Navajo: The Navajo speak an Apachean language which is classified in the Athabaskan language family. At some point in prehistory the Navajo and Apache migrated to the Southwest from Canada, where most other Athabaskan-speaking peoples still live; although the exact timing of the relocation is unknown, it is thought to…

Amazon River: The length of the Amazon: …was actually another stream, nearby Apacheta Creek. (The Carruhasanta and Apacheta streams form the Lloqueta River, an extension of the Apurímac.)

Hungarian literature: The 17th century: …of the 17th century was János Apáczai Csere. His chief work was a Hungarian encyclopaedia in which he endeavoured to sum up the knowledge of his time. The work, published at Utrecht in 1653, marked a development in technical vocabulary.

Apadāna, collection of legends about Buddhist saints, one of the latest books in the latest section (the Khuddaka Nikāya) of the Sutta Piṭaka (“Basket of Discourse”) of the Pāli canon. This work, which is entirely in verse, presents stories about 547 monks and 40 nuns. For each personage there are

Iranian art and architecture: Architecture: …called by the Persians an apadana. Other features are the Tomb of Cyrus, a gabled stone building on a stepped plinth, and a Zoroastrian fire temple (Zendan), a towerlike structure with a plan recalling that of the standard Urartian temple. Replicas of the Zendan were built later at Naqsh-e Rostam…

Transylvania: …and made the obedient Mihály Apafi its prince (1662). Shortly afterward the Turks were defeated before Vienna (1683). The Transylvanians, their land overrun by the troops of the Habsburg emperor, then recognized the suzerainty of the emperor Leopold I (1687); Transylvania was officially attached to Habsburg-controlled Hungary and subjected to…

Abaiang Atoll, coral atoll of the Gilbert Islands, part of Kiribati, in the west-central Pacific Ocean. Comprising six islets in the northern Gilberts, the atoll has a lagoon (16 miles by 5 miles [26 km by 8 km]) that provides sheltered anchorage. The islets of Abaiang are Teirio, Nuotaea,

African dance: Rhythm: The Yoruba Apala dance allows individuals to move on a free-flow floor pattern. Each dancer competes with his fellows in the interpretation of the rhythm and in his swift response to change. The leading drummer leaves the ensemble to join an outstanding dancer in a rhythmic exchange…

Apalachee, tribe of North American Indians who spoke a Muskogean language and inhabited the area in northwestern Florida between the Aucilla and Apalachicola rivers above Apalachee Bay. In the 16th century the Spanish explorers Pánfilo de Narváez (in 1528) and Hernando de Soto (in 1539) led

Apalachee Bay, arm of the Gulf of Mexico indenting the coast of northern Florida, U.S., 25 miles (40 km) south of Tallahassee. It receives the Ochlockonee, St. Marks, Econfina, and Aucilla rivers, and its marshy coast forms St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge. In 1528 five boats were built in the

Apalachicola, city, seat (1832) of Franklin county, northwestern Florida, U.S. It lies on Apalachicola Bay (bridged) at the mouth of the Apalachicola River, on the Intracoastal Waterway, about 80 miles (130 km) southwest of Tallahassee. Founded about 1820 as West Point (renamed Apalachicola in

Apalachicola: The Apalachicola National Estuarine Research Reserve, established in 1979, covers more than 385 square miles (1,000 square km) and encompasses both land and water areas of the bay and river. Inc. town, 1829; city, 1838. Pop. (2000) 2,334; (2010) 2,231.

Apalachicola: …at the mouth of the Apalachicola River, on the Intracoastal Waterway, about 80 miles (130 km) southwest of Tallahassee.

Xavier Zubiri was a Spanish Christian Existential philosopher who was known for his analysis of reality in terms of the interrelations of philosophy, science, and religion. Zubiri studied theology in Rome, philosophy in Madrid (under José Ortega y Gasset) and in Freiburg, Ger., and physics and

Zoroastrianism: God: …(non-Gāthic) an ahura; so is Apām Napāt, a fire or brightness in the waters, corresponding to the Vedic Apam Napat. As for Verethraghna (the entity or spirit of victory), it seems that since he took over the function of Indra, who was a daeva, he could not be called an…

Seleucus I Nicator: Early life and ascent to power: On this occasion Seleucus married Apama, the daughter of Spitamenes, the ruler of Bactria. Of all the Macedonian nobles, he was the only one who did not repudiate his wife after Alexander’s death.

