marketing: Business marketing: Business marketing, sometimes called business-to-business marketing or industrial marketing, involves those marketing activities and functions that are targeted toward organizational customers. This type of marketing involves selling goods (and services) to organizations (public and private) to be used directly or indirectly in their…

Sherman Alexie: …a screenplay for and directed The Business of Fancydancing, based loosely on his book of the same name. Alexie collaborated with others to write music for his movies as well. Noted for his frankness, quick wit, and mordant sense of humour, he was a popular speaker and performer, and he…

Sherman Alexie: The same year, he produced The Business of Fancydancing, a book combining prose and poetry. A prolific writer, he published in 1993 two more books of poetry—First Indian on the Moon and Old Shirts & New Skins—and The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven, a collection of interwoven stories…

business organization, an entity formed for the purpose of carrying on commercial enterprise. Such an organization is predicated on systems of law governing contract and exchange, property rights, and incorporation. Business enterprises customarily take one of three forms: individual

insurance: Business property insurance: Insurance for business property follows a pattern that is similar in many ways to the one for individual property. A commonly used form is the “building and personal property coverage form” (BPP). This form permits a business owner to cover in one…

It’s about control, flexibility, liability, and taxes.Do you want to start your own business? Whether your business is making and selling crafts online, manufacturing and marketing automobiles, or anything in between, you’re a business. And that business needs a structure. If your business is small

commercial transaction, in law, the core of the legal rules governing business dealings. The most common types of commercial transactions, involving such specialized areas of the law and legal instruments as sale of goods and documents of title, are discussed below. Despite variations of detail,

airport: Passenger requirements: Business travelers tend to pay significantly higher fares, and airlines usually wish to provide a high quality of service in order to attract such traffic. The passenger terminal at Heathrow Airport near London, for example, was designed to a very high standard of space and…

videophone: Videoconferencing: …new videophone solutions were developed: business videoconferencing and desktop videoconferencing. Business videoconferencing employs video cameras, video compression and decompression hardware and software, and interfaces to one or more ISDN lines or an Internet connection in order to provide capture, transmission, and display of synchronized voice and video to one or…

Gary S. Becker: …served as a columnist for Business Week, an international business news publication. In 2000 he was awarded the National Medal of Science, and in 2007 he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the country’s highest civilian award.

marketing: Business marketing: Business marketing, sometimes called business-to-business marketing or industrial marketing, involves those marketing activities and functions that are targeted toward organizational customers. This type of marketing involves selling goods (and services) to organizations (public and private) to be used directly or indirectly in their…

busing, in the United States, the practice of transporting students to schools within or outside their local school districts as a means of rectifying racial segregation. Although American schools were technically desegregated in 1954 by the landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision handed down in Brown

al-Būṣīrī was an Arabic poet of Berber descent who won fame for his poem Al-Burdah (The Poem of the Scarf). In this poem al-Būṣīrī said that he had devoted his life to poetry. He also worked as a copyist, being known for his calligraphy, and held various official posts under the Mamlūks. It was

Busiris, in Greek mythology, Egyptian king, son of Poseidon (the god of the sea) and Lysianassa (daughter of Epaphus, a legendary king of Egypt). After Egypt had been afflicted for nine years with famine, Phrasius, a seer of Cyprus, arrived in Egypt and announced that the famine would not end until

Creek: …important religious observances as the Busk, or Green Corn, ceremony, an annual first-fruits and new-fire rite. A distinctive feature of this midsummer festival was that every wrongdoing, grievance, or crime—short of murder—was forgiven.

Conrad Busken Huet was the greatest and also one of the liveliest Dutch literary critics of his time. A descendant of an old French Protestant family, Busken Huet studied theology at Leiden and became pastor of the Walloon chapel at Haarlem but resigned because of his modernist views. He turned to

buskin, a thick-soled boot worn by actors in ancient Greek tragedies. Because of the association, the term has come to mean tragedy. It is contrasted with sock, which refers to the foot covering worn by actors in comedies. The word is probably a modification of the Middle French brouzequin, “a kind

Antoine Busnois was a French composer, best-known for his chansons, which typify the Burgundian style of the second half of the 15th century. Busnois entered the service of Charles the Bold (later duke of Burgundy) as a singer sometime before 1467. He traveled with Charles on his various campaigns,

