Āghā Moḥammad Khān was the founder and first ruler of the Qājār dynasty of Iran. Following the disintegration of the Ṣafavid empire in 1722, Qājār tribal chieftains became prominent in Iranian affairs. At the age of six Āghā Moḥammad was castrated on the orders of ʿĀdil Shāh to prevent him from

Iran: Second presidential term of Mohammad Khatami: continued intervention: In November 2002 Hashem Aghajari, a prominent reform-minded academic, was sentenced to death by a court in western Iran following a speech he made in support of religious reform, sparking the largest student protests since those of 1999. Aghajari’s death sentence was subsequently reduced, reinstated, and reduced again…

World War II: Egypt and Cyrenaica, 1940–summer 1941: …down the coast road to Agheila (al-ʿUqaylah). Thereupon he boldly ordered the 7th Armoured Division to cross the desert hinterland and intercept the Italian retreat by cutting the coast road well to the east of Agheila. On February 5, after an advance of 170 miles in 33 hours, the British…

Aghlabid dynasty, Arab Muslim dynasty that ruled Ifrīqīyah (Tunisia and eastern Algeria) from ad 800 to 909. The Aghlabids were nominally subject to the ʿAbbāsid caliphs of Baghdad but were in fact independent. Their capital city was Kairouan (al-Qayrawān), in Tunisia. The most interesting of the

Aghlabid dynasty, Arab Muslim dynasty that ruled Ifrīqīyah (Tunisia and eastern Algeria) from ad 800 to 909. The Aghlabids were nominally subject to the ʿAbbāsid caliphs of Baghdad but were in fact independent. Their capital city was Kairouan (al-Qayrawān), in Tunisia. The most interesting of the

Hinduism: Shaivism: …of the Vedic Varuna; as Aghora (“To Whom Nothing Is Horrible”), he showed the uncanny traits of his nature (evil, death, punishment) and also their opposites.

Godard van Reede, 1st earl of Athlone was a Dutch soldier in English service who completed the conquest of Ireland for King William III of England (William of Orange, stadtholder of the United Provinces) against the forces of the deposed king James II after the Glorious Revolution (1688–89). Van

Armenia: Drainage: …Kura—the Debed (109 miles), the Aghstev (80 miles), and others—pass through Armenia’s northeastern regions. Lake Sevan, with a capacity in excess of 9 cubic miles (39 cubic kilometres) of water, is fed by dozens of rivers, but only the Hrazdan leaves its confines.

Nancy Ward was a Native American leader who was an important intermediary in relations between early American settlers and her own Cherokee people. Born in a Cherokee village on the Little Tennessee River, Nanye’hi was the daughter of a Cherokee mother of the Wolf clan and a Delaware father. In

Kikuyu, Bantu-speaking people who live in the highland area of south-central Kenya, near Mount Kenya. In the late 20th century the Kikuyu numbered more than 4,400,000 and formed the largest ethnic group in Kenya, approximately 20 percent of the total population. Their own name for themselves is

mangabey: …Central and East Africa: the agile mangabey (C. agilis), a slender monkey that has a small whorl of hair on the front of the crown and lives in Congo (Kinshasa) north of the Congo River westward into Gabon; the golden-bellied mangabey (C. chrysogaster), which lacks a whorl and has a…

aerospace industry: Lean manufacturing: Consistent with improving the economics of aerospace vehicles is the transition to a new paradigm for the entire industry, from concept development to operations. This approach involves all processes pertaining to the acquisition, design, development, and manufacturing of a product or system and…

Germany: Merovingian Germany: …particularly true of the Bavarian Agilolfings, who were closely related to the Lombard royal family of Italy and who by the 8th century enjoyed virtual royal status. In the north the Frisians and Saxons remained independent of Frankish control into the 8th century, preserving their own political and social structures…

Italy: Lombards and Byzantines: …under Authari (584–590) and then Agilulf (590–616), nearly as many Lombard leaders seem to have been fighting with the Byzantines as against them. In 584, in the face of Frankish invasions from beyond the Alps, the Lombard dukes met and elected Authari king, ceding him considerable lands; in the process,…

Agin Buryat, former autonomous okrug (district), southeastern Russia; in 2008 it merged with Chita oblast (region) to form Zabaykalye kray (territory). The Agin Buryat area is situated along the left bank of the lower Onon River, a headstream of the Amur. The district was formed in 1937 for an