Abemama Atoll, coral atoll of the northern Gilbert Islands, part of Kiribati, in the west-central Pacific Ocean. Capt. Charles Bishop, who reached the atoll in 1799, named it Roger Simpson Island for one of his associates. Seat of the area’s ruling family in the 19th century, the atoll was the site

Apamea Cibotus, city in Hellenistic Phrygia, partly covered by the modern town of Dinar, Tur. Founded by Antiochus I Soter in the 3rd century bc, it superseded the ancient Celaenae and placed it in a commanding position on the great east–west trade route of the Seleucid Empire. In the 2nd century

Apamea Cibotus, city in Hellenistic Phrygia, partly covered by the modern town of Dinar, Tur. Founded by Antiochus I Soter in the 3rd century bc, it superseded the ancient Celaenae and placed it in a commanding position on the great east–west trade route of the Seleucid Empire. In the 2nd century

Anatolia: Anatolia in the Hellenistic Age (334–c. 30 bce): …to accept the peace of Apamea (188), which made Rome the predominant power in the Hellenistic East. Rome reorganized the Anatolian states: Lycia and Caria were allotted to Rhodes, though when this period of Rhodian domination ended in 167, Lycia became a Roman protectorate; Antiochus III was forced to surrender…

Apamea Cibotus, city in Hellenistic Phrygia, partly covered by the modern town of Dinar, Tur. Founded by Antiochus I Soter in the 3rd century bc, it superseded the ancient Celaenae and placed it in a commanding position on the great east–west trade route of the Seleucid Empire. In the 2nd century

Lake Apanás, reservoir in northern Nicaragua. Formed by damming the Tuma River just north of Jinotega city, Lake Apanás has an area of 20 square miles (51 square km). It supplies the Asturias hydroelectric station, the largest in the country and the focus of a power grid serving much of the more

Lake Apanás, reservoir in northern Nicaragua. Formed by damming the Tuma River just north of Jinotega city, Lake Apanás has an area of 20 square miles (51 square km). It supplies the Asturias hydroelectric station, the largest in the country and the focus of a power grid serving much of the more

Lake Apanás, reservoir in northern Nicaragua. Formed by damming the Tuma River just north of Jinotega city, Lake Apanás has an area of 20 square miles (51 square km). It supplies the Asturias hydroelectric station, the largest in the country and the focus of a power grid serving much of the more

Lake Apanás, reservoir in northern Nicaragua. Formed by damming the Tuma River just north of Jinotega city, Lake Apanás has an area of 20 square miles (51 square km). It supplies the Asturias hydroelectric station, the largest in the country and the focus of a power grid serving much of the more

braconid: Apanteles congregatus parasitizes the tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta) and the tomato hornworm (Manduca quinquemaculata). Some braconids attack wood-boring pests such as beetles of the families Buprestidae and Cerambycidae. The braconid Chremilus rubiginosus attacks the granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius). In the Mediterranean region Opius concolor is…

braconid: Apanteles glomeratus, for example, parasitizes the larvae of the cabbage butterfly (Pieris rapae) and the cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni). Apanteles congregatus parasitizes the tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta) and the tomato hornworm (Manduca quinquemaculata). Some braconids attack wood-boring pests such as beetles of the families Buprestidae…

Lagos: …port of Lagos consists of Apapa Quay, on the mainland, which serves as the principal outlet for Nigeria’s exports. The creeks and lagoons are plied by small coastal craft. The city is the western terminus of the country’s road and railway networks, and the airport at Ikeja provides local and…

apapane, (Himatione sanguinea), Hawaiian songbird, common on larger islands, a nectar-feeding member of the Hawaiian honeycreeper family, Drepanididae (order Passeriformes). About 13 centimetres (5 inches) long, it is red, except for its dark wings and tail and its white vent. Its bill is fairly

Apapocuva, a Guarani-speaking South American Indian people living in small, scattered villages throughout the Mato Grosso, Paraná, and São Paulo states of southeastern Brazil. In the second half of the 20th century, the Apapocuva probably numbered fewer than 500 individuals. Traditionally, the

äppäräs, in Sami religion and folklore, the ghost of a dead child that haunts the place of its death because it did not receive proper burial rites. The äppäräs is only one of several of the anomalous dead figures in Finno-Ugric mythology that serve as warnings for the living to observe the norms