Buson was a Japanese painter of distinction but even more renowned as one of the great haiku poets. Buson came of a wealthy family but chose to leave it behind to pursue a career in the arts. He traveled extensively in northeastern Japan and studied haiku under several masters, among them Hayano

Ferruccio Busoni was a pianist and composer who attained fame as a pianist of brilliance and intellectual power. The son of an Italian clarinetist and a pianist of German descent, Busoni was taught by his mother. He appeared as a child prodigy and later completed his studies in Vienna and Leipzig.

antianxiety drug: Other antianxiety drugs: Buspirone is another antianxiety drug that is unrelated to the benzodiazepines. It does not affect the GABA receptor, nor does it have any muscle-relaxant or anticonvulsive properties. It also lacks the prominent sedative effect that is associated with other drugs used to treat anxiety. Instead,…

Bostra, ruined Syrian city, 67 miles (108 km) south of Damascus. First a Nabataean city, it was conquered by the Roman emperor Trajan, made the capital of the Roman province of Arabia, and served as a key Roman fortress east of the Jordan River. The city eventually achieved the title metropolis

ship: Early oceanic navigation: …Mediterranean trading vessel, the Venetian buss (a full-bodied, rounded two-masted ship), passed through the Strait of Gibraltar. At the time of Richard I of England (reigned 1189–99), whose familiarity with Mediterranean shipping stemmed from his participation in the Crusades, Mediterranean navigation had evolved in two directions: the

Frances Buss was an English educator, pioneer of women’s education, and founder of the North London Collegiate School for Ladies (now North London Collegiate School for Girls). Buss was educated in London and, from age 14, taught school with her mother. At age 18 Buss, together with her mother,

Frances Buss was an English educator, pioneer of women’s education, and founder of the North London Collegiate School for Ladies (now North London Collegiate School for Girls). Buss was educated in London and, from age 14, taught school with her mother. At age 18 Buss, together with her mother,

Bussa Rapids, rapids on the Niger River, below its confluence with the Sokoto River, south of Yelwa, Nigeria. There the river cuts into an outcrop of ancient basement rock, forming rapids that extend for about 50 miles (80 km) to Jebba. Before the construction of the Kainji Dam and Reservoir

Darcey Bussell is a British ballet dancer and celebrity of the late 20th century. Renowned for the energy and passion of her performances, she was one of the youngest artists to serve as principal dancer in the Royal Ballet of London. At age 13 Bussell began attending White Lodge, the lower school

Darcey Bussell is a British ballet dancer and celebrity of the late 20th century. Renowned for the energy and passion of her performances, she was one of the youngest artists to serve as principal dancer in the Royal Ballet of London. At age 13 Bussell began attending White Lodge, the lower school

Busselton, city, southwestern Western Australia, on the south shore of Geographe Bay, southwest of Bunbury. It is located within a noted agricultural region. The area was inhabited for some 50,000 years by Aboriginal Wardandi people prior to the arrival of Europeans. It was visited in 1801 by a

Hindu Kush: Climate: …snow hummocks—called nieves penitentes or Büsserschnee (literally, “penitent snow”)—that give the illusion of kneeling human figures, sometimes two or three feet high; especially noticeable in the early morning, they are formed by the alternation of strong sunlight and rapid evaporation during the day and severe cold at night.

Javier Milei: Economics career: …acted as an adviser to Antonio Bussi, a former general who in 2008 would be sentenced to life in prison for his role in Argentina’s Dirty War (1976–83), during Bussi’s term as governor (1995–99) of Tucumán province.

George du Maurier was a British caricaturist whose illustrations for Punch were acute commentaries on the Victorian scene. He also wrote three successful novels. Du Maurier’s happy childhood at Passy, France, is recalled in Peter Ibbetson (1891), and his full-blooded enjoyment of student life in

Bussum, gemeente (municipality), west-central Netherlands, near the IJsselmeer (Lake IJssel). Originally a rustic extension of the old fortress town of Naarden, it is now a residential suburb, southeast of Amsterdam, and a resort for the Gooiland region of lakes and woods. The Dutch television