English literature: Political verse: …though a piece like the Agincourt Carol shows that it was already possible to strike the characteristically English note of insular patriotism soon after 1415. Of particular interest is the Libel of English Policy (c. 1436) on another typically English theme of a related kind: “Cherish merchandise, keep the admiralty,…

Battle of Agincourt, (October 25, 1415), decisive battle in the Hundred Years’ War (1337–1453) that resulted in the victory of the English over the French. The English army, led by King Henry V, famously achieved victory in spite of the numerical superiority of its opponent. The battle repeated

metallurgy: Increasing strength: …precipitate throughout the sample by aging at an elevated temperature that is well below the temperature used for the initial dissolution.

brandy: Aging in wooden containers deepens colour to amber, the use of paraffin-lined casks or earthenware maintains the original clear colour, and the addition of a caramel solution darkens colour. Beverage brandy contains about 50 percent alcohol by volume; brandy used to fortify sherry, Madeira, and…

aging, progressive physiological changes in an organism that lead to senescence, or a decline of biological functions and of the organism’s ability to adapt to metabolic stress. Aging takes place in a cell, an organ, or the total organism with the passage of time. It is a process that goes on over

Ernest Watson Burgess: …also studied the elderly, editing Aging in Western Societies (1960), a work that considered the effects of retirement and the efficacy of government programs for the aged. One of Burgess’s most important works was Introduction to the Science of Sociology (1921; with Robert Park), a textbook that became a classic…

Agen, town, capital of Lot-et-Garonne département, Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou région, southwestern France. It lies along the Garonne River at the foot of Ermitage Hill (530 feet [162 metres]), northwest of Toulouse. Mentioned by Julius Caesar as Aginnum, capital of the Nitiobriges people, it was

Aginskoye, village, southern Zabaykalye kray (territory), southern Siberia, Russia. It is situated in the Aga River valley. Aginskoye was the former administrative centre of Agin-Buryat autonomous okrug (district). In 2008 Agin-Buryat merged with Chita oblast (region) to form Zabaykalye kray. The

Aginskoye, village, southern Zabaykalye kray (territory), southern Siberia, Russia. It is situated in the Aga River valley. Aginskoye was the former administrative centre of Agin-Buryat autonomous okrug (district). In 2008 Agin-Buryat merged with Chita oblast (region) to form Zabaykalye kray. The

Holy Fire, flame lit at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre on Holy Saturday, the Saturday before Easter, as calculated according to the Julian calendar. The paschal ritual takes place annually in Jerusalem, where it is conducted by the Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem with the participation of

Gulf of Agíou Orous, inlet of the Aegean Sea, northeastern Greece. It is the larger and deeper of two gulfs (the other being Ierisoú Gulf) that extend into the peninsula of the historical region in Greece known as Macedonia (Makedonía). The silted-up remains of a canal completed by Persian king

Italy: Industrial growth: The petroleum company AGIP (Azienda Generale Italiana Petroli), which became a division of ENI in 1953, discovered natural gas in the Po valley and sold it at low prices to industry. Labour was inexpensive, as rural migrants flooded into the cities, trade unions were weak and politically divided until…

Agis I was an early Spartan king, traditionally held to be the son of Eurysthenes (in legend, one of the twins who founded Sparta). Because the Agiad line of kings was named after him, Agis was perhaps a historical figure. The 4th-century-bc Greek historian Ephorus attributes to Agis the capture of

Agis II was the king of Sparta after about 427 bc who commanded all operations of the regular army during most of the Peloponnesian War (431–404) against Athens. In 418, while the inconclusive Peace of Nicias (421–415) was still in effect, Agis invaded the territory of Athens’ ally Argos but

Agis III was a Spartan king (338–331) who rebelled unsuccessfully against Alexander the Great. A member of the Eurypontid house (one of the two royal families of Sparta), Agis succeeded to the throne of his father, Archidamus III. While Alexander was invading Anatolia, Agis, profiting from the

Agis IV was a Spartan king (244–241) who failed in his attempt to reform Sparta’s economic and political structure. Agis succeeded his father, Eudamidas II, at the age of 19. Drawing upon the tradition of the Spartan lawgiver Lycurgus, Agis sought to reform a system that distributed the land and

Kimel v. Florida Board of Regents: …the age of 40 from age discrimination by private employers, and the 1974 amendment extended the same protections to workers employed by the states. Although the Eleventh Amendment gives states sovereign immunity from lawsuits, this immunity is not absolute. For instance, when exercising its power to enforce the Fourteenth Amendment,…

agitprop: …in which the techniques of agitation and propaganda are used to influence and mobilize public opinion. Although the strategy is common, both the label and an obsession with it were specific to the Marxism practiced by communists in the Soviet Union.