Satyajit Ray: The Apu Trilogy: …two films of the trilogy: Aparajito (1956; The Unvanquished) and Apur Sansar (1959; The World of Apu). Pather Panchali and its sequels tell the story of Apu, the poor son of a Brahman priest, as he grows from childhood to manhood in a setting that shifts from a small village…

Konkan, coastal plain of western India, lying between the Arabian Sea (west) and the Western Ghats (east). The plain stretches approximately 330 miles (530 km) from the Daman Ganga River north of Mumbai (Bombay) to the Terekhol River between Maharashtra and Goa states and Daman and Diu union

Vergílio Ferreira: …among others—the best known is Aparição, which explores the relationship of a teacher with his students in an almost essayistic manner; lengthy philosophical monologues and dialogues characterize this quasi-existentialist work, which widely influenced contemporary Portuguese fiction.

Luis Aparicio is a Venezuelan baseball player who was known for his outstanding fielding, speed on the base paths, and durability. Aparicio appeared in 2,581 games at shortstop, a record in American professional baseball that stood for more than three decades. The son of a baseball player in Latin

Mahatma Gandhi: The religious quest: One was aparigraha (“nonpossession”), which implies that people have to jettison the material goods that cramp the life of the spirit and to shake off the bonds of money and property. The other was samabhava (“equability”), which enjoins people to remain unruffled by pain or pleasure, victory…

Aparimitayus-sutra-shastra, in Buddhism, a short treatise (shastra) on the Aparimitayus-sutra, one of the major Pure Land sutras, by the Indian monk Vasubandhu (flourished 5th century ce). It expresses the author’s personal devotion to Amitabha, the celestial Buddha of Infinite Light, and his

Aparimitayus-sutra-shastra, in Buddhism, a short treatise (shastra) on the Aparimitayus-sutra, one of the major Pure Land sutras, by the Indian monk Vasubandhu (flourished 5th century ce). It expresses the author’s personal devotion to Amitabha, the celestial Buddha of Infinite Light, and his

Parni, one of three nomadic or seminomadic tribes in the confederacy of the Dahae living east of the Caspian Sea; its members founded the Parthian empire. After the death of Alexander the Great (323 bc) the Parni apparently moved southward into the region of Parthia and perhaps eastward into

Aparri, town, northeastern Luzon, Philippines. It lies along the Babuyan Channel of the Philippine Sea, near the mouth of the Cagayan River. Aparri is the interisland port for much of northeastern Luzon. Anti-Spanish insurgents landed there in 1898 under Colonel Daniel Tirona, and civil government

apartheid, policy that governed relations between South Africa’s white minority and nonwhite majority for much of the latter half of the 20th century, sanctioning racial segregation and political and economic discrimination against nonwhites. Although the legislation that formed the foundation of

apartment house, building containing more than one dwelling unit, most of which are designed for domestic use, but sometimes including shops and other nonresidential features. Apartment buildings have existed for centuries. In the great cities of the Roman Empire, because of urban congestion, the

apartment house, building containing more than one dwelling unit, most of which are designed for domestic use, but sometimes including shops and other nonresidential features. Apartment buildings have existed for centuries. In the great cities of the Roman Empire, because of urban congestion, the

George Seaton: Miracle on 34th Street and The Country Girl: Apartment for Peggy (1948) was a light romance, with Jeanne Crain and William Holden as campus newlyweds; Gwenn was notable as a suicidal professor whose depression lifts after he rents out his attic to the couple. Next was Chicken Every Sunday (1949), a lighthearted period…

apartment house, building containing more than one dwelling unit, most of which are designed for domestic use, but sometimes including shops and other nonresidential features. Apartment buildings have existed for centuries. In the great cities of the Roman Empire, because of urban congestion, the

Colin Firth: …films from this period included Apartment Zero (1988), Valmont (1989), and Circle of Friends (1995).

Danielle Steel: Her later novels included The Apartment (2016), Beauchamp Hall (2018), and Lost and Found (2019).