English literature: Other Jacobean dramatists: abound, while George Chapman’s Bussy d’Ambois (1604) and Conspiracy of Charles, Duke of Byron (1608) drew on recent French history to chart the collision of the magnificent but redundant heroism of the old-style aristocrat, whose code of honour had outlived its social function, with pragmatic arbitrary monarchy; Chapman doubtless…

alkaline-earth metal: History: …Wöhler and the French chemist Antoine Bussy independently in 1828. Radium was discovered in 1898 by means of its radioactivity by French physicists Pierre and Marie Curie, who by 1902 had separated it in the form of radium chloride from pitchblende. Metallic radium was isolated in 1910 through the combined…

Roger de Bussy-Rabutin was a French libertine who amused the nobility of his time with scandalous tales told in a light classical prose style; he was the cousin and confidant of the celebrated letter writer Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné. During the civil wars of the Fronde

India: The Anglo-French struggle, 1740–63: …the skillful Charles, marquis de Bussy-Castelnau, Dupleix had a kingmaker at the center of Muslim power in the Deccan. (See Carnatic wars).

Roger de Bussy-Rabutin was a French libertine who amused the nobility of his time with scandalous tales told in a light classical prose style; he was the cousin and confidant of the celebrated letter writer Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné. During the civil wars of the Fronde

bankruptcy fraud: Bust-out schemes: Bust-out schemes have long been a problem but have only recently been classified by many scholars as bankruptcy fraud. Historically, individuals who engaged in this type of activity were labeled as careless but not criminal; today, the same cannot be said. When an…

Battle of Taginae, (June or July 552), decisive engagement fought near what is now the town of Gualdo Tadino, Italy. In the battle the Byzantine general Narses defeated the main body of the Goths, who were led by their Christian king, Totila. The Byzantine emperor Justinian I sent his commander in

Basṭām, small historic town, northern Iran. It lies just south of the Elburz Mountains in a well-watered plain. Clustered around the tomb of the poet and mystic Abū Yazīd al-Bisṭāmī (d. 874) are a mausoleum, a 12th-century minaret and mosque wall, a superb portal (1313), and a 15th-century college.

bankruptcy: International aspects: …Private International Law (the so-called Bustamante Code) of 1928. The five Scandinavian countries concluded the Copenhagen Convention on bankruptcy on Nov. 7, 1933. In addition, there exist a number of bilateral treaties between different nations on the subject.

Central America: Independence (1808–23): A strong captain general, José de Bustamante y Guerra (1811–18), and Creole fear of Indian uprisings were factors that prevented Central Americans from seizing power as had been done in South America. The government easily put down such attempts in the state of San Salvador (which did not become…

Manuel A. Odría: José Bustamente. In October 1948 he headed a military junta which deposed Bustamente and Odría was proclaimed provisional president. Odría promptly dissolved the legislature, declared military rule, and proceeded to take measures to restore the Peruvian economy and political stability, seeking technical assistance and private…

Antonio Sánchez de Bustamante y Sirvén was a lawyer, educator, Cuban politician, and international jurist who drew up the Bustamante Code dealing with international private law. Adopted by the sixth Pan-American Congress (Havana, 1928), which also elected him president, his code was ratified

Jamaica: Self-government of Jamaica: …Jamaica Labour Party (JLP) under Sir Alexander Bustamante pressed for secession from the federation. A referendum in 1961 supported their views. The JLP was the overall winner of elections in April 1962, and Bustamante became premier. In May the federation was dissolved.

Saʿdī: …works are the Būstān (1257; The Orchard) and the Gulistān (1258; The Rose Garden). The Būstān is entirely in verse (epic metre) and consists of stories aptly illustrating the standard virtues recommended to Muslims (justice, liberality, modesty, contentment) as well as of reflections on the behaviour of dervishes and their…

Buṭrus al-Bustānī was a scholar whose works, notably an Arabic dictionary and the first six volumes of an Arabic encyclopaedia, played a significant role in revitalizing the Arabic culture of his time. Bustānī’s most significant activities were literary. He felt that Arabs should study Western

Arabic literature: The novel: …Islamic conquest of Syria, by Salīm al-Bustānī. The latter work appeared in serial form in the Bustānī family’s journal, Al-Jinān, and this publication mode established a pattern that was to be followed by writers of Arabic fiction for many subsequent decades. Premodern history also came to be frequently invoked in…

bustard, any of numerous medium-to-large game birds of the family Otididae, related to the cranes and rails in the order Gruiformes. There are about 23 species, confined to Africa, southern Europe, Asia, Australia, and part of New Guinea. Bustards have rather long legs, adapted to running. They

button quail, any of numerous small, round-bodied birds belonging to the family Turnicidae of the order Gruiformes. The 15 species are confined to scrubby grasslands in warm regions of the Old World. Button quail are dull-coloured birds, 13 to 19 centimetres (5 to 7 inches) long, that run crouching