agitprop, political strategy in which the techniques of agitation and propaganda are used to influence and mobilize public opinion. Although the strategy is common, both the label and an obsession with it were specific to the Marxism practiced by communists in the Soviet Union. The twin strategies

propaganda: Connotations of the term propaganda: …was called Bloknot agitatora (The Agitator’s Notebook).

agitprop, political strategy in which the techniques of agitation and propaganda are used to influence and mobilize public opinion. Although the strategy is common, both the label and an obsession with it were specific to the Marxism practiced by communists in the Soviet Union. The twin strategies

history of film: The Soviet Union: …people in the production of agitki, existing newsreels reedited for the purpose of agitation and propaganda (agitprop). The agitki were transported on specially equipped agit-trains and agit-steamers to the provinces, where they were exhibited to generate support for the Revolution. (The state-controlled Cuban cinema used the same tactic after the…

agitprop, political strategy in which the techniques of agitation and propaganda are used to influence and mobilize public opinion. Although the strategy is common, both the label and an obsession with it were specific to the Marxism practiced by communists in the Soviet Union. The twin strategies

AG catalog, compilation of the positions of all stars brighter than the ninth magnitude, compiled by the Astronomische Gesellschaft of Germany. Friedrich W.A. Argelander, founder of the society, proposed the star catalog in 1867, after completing the Bonner Durchmusterung (“Bonn Survey”). The

moccasin, (genus Agkistrodon), either of two venomous aquatic New World snakes of the viper family (Viperidae): the water moccasin (Agkistrodon piscivorus) or the Mexican moccasin (A. bilineatus). Both are pit vipers (subfamily Crotalinae), so named because of the characteristic sensory pit between

moccasin: …moccasin (Agkistrodon piscivorus) or the Mexican moccasin (A. bilineatus). Both are pit vipers (subfamily Crotalinae), so named because of the characteristic sensory pit between each eye and nostril.

copperhead: The North American copperhead Agkistrodon (also spelled Ancistrodon) contortrix is a venomous species found in swampy, rocky, and wooded regions of the eastern and central United States. Also called highland moccasin, it is a member of the viper family (Viperidae) and is placed in the subfamily…

moccasin: …the viper family (Viperidae): the water moccasin (Agkistrodon piscivorus) or the Mexican moccasin (A. bilineatus). Both are pit vipers (subfamily Crotalinae), so named because of the characteristic sensory pit between each eye and nostril.

Connaraceae: , to induce vomiting (Aglaea emetica leaves, in Madagascar), as a dysentery treatment (A. villosa leaves, in West Africa), and as an agent against gonorrhea (A. lamarckii leaves, in Madagascar). The bark of R. glabra, when used in tanning, produces a bright purple colour in animal skins.

Connaraceae: …an agent against gonorrhea (A. lamarckii leaves, in Madagascar). The bark of R. glabra, when used in tanning, produces a bright purple colour in animal skins.

Connaraceae: …as a dysentery treatment (A. villosa leaves, in West Africa), and as an agent against gonorrhea (A. lamarckii leaves, in Madagascar). The bark of R. glabra, when used in tanning, produces a bright purple colour in animal skins.

Grace: …but usually there were three: Aglaia (Brightness), Euphrosyne (Joyfulness), and Thalia (Bloom). They are said to be daughters of Zeus and Hera (or Eurynome, daughter of Oceanus) or of Helios and Aegle, a daughter of Zeus. Frequently, the Graces were taken as goddesses of charm or beauty in general and…

Sapindales: Distribution and abundance: …in the six largest genera: Aglaia (110 species) in Indo-Malaysia and tropical Australia; Trichilia (85 species), which occur commonly as understory trees in lowland forests from Mexico to the West Indies, tropical South America, and tropical Africa; Dysoxylum (80 species) from Indo-Malaysia to the islands of the Pacific; Turraea (60…

houseplant: Foliage plants: The Chinese evergreens, of the genus Aglaonema, are fleshy tropical Asian herbs of slow growth, with leathery leaves often bearing silvery or colourful patterns; they are durable and are tolerant of indoor conditions. Members of Scindapsus, popularly known as pothos, or ivy-arums, are tropical climbers from…

classical scholarship: The new German humanism: …who in his famous book Aglaophamus (1829) refuted the seductive but dubious theory of the Heidelberg professor G.F. Creuzer that the mythology of Homer and Hesiod contained symbolic elements of an ancient Oriental revelation from which it was ultimately derived. August Meineke (1790–1870) did important work on Hellenistic poetry and…

Sir John Suckling: …of which is the tragedy Aglaura, magnificently staged in 1637 and handsomely printed at the author’s expense (1638); the best is the lively comedy The Goblins (1638). They all contain echoes of Shakespeare and Beaumont and Fletcher.

