat (1819) of Fayette county, east-central Indiana, U.S., on the Whitewater River, 57 miles (92 km) east of Indianapolis. A fur-trading post was established on the site in 1808 by John Conner, who later worked as a guide and interpreter for General William Henry Harrison,

Sean Connery was a Scottish-born actor whose popularity in James Bond spy thrillers led to a successful decades-long film career. Connery grew up in a working-class family. After a three-year stint in the Royal Navy and a series of odd jobs, he began practicing bodybuilding and became a model for

Sean Connery was a Scottish-born actor whose popularity in James Bond spy thrillers led to a successful decades-long film career. Connery grew up in a working-class family. After a three-year stint in the Royal Navy and a series of odd jobs, he began practicing bodybuilding and became a model for

Sean Connery was a Scottish-born actor whose popularity in James Bond spy thrillers led to a successful decades-long film career. Connery grew up in a working-class family. After a three-year stint in the Royal Navy and a series of odd jobs, he began practicing bodybuilding and became a model for

Alain Connes is a French mathematician who won the Fields Medal in 1982 for his work in operator theory. Connes received a bachelor’s degree (1970) and a doctorate (1973) from the École Normale Supérieure (now part of the University of Paris). He held appointments at the National Centre for

Jules-Amédée Barbey d’Aurevilly was a French novelist and influential critic who in his day was influential in matters of social fashion and literary taste. A member of the minor nobility of Normandy, he remained throughout his life proudly Norman in spirit and style, a royalist opposed to

Edward L. Thorndike: …led to the theory of connectionism, which states that behavioral responses to specific stimuli are established through a process of trial and error that affects neural connections between the stimuli and the most satisfying responses.

Connick v. Myers, case in which the U.S. Supreme Court on April 20, 1983, ruled (5–4) that the district attorney’s office in New Orleans had not violated the First Amendment’s freedom of speech clause when it fired an assistant district attorney (ADA) for distributing a survey about morale to her

Harry Connick, Jr. is an American singer, songwriter, musician, and actor who was known musically for his explorations into jazz, funk, big-band, and romantic ballads. Connick grew up in New Orleans, where his father, a longtime district attorney, and his mother, a judge, owned a record store. He

Harry Connick, Jr. is an American singer, songwriter, musician, and actor who was known musically for his explorations into jazz, funk, big-band, and romantic ballads. Connick grew up in New Orleans, where his father, a longtime district attorney, and his mother, a judge, owned a record store. He

Toni Collette: …brought to the fore in Connie and Carla (2004), a comedy in which she played a woman hiding from the mob by impersonating a male drag performer. Though that film was panned, Collette eked positive notices for the ostensibly slight In Her Shoes (2005), in which she was featured as…

Connie Francis: In 1959 Francis released Connie Francis Sings Italian Favorites, a collection of traditional and contemporary Italian songs sung partly in their original language. The recording sold well, especially among Italian Americans, and she followed it with albums that paid homage to other ethnic groups. In addition, beginning with the…

submarine: First use in war: A precursor of a conning tower fitted with a glass-covered porthole permitted observation from within the craft. The Nautilus submerged by taking water into ballast tanks, and a horizontal “rudder”—a forerunner of the diving plane—helped keep the craft at the desired depth. The submarine contained enough air to keep…

Franklin Pierce Adams: …whose humorous syndicated column “The Conning Tower” earned him the reputation of godfather of the contemporary newspaper column. He wrote primarily under his initials, F.P.A.

Philips Koninck was a Dutch painter of the Baroque period, celebrated for his panoramic landscapes. The influence of Rembrandt is paramount in the art of the earliest phase of his career, and it has often been supposed, probably incorrectly, that Rembrandt was his master. However, Koninck was

gnu, (genus Connochaetes), either of two species of large African antelopes of the family Bovidae in the tribe Alcelaphini. They are among the most specialized and successful of African herbivores and are dominant in plains ecosystems. The common wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) is a keystone

animal behaviour: Adaptive design: Others, such as the black wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus), form enormous herds. During the breeding season, only a few males control sexual access to a group of females in a polygynous mating system. When Jarman compared these African ungulates, he found that body size, typical habitat, group size, and mating…

gnu: The common wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) is a keystone species in plains and acacia savanna ecosystems from southeastern Africa to central Kenya. It is highly gregarious and superbly adapted for a migratory existence. C. taurinus has high shoulders sloping to lower hindquarters, a deep chest, a short…

gnu: The western white-bearded wildebeest (C. taurinus mearnsi) is the smallest, 50 kg (110 pounds) lighter and 10 cm (4 inches) shorter than C. taurinus taurinus. It is also the most numerous; more than one million inhabit the Serengeti Plains and acacia savanna of northwestern Tanzania and…

gnu: The blue wildebeest, or brindled gnu (C. taurinus taurinus), of southern Africa is the largest, weighing 230–275 kg (510–605 pounds) and standing 140–152 cm (55–60 inches) tall. The western white-bearded wildebeest (C. taurinus mearnsi) is the smallest, 50 kg (110 pounds) lighter and 10 cm (4…

stand-up comedy: The British tradition and the spread of stand-up comedy: …splash a few years earlier: Billy Connolly, a former folksinger from Glasgow who achieved huge popularity in the mid-1970s with his irreverent, high-energy observational stand-up. He was followed in the 1980s by a rush of younger comics, including Alexei Sayle, emcee of the influential Comic Strip club that was a…