Kolkata: Housing: A basti (also spelled busti or bustee) is officially defined as “a collection of huts standing on a plot of land of at least one-sixth of an acre.” There also are bastis built on less than one-sixth of an acre (one-fifteenth of a hectare). The majority…

Franz Anton Bustelli was a modeller of porcelain sculpture, recognized for the excellence of his work in the light, asymmetric, lavishly decorated Rococo style. There is no record of Bustelli’s early life or training, but it is known that he was employed by the porcelain factory at Nymphenburg,

dice: Cheating with dice: Such dice, called busters or tops and bottoms, are used as a rule only by accomplished dice cheats, who introduce them into the game by sleight of hand (“switching”). Since it is impossible to see more than three sides of a cube at any one time, tops and bottoms are…

Buster Brown, a comic strip character created in 1902 by newspaper cartoonist Richard F. Outcault for the New York Herald. Buster Brown is a wealthy schoolboy prankster who dresses conservatively but acts like a mischievous, disorderly child. He has a sister, Mary Jane, and a grinning talking pet

Kolkata: Housing: A basti (also spelled busti or bustee) is officially defined as “a collection of huts standing on a plot of land of at least one-sixth of an acre.” There also are bastis built on less than one-sixth of an acre (one-fifteenth of a hectare). The majority…

corset: By the 1950s the guêpière, also known as a bustier or waspie, became fashionable.

Edwin Bustillos García was a human rights activist and environmentalist who spent most of his life working to reduce logging and the cultivating of illicit drug crops in Mexico’s Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range. (Read E.O. Wilson’s Britannica essay on mass extinction.) Part Tarahumara,

bustle, item of feminine apparel for pushing out the back portion of a skirt. The bustle, or tournure, was notably fashionable in Europe and the United States for most of the 1870s and again in the 1880s. Padded cushions for accentuating the back of the hips represent one of several methods women

Busto Arsizio, city, Lombardia (Lombardy) regione, northern Italy. It lies along the Olona River just northwest of Milan. Its Renaissance-style Church of Santa Maria di Piazza (1515–23) was designed by Donato Bramante. Busto Arsizio has experienced considerable industrial growth in the 20th century

blood disease: Leukemia: …with the drugs hydroxyurea or busulfan in daily doses until the leukocyte count has returned to normal. Treatment then is interrupted until the leukocyte count has risen to about 50,000 cells per cubic millimetre, when treatment is resumed. This can be repeated many times, and thus the affected person is…

Büsum, town, Schleswig-Holstein Land (state), northern Germany. It lies on the North Sea coast, southwest of Heide. The town was first occupied about 1140 and was also called Biusne. Parts of the town were severely damaged by tidal waters in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries. In the 16th century

Impatiens, large genus of herbaceous plants belonging to the family Balsaminaceae. Impatiens are widely distributed in Asia, Africa, and North America, and several are popular garden plants. Impatiens bear simple leaves that are usually alternately arranged along the stem. The upper leaves are

gastropod: Reproduction and life cycles: In Busycon, for example, each capsule may contain up to 1,000 eggs, but extensive cannibalization occurs upon unhatched eggs in the capsule and among the early hatched young. Strombus can lay a tubular string of eggs 23 metres (75 feet) long, with up to 460,000 eggs.…

conch: …these clam eaters are the channeled conch (B. canaliculatum) and the lightning conch (B. contrarium), both about 18 cm long and common on the Atlantic coast of the United States. Another melongenid is the Australian trumpet, or baler (Syrinx aruanus), which may be more than 60 cm long—the largest living…

conch: canaliculatum) and the lightning conch (B. contrarium), both about 18 cm long and common on the Atlantic coast of the United States. Another melongenid is the Australian trumpet, or baler (Syrinx aruanus), which may be more than 60 cm long—the largest living snail. It is rivaled by the…