Aglauros, in Greek mythology, eldest daughter of the Athenian king Cecrops. Aglauros died with her sisters by leaping in fear from the Acropolis after seeing the infant Erichthonius, a human with a serpent’s tail. The Roman poet Ovid (Metamorphoses Book II), however, related that Aglauros was

Aglauros, in Greek mythology, eldest daughter of the Athenian king Cecrops. Aglauros died with her sisters by leaping in fear from the Acropolis after seeing the infant Erichthonius, a human with a serpent’s tail. The Roman poet Ovid (Metamorphoses Book II), however, related that Aglauros was

Philippine Independent Church: …officials in the Philippines, and Gregorio Aglipay y Labayán, a Philippine Roman Catholic priest who was excommunicated in 1899 for his activities on behalf of the revolution. Aglipay accepted de los Reyes’ request that he serve as supreme bishop of the new church in 1903, a position he held until…

Philippine Independent Church, independent church organized in 1902 after the Philippine revolution of 1896–98 as a protest against the Spanish clergy’s control of the Roman Catholic Church. Cofounders of the church were Isabelo de los Reyes y Florentino, author, labour leader, and senator, who was

gastropod: Classification: Superfamily Aglossa Parasitic or predatory snails either with a reduced radula or with none, jaws often modified into a stylet-shaped structure; many occur on echinoderms; consists of several poorly known families. Superfamily Doliacea (Tonnacea) Generally tropical predators on echinoderms; often burrow in sand; includes helmet shells

speech disorder: Loss of tongue: …loss of the tongue (true aglossia) from injury or surgery is often amazingly well compensated. Patients can learn to use residual portions of a tongue stump as well as other oral structures to substitute for the missing tongue; indeed, some persons without a tongue have relearned to speak so well…

poison: Plant poisons (phytotoxins): …one or more other compounds—aglycones (nonsugars)—when hydrolyzed (chemically degraded by the introduction of water molecules between adjacent subunits), are extremely toxic to animals. Toxicity resides in the aglycone component or a part of it. Oxalates are salts of oxalic acid, which under natural conditions is not toxic but becomes…

rocket and missile system: Air-to-surface: …AGM-12 (for aerial guided munition) Bullpup, a rocket-powered weapon that employed visual tracking and radio-transmitted command guidance. The pilot controlled the missile by means of a small side-mounted joystick and guided it toward the target by observing a small flare in its tail. Though Bullpup was simple and accurate, the…

rocket and missile system: Air-to-surface: The rocket-powered AGM-45 Shrike antiradiation missile was used in Vietnam to attack enemy radar and surface-to-air sites by passively homing onto their radar emissions. The first missile of its kind used in combat, the Shrike had to be tuned to the desired radar frequency before flight. Because…

rocket and missile system: Air-to-surface: …tracked missile was the AGM-64/65 Maverick family of rocket-powered missiles. Early versions used television tracking, while later versions employed infrared, permitting the fixing of targets at longer ranges and at night. The self-contained guidance system incorporated computer logic that enabled the missile to lock onto an image of the target…

rocket and missile system: Air-to-surface: …optically tracked missile was the AGM-64/65 Maverick family of rocket-powered missiles. Early versions used television tracking, while later versions employed infrared, permitting the fixing of targets at longer ranges and at night. The self-contained guidance system incorporated computer logic that enabled the missile to lock onto an image of the…

rocket and missile system: Air-to-surface: Following the Shrike was the AGM-78 Standard ARM (antiradiation munition), a larger and more expensive weapon that incorporated memory circuits and could be tuned to any of several frequencies in flight. Also rocket-propelled, it had a range of about 35 miles (55 kilometres). Faster and more sophisticated still was the…

active galactic nucleus (AGN), small region at the centre of a galaxy that emits a prodigious amount of energy in the form of radio, optical, X-ray, or gamma radiation or high-speed particle jets. Many classes of “active galaxies” have been identified—for example, quasars, radio galaxies, and

Italy: French victories in Lombardy: …to defeat the Venetians at Agnadello (May 14, 1509). But dissension among the victorious allies, who were manipulated by skillful Venetian diplomacy, turned the alliance against France, because that kingdom now seemed to be the greatest power in Italy. A Holy League, organized in 1511 to curtail French power in…