Billy Wilder: Films of the 1960s of Billy Wilder: …daring in its way was The Apartment (1960), in which Lemmon played a milquetoast business executive who, hoping for a promotion, lets his tyrannical boss (MacMurray, cast against type, again with splendid results) use his apartment to conduct an extramarital affair with neurotic elevator operator (Shirley MacLaine) and then comes…

Tree hollows are sought-after refuges for a succession of creatures, from termites to primates. Tree hollows make safe nests and dens where mothers can raise their young protected from predators and where roosting birds and various mammals can take shelter during the day. The creation of a tree

Laja River: It joins the Apaseo River, a tributary of the Lerma River, 3 miles (5 km) southeast of Celaya. A portion of the Mexico City–Piedras Negras railroad parallels the river’s lower course. The Laja is about 85 miles (135 km) long.

apathy, in Stoic philosophy, condition of being totally free from the pathē, which roughly are the emotions and passions, notably pain, fear, desire, and pleasure. Although remote origins of the doctrine can probably be found in the Cynics (second half of the 4th century bc), it was Zeno of Citium

apathy, in Stoic philosophy, condition of being totally free from the pathē, which roughly are the emotions and passions, notably pain, fear, desire, and pleasure. Although remote origins of the doctrine can probably be found in the Cynics (second half of the 4th century bc), it was Zeno of Citium

apatite, any member of a series of phosphate minerals, the world’s major source of phosphorus, found as variously coloured glassy crystals, masses, or nodules. If not for its softness (Mohs hardness 5, compared with the 7 to 9 of most gems), apatite would be a popular gemstone; much of the material

bird: Fossil birds: that included Ichthyornis and Apatornis. Although not related to gulls, these birds resembled them superficially and may well have been their ecological counterparts. It was long believed that Ichthyornis had teeth, like Hesperornis, but it is now thought that the toothed jaws formerly thought to belong to Ichthyornis were…

Apatosaurus, (genus Apatosaurus), genus of at least two species of giant herbivorous sauropod dinosaurs that lived between about 156 million and 151 million years ago, during the late Jurassic Period. Its fossil remains are found in North America and Europe. Although the genus has subsumed

brontosaurus: …Brontosaurus contains only one species, B. excelsus.

Judd Apatow is an American writer, director, and producer known for creating offbeat comedies featuring unconventional protagonists. Apatow was a self-described awkward, undersized child who was always picked last for school sports teams. He was deeply scarred as a youth by his parents’ divorce,

Apaturia, Greek religious festival that was held annually in nearly all the Ionian towns. At Athens it took place in the month of Pyanopsion (October–November) and lasted three days, on which occasion the various phratries (clans) of Attica met to discuss their affairs. The name probably means the

Apatzingán, city, west-central Michoacán estado (state), west-central Mexico. It lies along the Apatzingán (Acahuato) River, 176 miles (283 km) southwest of Morelia, the state capital. Its name commemorates the signing there in 1814 of the Constitution of Apatzingán by the congress called by the

Apatzingán, city, west-central Michoacán estado (state), west-central Mexico. It lies along the Apatzingán (Acahuato) River, 176 miles (283 km) southwest of Morelia, the state capital. Its name commemorates the signing there in 1814 of the Constitution of Apatzingán by the congress called by the

Apatzingán: …there in 1814 of the Constitution of Apatzingán by the congress called by the revolutionary leader José María Morelos to declare Mexican independence. The city links the sparsely inhabited southern and densely populated central portions of Michoacán. Although the climate is hot and semiarid, the agricultural and pastoral hinterland is…

Apausha, in ancient Iranian religion, a demonic star who in an important myth does battle with Tishtrya over

moksha, in Indian philosophy and religion, liberation from the cycle of death and rebirth (samsara). Derived from the Sanskrit word muc (“to free”), the term moksha literally means freedom from samsara. This concept of liberation or release is shared by a wide spectrum of religious traditions,

baseball: Fantasy baseball: …entrepreneur Dick Seitz, known as APBA (American Professional Baseball Association). A similar game called Strat-o-matic first appeared in the 1960s. Having purchased the APBA or Strat-o-matic board game, players annually ordered cards that listed the statistical data for the ballplayers from the prior season. A combination of data given on…

prostate cancer: Treatment: …based on the collection of antigen-presenting cells (APCs; a type of immune cell) from the patient’s blood using a procedure known as leukapheresis (the separation of leukocytes, or white blood cells, from other blood components). The APCs are then cultured in a laboratory, where they are grown in the presence…

Paraguay: Continued rule by the Colorado Party: …Lugo of the centre-left coalition Patriotic Alliance for Change (Alianza Patriótica para el Cambio; APC) defeated Blanca Ovelar of the Colorado Party, ending that party’s 62 years of continuous rule.