Cyril Connolly was an English critic, novelist, and man of letters, founder and editor of Horizon, a magazine of contemporary literature that was a major influence in Britain in its time (1939–50). As a critic, he was personal and eclectic rather than systematic, but his idiosyncratic views were

Cyril Connolly was an English critic, novelist, and man of letters, founder and editor of Horizon, a magazine of contemporary literature that was a major influence in Britain in its time (1939–50). As a critic, he was personal and eclectic rather than systematic, but his idiosyncratic views were

James Connolly was a Marxist union leader and revolutionary who was a leading participant in the Easter Rising (April 24–29, 1916) in Dublin against British rule. In 1896, soon after his arrival in Dublin, Connolly helped found the Irish Socialist Republican Party. From 1903 to 1910 he lived in New

Whitey Bulger: …another son of South Boston, John J. Connolly, who was about 10 years younger than Bulger and who had grown up idolizing him along with Bulger’s brother, William, who became a powerful Massachusetts politician. The informant relationship quickly turned corrupt, becoming what was later described as a “devil’s deal” and…

Maureen Connolly was an American tennis player who in 1953 became the first woman to win the Grand Slam of tennis: the British (Wimbledon), United States, Australian, and French singles championships. Connolly began playing tennis at the age of 10. After a few months of training under a

Maureen Connolly was an American tennis player who in 1953 became the first woman to win the Grand Slam of tennis: the British (Wimbledon), United States, Australian, and French singles championships. Connolly began playing tennis at the age of 10. After a few months of training under a

agonism: …by the American political theorist William E. Connolly. Pluralist theorists of the 1950s and ’60s had described the American political system as one in which politics provided an arena in which diverse groups can each equally advocate for their preferred policies, eventually leading to consensus. Connolly criticized that theory for…

Alabama: Since 1900: …which commissioner of public safety Eugene (“Bull”) Connor turned fire hoses and police dogs on Black protesters; Gov. George C. Wallace’s defiant attempt to stop the desegregation of the state university that same year; the death of four Black children in an explosion that destroyed their Birmingham Sunday school, also…

the Byrds: 19, 1993, Treasure Island, Florida), Gram Parsons (original name Ingram Cecil Connor III; b. November 5, 1946, Winter Haven, Florida—d. September 19, 1973, Yucca Valley, California), and Clarence White (b. June 6, 1944, Lewiston, Maine—d. July 14, 1973, Palmdale, California).

Utah: Mormon settlement and territorial growth: Patrick Connor. Connor openly supported his troops in prospecting for minerals and sought to “solve the Mormon problem” by initiating a miners’ rush to Utah. A substantial enclave of non-Mormon miners, freighters, bankers, and businessmen arrived, and there ensued three decades of conflict between Mormons…

Ralph Connor was a Canadian Presbyterian minister and writer of numerous popular novels that combine religious messages, wholesome sentiment, and adventure. Ordained in 1890, Gordon became a missionary to mining and lumber camps in the Canadian Rocky Mountains, and from this experience and memories

Jimmy Connors is an American professional tennis player who was one of the leading competitors in the 1970s and early ’80s and was known for his intensity and aggressive play. During his career he won 109 singles championships and was ranked number one in the world for 160 consecutive weeks. The

Jimmy Connors is an American professional tennis player who was one of the leading competitors in the 1970s and early ’80s and was known for his intensity and aggressive play. During his career he won 109 singles championships and was ranked number one in the world for 160 consecutive weeks. The

connotation, distinction of meaning introduced by John Stuart Mill in A System of Logic (1843). A similar distinction of sense (German Sinn) and denotation (German Bedeutung) was introduced by Gottlob Frege in 1892, without reference to Mill. Mill has the credit of having discovered this important

intension and extension, in logic, correlative words that indicate the reference of a term or concept: “intension” indicates the internal content of a term or concept that constitutes its formal definition; and “extension” indicates its range of applicability by naming the particular objects that

meadow grasshopper, (subfamily Conocephalinae), any of a group of grasshoppers in the family Tettigoniidae (order Orthoptera) that are slender, small to medium-sized, and found in grassy meadows near lakes and ponds. When disturbed, they enter the water, cling to underwater plants, and can remain

plant: Annotated classification: Marchantia, Conocephalum, and Riccia. Division Lycophyta (club mosses, spike mosses, quillworts) Vascular plants; sporophyte differentiated into stem, leaf, and root; leaves spirally

meadow grasshopper: The lesser meadow katydids (Conocephalus) are slender and tend to be small in size compared with other meadow grasshopper genera. The meadow grasshopper produces a song, consisting of clicks and buzzes, during the day or at night.