Agnano, volcanic crater, Napoli provincia, Campania regione, southern Italy. It is situated in the Campi Flegrei volcanic region just west of Naples. The crater, about 4 miles (6 km) in circumference, was known to the Greeks and Romans for its hot springs and the six-story Thermae Anianae (“Thermal

Marrakech: …to the medina, the stone Bab Agnaou is particularly notable. The modern quarter, called Gueliz, to the west of the medina developed under the French protectorate.

road: The Roman roads: …the express service, and (2) agnarie, the freight service. In addition, there was an enormous amount of travel by private individuals. The two most widely used vehicles were the two-wheeled chariot drawn by two or four horses and its companion, the cart used in rural areas. A four-wheeled raeda in…

agnathan, (superclass Agnatha), any member of the group of primitive jawless fishes that includes the lampreys (order Petromyzoniformes), hagfishes (order Myxiniformes), and several extinct groups. Hagfishes are minor pests of commercial food fisheries of the North Atlantic, but lampreys, because

agnathan, (superclass Agnatha), any member of the group of primitive jawless fishes that includes the lampreys (order Petromyzoniformes), hagfishes (order Myxiniformes), and several extinct groups. Hagfishes are minor pests of commercial food fisheries of the North Atlantic, but lampreys, because

descent: …are of two main types—patrilineal (or agnatic) systems, in which the relationships reckoned through the father are emphasized, and matrilineal (or uxorial) systems, in which the relationships reckoned through the mother are emphasized.

Germanic law: Tribal Germanic institutions: …his property passed to his descendants in the nearest degree of proximity, with a preference for males. (The declaration in the Salic Law that daughters could not inherit land was used by 16th-century French lawyers as additional support for the long-standing practice of excluding women or their descendants from succeeding…

Amitabh Bachchan: …of a mafia don in Agneepath (1990; “Path of Fire”). He later headed Amitabh Bachchan Corporation Ltd., an entertainment venture that specialized in film production and event management. The business was plagued by financial difficulties, however, and Bachchan eventually returned to performing. His later movies included the crime drama Hum…

Juventus: The Agnelli family, owners of the Fiat automotive company, gained control of the club in 1923, and in 1925–26 Juventus won its second Italian league title. The 1930s were a golden period for “Juve,” as it won five Italian league championships in that decade and provided…

Giovanni Agnelli was the founder of the Fiat (Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino) automobile company and the leading Italian industrialist of the first half of the 20th century. Agnelli attended the military school at Modena, but he quit the army in 1892. In 1899 he was one of the prime movers in

Giovanni Agnelli was the chairman of the automobile manufacturing company Fiat SpA, Italy’s largest private business enterprise, from 1966 to 2003. Grandson of Fiat’s founder (also named Giovanni Agnelli), the younger Giovanni was brought up in affluence and groomed by his grandfather to run the

Umberto Agnelli was an Italian automotive executive and grandson of Giovanni Agnelli, the founder of Fiat SpA. He served as the company’s chairman from 2003 to 2004. After graduating from the University of Turin with a law degree in 1959, Agnelli joined the family’s automotive enterprise, Fiat. He

Philip II: Internal affairs of Philip II: …he took a Tirolese lady, Agnes, daughter of Bertold IV of Meran, as his wife in June 1196. Denmark, meanwhile, had complained to Rome about the repudiation of Ingeborg, and Pope Celestine III had countermanded it in 1195, but Celestine died (1198) before he could resort to coercion against Philip.…

Friedrich Hebbel: The prose tragedy Agnes Bernauer (1852) treats the conflict between the necessities of the state and the rights of the individual. Gyges und sein Ring (1854; Gyges and His Ring), probably his most mature and subtle work, shows Hebbel’s predilection for involved psychological problems. His other works include…

Anjelica Huston: …yet intrepid Irish mother in Agnes Browne (1999), which she also directed.

