relative vorticity

prediction of upper-air circulation

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  In climate: Propagation and development of waves

  … (5) where ζ is the relative vorticity with respect to Earth’s surface. The variables x and y are the coordinate axes for space and correspond to the measurements to the east and north, respectively. The variables u and v are zonal and meridional components (the components of motion in the…

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  In climate: Propagation and development of waves

  …the effects of advection of relative vorticity.

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  In climate: Relationships to surface features

  …where air converges and anticyclonic relative vorticity where air diverges. According to the geostrophic wind relation, cyclonic gyres are associated with low-pressure centres, whereas anticyclonic gyres are connected with areas of high pressure. Thus, low-pressure areas form at the surface downstream from upper-level troughs and upstream from upper-level ridges, whereas…

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