Conoco, former American petroleum company founded in 1875 as the Continental Oil and Transportation Company in Ogden, Utah. It became part of ConocoPhillips through a merger with the Phillips Petroleum Company in 2002. In 1885 it was reincorporated—with the new name, Continental Oil Company—as part

ConocoPhillips, U.S. oil and gas company created in 2002 through the merger of Phillips Petroleum and Conoco. From 2002 until 2012 ConocoPhillips was a fully integrated petroleum company, involved in all stages of the industry from exploration and drilling through production at the wellhead to

conodont, minute toothlike fossil composed of the mineral apatite (calcium phosphate); conodonts are among the most frequently occurring fossils in marine sedimentary rocks of Paleozoic age. Between 0.2 mm (0.008 inch) and 6 mm in length, they are known as microfossils and come from rocks ranging

conodont, minute toothlike fossil composed of the mineral apatite (calcium phosphate); conodonts are among the most frequently occurring fossils in marine sedimentary rocks of Paleozoic age. Between 0.2 mm (0.008 inch) and 6 mm in length, they are known as microfossils and come from rocks ranging

wave: Physical characteristics of surface waves: …a shape known as a conoidal wave. In deeper water the limiting height of a wave is one-seventh of its length. As it approaches this height, the pointed crests break to form whitecaps. In shallow water the long-amplitude waves distort, because crests travel faster than troughs to form a profile…

Conon was an Athenian admiral notable for his overwhelming victory over the Spartan fleet off Cnidus (the southwestern extremity of modern Turkey) in 394 and his restoration the following year of the long walls and fortifications of Athens’ port, the Piraeus. The walls had been destroyed by the

Conon was the pope from 686 to 687. Probably the son of a Thracian soldier, he was educated in Sicily and ordained priest in Rome. He was elected to succeed John V and was consecrated on October 21. Elderly and in poor health, he died 11 months later and was buried in St.

Conon of Samos was a mathematician and astronomer whose work on conic sections (curves of the intersections of a right circular cone with a plane) served as the basis for the fourth book of the Conics of Apollonius of Perga (c. 262–190 bce). From his observations in Italy and Sicily, Conon compiled

thick-headed fly, (family Conopidae), any member of a family of elongated, wasplike flies (order Diptera) that have a head thicker than the thorax. They are brownish in colour and often have yellow markings. Most are between 6 and 25 mm (0.2 and 1 inch) long. All species have a long, slender

earthnut, (Conopodium majus), European plant of the carrot family (Apiaceae), so called because of its edible tubers. It grows in woods and fields in the British Isles and from Norway, France, Spain, and Portugal to Italy and Corsica. The slender, smooth perennial, growing 750 mm to 1 m (30 to 39

gnateater, any of eight species of bird of the genus Conopophaga in the family Conopophagidae, formerly classified with the antbirds. These small birds forage for insects in the understory of South American

Conopophagidae, gnateater (or antpipit) family of small, plump-bodied birds of Central and South America. Two genera (Conopophaga and Corythopsis) were separated from the antbird family (Formicariidae) in 1882 and raised to family rank. Today, the family is made up of eight species belonging to the

thick-headed fly, (family Conopidae), any member of a family of elongated, wasplike flies (order Diptera) that have a head thicker than the thorax. They are brownish in colour and often have yellow markings. Most are between 6 and 25 mm (0.2 and 1 inch) long. All species have a long, slender

Ulster cycle: …reign of the semi-historical King Conor (Conchobar mac Nessa) at Emain Macha (near modern Armagh) and his Knights of the Red Branch (i.e., the palace building in which the heads and arms of vanquished enemies were stored). A rival court at Connaught is ruled by King Ailill and Queen Medb.…

taeniodont: …made up of two subfamilies, Conoryctinae and Stylinodontinae. The Conoryctinae were rather generalized forms with no special peculiarities. During the Paleocene, they gradually increased from the size of an opossum to that of a small bear; however, they did not survive the close of the Paleocene Epoch. The Stylinodontinae, by…

plum curculio, (Conotrachelus nenuphar), North American insect pest of the family Curculionidae (order Coleoptera); it does serious damage to a variety of fruit trees. The adult has a dark brown body, about six millimetres (14 inch) long, with gray and white patches and conspicuous humps on each

Willis Conover was an American radio broadcaster and jazz promoter who was the longtime host of the Music USA program on the Voice of America (VOA). His voice was perhaps the best known overseas of any American of his era. After winning a talent contest while a university student, Conover became a

Conoy, an Algonquian-speaking North American Indian tribe related to the Delaware and the Nanticoke; before colonization by the English, they lived between the Potomac River and the western shore of Chesapeake Bay in what is now Maryland. Early accounts suggest that their economy was based mainly

André Malraux: Literary works: His first important novel, Les Conquérants (1928), is a tense and vivid description of a revolutionary strike in Guangzhou (Canton), China. La Voie royale (1930) is a thriller set among the Khmer temples of Cambodia that Malraux himself explored. Malraux’s masterpiece is La Condition humaine (1933), which made him…

Ejnar Mikkelsen: He described this expedition in Conquering the Arctic Ice (1909).