Agnes of Poitou was the second wife of the Holy Roman emperor Henry III. She was regent (1056–62) during the minority of her son, the future Henry IV. Agnes was a daughter of William V the Great, duke of Aquitaine, and was a descendant of the kings of Burgundy and Italy. She married Henry III on

Agnes of Poitou was the second wife of the Holy Roman emperor Henry III. She was regent (1056–62) during the minority of her son, the future Henry IV. Agnes was a daughter of William V the Great, duke of Aquitaine, and was a descendant of the kings of Burgundy and Italy. She married Henry III on

Agnes Grey, novel by Anne Brontë, published in 1847. The strongly autobiographical narrative concerns the travails of a rector’s daughter in her service as governess, first to the unruly Bloomfield children and then to the callous Murrays. Her sole consolations in an otherwise dreary and

Agnes of Poitou was the second wife of the Holy Roman emperor Henry III. She was regent (1056–62) during the minority of her son, the future Henry IV. Agnes was a daughter of William V the Great, duke of Aquitaine, and was a descendant of the kings of Burgundy and Italy. She married Henry III on

Anne Bancroft: …as a mother superior in Agnes of God (1985). Other notable film credits included The Slender Thread (1965), Young Winston (1972), The Elephant Man (1980), ’Night, Mother (1986), and 84 Charing Cross Road (1987), as well as three with her second husband, comedian-director-producer

Agnes of Poitou was the second wife of the Holy Roman emperor Henry III. She was regent (1056–62) during the minority of her son, the future Henry IV. Agnes was a daughter of William V the Great, duke of Aquitaine, and was a descendant of the kings of Burgundy and Italy. She married Henry III on

St. Agnes ; feast day January 21) was a virgin and patron saint of girls, who is one of the most-celebrated Roman martyrs. According to tradition, Agnes was a beautiful girl, about 12 or 13 years old, who refused marriage, stating that she could have no spouse but Jesus Christ. Her suitors revealed

Agnes Scott College, private institution of higher education for women in Decatur, Georgia, U.S.A. liberal arts college allied with the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), Agnes Scott College offers Bachelor of Arts degrees in some 30 disciplines; several interdisciplinary majors are offered as well,

Jeanne-Catherine-Agnès Arnauld was the abbess of the Jansenist centre of Port-Royal and author of the religious community’s Constitutions (1665). She was one of six sisters of the prominent Jansenist theologian Antoine Arnauld (the Great Arnauld). Like her older sister, the abbess Mère Angélique

St. Agnes ; feast day January 21) was a virgin and patron saint of girls, who is one of the most-celebrated Roman martyrs. According to tradition, Agnes was a beautiful girl, about 12 or 13 years old, who refused marriage, stating that she could have no spouse but Jesus Christ. Her suitors revealed

Maria Gaetana Agnesi was an Italian mathematician and philosopher, considered to be the first woman in the Western world to have achieved a reputation in mathematics. Agnesi was the eldest child of a wealthy silk merchant who provided her with the best tutors available. She was an extremely

Maria Gaetana Agnesi: …into English as the “Witch of Agnesi.” The French Academy of Sciences, in its review of the Instituzioni, stated that: “We regard it as the most complete and best made treatise.” Pope Benedict XIV was similarly impressed and appointed Agnesi professor of mathematics at the University of Bologna in…

strain theory: …most prominently by American criminologists Robert Agnew and Steven F. Messner and Richard Rosenfeld.

Spiro Agnew was the 39th vice president of the United States (1969–73) in the Republican administration of President Richard M. Nixon. He was the second person to resign the nation’s second highest office (John C. Calhoun was the first in 1832) and the first to resign under duress. Agnew was the

Spiro Agnew was the 39th vice president of the United States (1969–73) in the Republican administration of President Richard M. Nixon. He was the second person to resign the nation’s second highest office (John C. Calhoun was the first in 1832) and the first to resign under duress. Agnew was the

Spiro Agnew was the 39th vice president of the United States (1969–73) in the Republican administration of President Richard M. Nixon. He was the second person to resign the nation’s second highest office (John C. Calhoun was the first in 1832) and the first to resign under duress. Agnew was the

Anyi, African people who inhabit the tropical forest of eastern Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana and speak a language of the Kwa branch of the Niger-Congo language family. About the middle of the 18th century most of the Anyi were expelled from Ghana by the Asante and migrated westward. The Anyi, who live

Agni, fire-god of Hinduism, second only to Indra in the Vedic mythology of ancient India. He is equally the fire of the sun, of lightning, and of both the domestic and the sacrificial hearth. As the divine personification of the fire of sacrifice, he is the mouth of the gods, the carrier of the

Agni: …in many ceremonies, especially by Agnihotri Brahmans (who perform fire rites), and he is the guardian of the southeast.

Shiv Narayan Agnihotri was the Hindu founder of a quasi-religious reform movement called Dev Samaj (“Divine Society”). At the age of 16 Agnihotri entered the government-sponsored Thompson Engineering College in Roorkee, and in 1873 he took a position as a drawing master in the Government School of