Foo Fighters: Loss of Hawkins and But Here We Are: …released their 11th studio album, But Here We Are, in June that year. The album was essentially an emotional outpouring, a reflection of Grohl’s processing the grief associated with the loss of both his mother and Hawkins in the same year. The album received positive reviews from critics, who appreciated…

buta, (Hindi-Urdu: “flower”), one of the most important ornamental motifs of Mughal Indian art, consisting of a floral spray with stylized leaves and flowers. It is used in architecture and painting and in textiles, enamels, and almost all other decorative arts. The motif began to gain importance

barbiturate: …action, such as amobarbital and butabarbital sodium, act for 6 to 12 hours and are used to relieve insomnia. Short-acting barbiturates, such as pentobarbital and secobarbital, are used to overcome difficulty in falling asleep. Ultrashort-acting barbiturates, such as thiopental sodium and thiamylal, are used intravenously to induce unconsciousness smoothly

Butades Of Sicyon was an ancient Greek clayman, who, according to the Roman writer Pliny the Elder, was the first modeler in clay. The story is that his daughter, smitten with love for a youth at Corinth, where they lived, drew upon the wall the outline of his shadow and that upon this outline her

butadiene, either of two aliphatic organic compounds that have the formula C4H6. The term ordinarily signifies the more important of the two, 1,3-butadiene, which is the major constituent of many synthetic rubbers. It was first manufactured in Germany during World War I from acetylene. During World

butadiene rubber, synthetic rubber widely employed in tire treads for trucks and automobiles. It consists of polybutadiene, an elastomer (elastic polymer) built up by chemically linking multiple molecules of butadiene to form giant molecules, or polymers. The polymer is noted for its high

conformation: …those of cyanogen (N≡C―C≡N) or butadiyne (H―C≡C―C≡C―H), all the atoms lie along the axis of the central single bond, so that no distinguishable conformations exist.

Kassala: …in the north is the Butana Plain, with sandy clay soils and occasional low hills with short grass scrub and acacia. The south is underlain by Nubian sandstone and has thickets of acacia trees and tall grasses. Rainfall decreases steadily from south to north, with 40 inches (1,000 mm) falling…

butane, either of two colourless, odourless, gaseous hydrocarbons (compounds of carbon and hydrogen), members of the series of paraffinic hydrocarbons. Their chemical formula is C4H10. The compound in which the carbon atoms are linked in a straight chain is denoted normal butane, or n-butane; the

succinic acid, a dicarboxylic acid of molecular formula C4H6O4 that is widely distributed in almost all plant and animal tissues and that plays a significant role in intermediary metabolism. It is a colourless crystalline solid, soluble in water, with a melting point of 185–187° C (365–369° F).

glycol: Other important glycols include 1,3-butanediol, used as a starting material for the manufacture of brake fluids and of plasticizers for resins; 1,4-butanediol, used in polyurethanes and in polyester resins for coatings and plasticizers, and for making butyrolactone, a valuable solvent and chemical intermediate; 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, an effective insect repellent; and

chemical compound: Aldehydes and ketones: Butanedione, a ketone with two carbonyl groups, is partially responsible for the odour of cheeses. Civetone, a large cyclic ketone, is secreted by the civet cat and is a key component of many expensive perfumes.

organosulfur compound: Thiols: , CH3CH2CH2CH2SH is named butanethiol. The prefix mercapto- is placed before the name of a compound if the ―SH group is to be named as a substituent, as in mercaptoacetic acid, HSCH2COOH. A third naming system uses the prefix thio- in front of the name of the corresponding oxygen…

butyric acid (CH3CH2CH2CO2H), a fatty acid occurring in the form of esters in animal fats and plant oils. As a glyceride (an ester containing an acid and glycerol), it makes up 3–4 percent of butter; the disagreeable odour of rancid butter is that of hydrolysis of the butyric acid glyceride. The

Butare, town and educational centre, southern Rwanda. Before Rwanda’s independence in 1962, the town was called Astrida. It consists of the traditional housing areas of Ngoma and Matyazo, the former colonial settlement, and a newer commercial section with a nearby airstrip. Butare, the third

Butaritari Atoll, coral atoll of the Gilbert Islands, part of Kiribati, in the west-central Pacific Ocean. Located in the northern Gilberts, it comprises a central lagoon (11 miles [18 km] wide) ringed by islets. The lagoon provides a good deep anchorage with three passages to the open sea. Most of

Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, American western film, released in 1969, that was a classic of the genre, especially noted for the pairing of Paul Newman and Robert Redford as the titular outlaws. Butch Cassidy (played by Newman) and his companion in crime, the Sundance Kid (Redford), find that

Victoria: The contemporary city: The world-class Butchart Gardens, begun in 1904 by the wife of a prominent cement manufacturer in nearby Brentwood Bay, features Japanese and Italian gardens and holds an annual flower count (February); the gardens and the Butchart residence have been designated a national historic site of Canada.