Sierra Leone: Constitutional framework: …one-party republic based on the All People’s Congress; the head of state, or executive president, was elected by delegates of the All People’s Congress, and there was a parliament. Mounting political pressures and violence resulted in the adoption of a new constitution in 1991 that established a multiparty system. However,…

tumour suppressor gene: …in the tumour suppressor gene APC.

All Progressives Congress (APC), Nigerian political party formed in 2013 via a merger of prominent opposition parties. It has been the country’s ruling party since 2015. The All Progressives Congress (APC) was formed in a political environment in Nigeria that had been dominated, since the county’s

mobile telephone: Airborne cellular systems: …known by the generic name aeronautical public correspondence (APC) systems, are of two types: terrestrial-based, in which telephone calls are placed directly from an aircraft to an en route ground station; and satellite-based, in which telephone calls are relayed via satellite to a ground station. In the United States the…

telecommunications media: Optoelectronic receivers: …positive-intrinsic-negative (PIN) photodiode and the avalanche photodiode (APD). These optical receivers extract the baseband signal from a modulated optical carrier signal by converting incident optical power into electric current. The PIN photodiode has low gain but very fast response; the APD has high gain but slower response.

artillery: Antitank guns: In 1944 Britain perfected “discarding-sabot” projectiles, in which a tungsten core was supported in a conventional gun by a light metal sabot that split and fell free after leaving the muzzle, allowing the core to fly on at extremely high velocity.

Carlo Pellegrini was a caricaturist notable for his portraits of prominent Englishmen appearing in Vanity Fair. As a young man, he was a part of Neapolitan society, whose members he caricatured in a good-natured way. Following an unhappy love affair and the death of a sister, he went to England in

ape, (superfamily Hominoidea), any tailless primate of the families Hylobatidae (gibbons) and Hominidae (chimpanzees, bonobos, orangutans, gorillas, and human beings). Apes are found in the tropical forests of western and central Africa and Southeast Asia. Apes are distinguished from monkeys by the

novel: Fantasy and prophecy: …earlier novel and of his Ape and Essence (1948) remain more convincing. Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-four (1949) showed a world in which a tyrannic unity is imposed by a collective solipsism, and contradictions are liquidated through the constant revision of history that the controlling party decrees. Anthony Burgess’ Clockwork Orange

cave: Other types of lava caves: 4 kilometres) is Ape Cave on the flank of Mount St. Helens in Washington. The cave is located on the side of the volcano opposite that involved in the catastrophic eruption of 1980 and so survived the outburst. Ape Cave is only one fragment of a series of…

James Franco: Other work: …his first of numerous films, The Ape and Fool’s Gold. He also cowrote and appeared in both movies, as he would for many of his directorial efforts. He later helmed the Hart Crane biopic The Broken Tower (2011) and adaptations (2013, 2014) of William Faulkner’s novels As I Lay Dying…

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), organization that seeks to promote free trade and economic cooperation throughout the Asia-Pacific region. Established in 1989 in response to the growing interdependence of Asia-Pacific economies and the advent of regional economic blocs (such as the

Anaximander: …that everything originated from the apeiron (the “infinite,” “unlimited,” or “indefinite”), rather than from a particular element, such as water (as Thales had held). Anaximander postulated eternal motion, along with the apeiron, as the originating cause of the world. This (probably rotary) motion caused opposites, such as hot and cold,…

Apeldoorn, gemeente (municipality), east-central Netherlands. It lies east of the sandy and wooded Veluwe Hills, on the edge of the Soeren (Suren) Forest. Noted traditionally for its many gardens, paper mills, and laundries, Apeldoorn is a residential and industrial town that manufactures

apella, ancient Spartan assembly, corresponding to the ekklēsia of other Greek states. Its monthly meetings, probably restricted to full citizens over 30, were presided over at first by the kings, later by ephors (magistrates). Not empowered to initiate proposals, the body considered subjects

Apelles was an early Hellenistic Greek painter whose work was held in such high esteem by ancient writers on art that he continues to be regarded, even though none of his work survives, as the greatest painter of antiquity. Almost as little is known of Apelles’ life as of his art. He was of Ionian

Apellicon Of Teos was a wealthy Greek book collector, who became an Athenian citizen. He had bought from the descendants of Neleus of Scepsis in the Troad the libraries of Aristotle and Theophrastus, which were in a damaged condition but might have contained the only copies of the Aristotelian