African art: African art in the 20th century and beyond: Jane Alexander’s sculptural installation, Butcher Boys (1985), is equally charged: the figures are nude, masked, and immobile, seeming to observe what is wrong in society yet finding no will to act. William Kentridge’s work in a range of media and Sue Williamson’s powerful set of passbooks in the assemblage…

Klaus Barbie was a Nazi leader, head of the Gestapo in Lyon from 1942 to 1944, who was held responsible for the death of some 4,000 persons and the deportation of some 7,500 others. Barbie was a member of the Hitler Youth and in 1935 joined the Sicherheitsdienst (SD; “Security Service”), a special

Ed Gein was an American serial killer whose gruesome crimes gained worldwide notoriety and inspired numerous books and horror films. Gein endured a difficult childhood. His father was an alcoholic, and his mother was verbally abusive toward him. Gein nevertheless idolized her, a fact that

Idi Amin was a military officer and president (1971–79) of Uganda whose regime was noted for the sheer scale of its brutality. A member of the small Kakwa ethnic group of northwestern Uganda, Amin had little formal education and joined the King’s African Rifles of the British colonial army in 1946

postal system: Growth of business correspondence in the Middle Ages: …among these was the so-called Butcher Post (Metzger Post), which was able to combine the carrying of letters with the constant traveling that the trade required.

Diane Wakoski: The Butcher’s Apron (2000) features poems about food. Wakoski also published several essay collections.

butcher’s broom, any dark green shrub of the genus Ruscus of the family Ruscaceae, native to Eurasia. The plants lack leaves but have flattened, leaflike branchlets. The small flower clusters are borne in the centre of the branchlets, or on one side of the branchlet. The fruit is a red berry. One

Thomas Kinsella: …published through his press was Butcher’s Dozen (1972; rev. ed. 1992), about Bloody Sunday, in which 13 demonstrators were killed by British troops in Londonderry (Derry), Northern Ireland, and the ensuing tribunal. Blood & Family (1988) combines four short collections of prose and verse originally published individually through Peppercanister, and…

fireside chats: …Roosevelt administration but rather by Harry Butcher of the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) radio network, who used the words in a network press release before the second fireside chat on May 7, 1933. Roosevelt’s first fireside address came to the American people on March 12, 1933, as the president tried…

Joan Bocher was an English Anabaptist burned at the stake for heresy during the reign of the Protestant Edward VI. Bocher first came to notice about 1540, during the reign of Henry VIII, when she began distributing among ladies of the court William Tyndale’s forbidden translation of the New

Susan Butcher was an American sled-dog racer and trainer who dominated her sport for more than a decade, winning the challenging Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race in Alaska four times. Butcher began to train dogs at age 16. By 1972 she had moved to Colorado, where she attended Colorado State University

Susan Butcher was an American sled-dog racer and trainer who dominated her sport for more than a decade, winning the challenging Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race in Alaska four times. Butcher began to train dogs at age 16. By 1972 she had moved to Colorado, where she attended Colorado State University

butcherbird, in general, any bird that impales its prey (small vertebrates, large insects) on a thorn or wedges it into a crack or a forked twig in order to tear it or, sometimes, to store it. The name is given to the Lanius species (see shrike) of the family Laniidae and in Australia to the four

sword dance: The hassapikos, or butchers’ dance, of Turkey and ancient and modern Greece—now a communal social dance—was in the Middle Ages a battle mime with swords performed by the butchers’ guild, which adopted it from the military.

Bute, is the most important of a group of islands in the Atlantic Ocean inlet known as the Firth of Clyde. It is separated from the mainland by the Kyles of Bute, a narrow winding strait. To the south, the Sound of Bute separates Bute from the larger island of Arran. Bute is about 15 miles (24 km)

butte, flat-topped hill surrounded by a steep escarpment from the bottom of which a slope descends to the plain. The term is sometimes used for an elevation higher than a hill but not high enough for a mountain. Buttes capped by horizontal platforms of hard rock are characteristic of the arid