Vasily Aksyonov: …Ticket to the Stars), and Apelsiny iz Morokko (1963; “Oranges from Morocco”) are fast-moving narratives dealing with youthful rebels and misfits in Soviet society. In these books Aksyonov excels in reproducing the racy slang and jargon of characters who are attracted to Western culture even though they share the collectivist…

Apennine Range: Geology: The Apennine orogeny developed through several tectonic phases, mostly during the Cenozoic Era (i.e., since about 65 million years ago), and came to a climax in the Miocene and Pliocene epochs (about 23 to 2.6 million years ago). The Apennines consist of a thrust-belt structure with…

Apennine Range, series of mountain ranges bordered by narrow coastlands that form the physical backbone of peninsular Italy. From Cadibona Pass in the northwest, close to the Maritime Alps, they form a great arc, which extends as far as the Egadi Islands to the west of Sicily. Their total length is

Europe: Elevations: …feet [2,912 metres]) in the Abruzzi Apennines, Bobotov Kuk (8,274 feet [2,522 metres]) in the Dinaric Alps, Mount Botev (7,795 feet [2,376 metres]) in the Balkan Mountains, Gerlachovský Peak (Gerlach; 8,711 feet [2,655 metres]) in the Western Carpathians, and Mount

Åbenrå, city, southeastern Jutland, Denmark, at the head of Åbenrå Fjord. First mentioned in the 12th century when attacked by the Wends, it was granted a charter (1335) and grew from a fishing village into a thriving port in the 17th and 18th centuries. Medieval landmarks include the St. Nicholas

Apopis, ancient Egyptian demon of chaos, who had the form of a serpent and, as the foe of the sun god, Re, represented all that was outside the ordered cosmos. Although many serpents symbolized divinity and royalty, Apopis threatened the underworld and symbolized evil. Each night Apopis encountered

Apopis, ancient Egyptian demon of chaos, who had the form of a serpent and, as the foe of the sun god, Re, represented all that was outside the ordered cosmos. Although many serpents symbolized divinity and royalty, Apopis threatened the underworld and symbolized evil. Each night Apopis encountered

Diocletian: Rise to power: …adoptive father, the praetorian prefect Aper, was accused of having killed him in order to seize power. When Diocletian, acclaimed as emperor by his soldiers, appeared for the first time in public dressed in the imperial purple, he declared himself innocent of Numerian’s murder. He designated Aper as the criminal…

aperitif and digestif, alcoholic beverages served before and after a meal, respectively, first to stimulate the appetite and then to enhance digestion. Aperitifs and digestifs are transparently named: both come to English via French, the former derived from the Latin verb aperire, “to open,” and

acrocephalosyndactyly, congenital malformation of the skeleton affecting the skull and limbs. The disorder most often is hereditary, but it may appear spontaneously. The head appears pointed (acrocephaly) because of premature closing of the cranial sutures between the individual bones that make up

aperture, in optics, the maximum diameter of a light beam that can pass through an optical system. The size of an aperture is limited by the size of the mount holding the optical component, or the size of the diaphragm placed in the bundle of light rays. The hole in the mount or diaphragm that

gastropod: The shell: …the last whorl is the aperture, or opening. The shell is secreted along the outer lip of the aperture by the fleshy part of the animal called the mantle, first by outward additions to the shell lip and then by secretion of inner thickening layers. The outer layer, or periostracum,…

television: Shadow masks and aperture grilles: …different type of mask, the aperture grille, was introduced in the Sony Corporation’s Trinitron tube. In Trinitron-type tubes the shadow-mask is replaced by a metal grille having short vertical slots extending from the top to the bottom of the screen (see the figure). The three electron beams pass through the…

aperture: …the aperture is called an aperture stop. Thus, an aperture stop determines the amount of light that traverses an optical system and hence determines the image illumination.

radio telescope: Radio interferometry and aperture synthesis: The angular resolution, or ability of a radio telescope to distinguish fine detail in the sky, depends on the wavelength of observations divided by the size of the instrument. Yet even the largest antennas, when used at their shortest operating wavelength, have an…

Wyndham Lewis: …London with a satirical novel, The Apes of God, in which he scourged wealthy dilettantes.

Taurt: Another goddess, called Opet (or Apet), was depicted in the same form.