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pollination
Table of Contents
References & Edit History Related Topics
Images & Videos
Bumblebee on honeysuckle Cross-pollination Self-pollination
Uncover how flowers attract their pollinators
Which bee species really need saving?
The fascinating life cycle of the titan arum plant
Voracious soldier beetle Bumblebee on teasel Viola Insect pollination
For Students
Prolific pollinators
pollination summary
Read Next
Roses flowers plant colorful rose
Do Plants Have Sexes?
Rusty patched bumble bee (Bombus affinis) photographed in the Midwest in 2017. endangered species insect pollination
What Would Happen If All the Bees Died?
Shooting star (Dodecatheon pauciflorum).
Botanical Sex: 9 Alluring Adaptations
Plant seedlings emerging from rich fertile soil
Do Plants Feel Pain?
Macro image of pollen-covered bee on purple crocus. (flowers, stamen, pollination, insects, nature)
5 Fast Facts About Flower Anatomy
Discover
Ruminant. Deer. Red deer. Cervus elaphus. Buck. Stag. Antlers.
9 of the World’s Deadliest Mammals
Ahura Mazda - relief of the Zoroastrian god Ahura Mazda at the ancient ruins of Persepolis in Iran. Also known as Ormazd Zoroastrianism,
Which Religion Is the Oldest?
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), Italian Renaissance painter from Florence. Engraving by Cosomo Colombini (d. 1812) after a Leonardo self portrait. Ca. 1500.
10 Famous Artworks by Leonardo da Vinci
Christmas tree, holiday, pine
How Did the Tradition of Christmas Trees Start?
Nativity Scene, Adoration of the Magi, Church of the Birth of the Virgin Mary, Montenegro
Why Is Christmas in December?
Globe South America, map
What’s the Difference Between Hispanic and Latino?
Jackson (Wyoming, United States). Jackson Lake (also called Jackson Hole), southern end of the Teton Range (the Grand Tetons), Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, USA
7 Wonders of America

pollination: Media

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Videos

Uncover how flowers attract their pollinators
How flowers attract pollinators.
Video: © MinuteEarth (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
Which bee species really need saving?
Learn about which of 20,000 species of bees are at risk of extinction.
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
The fascinating life cycle of the titan arum plant
Learn about the titan arum (Amorphophallus titanum), also known as a corpse...
Video: © American Chemical Society (A Britannica Publishing Partner)
The enticing trap of the wild arum plant
Watch an arum plant trap a fly and cover it with pollen.
Video: Contunico © ZDF Studios GmbH, Mainz
Roles of bees and flowers in European woodlands
Learn about ecological relationships between bees and various woodland flowers. Plant-pollinator...
Video: Contunico © ZDF Studios GmbH, Mainz
Learn how the foxglove flower has coevolved with the bumblebee to increase pollination efficacy
Insects and flowers have coevolved over millions of years, each deriving benefits...
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Track the life cycle of a dandelion flower to analyze its pollination and seed dispersal methods
Dandelions (Taraxacum) are capable of both self-pollination and cross-pollination....
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Learn how flowers use secreted nectar, scent, and appearance to attract cross-pollinating bees
Flowers attract pollinators such as bees.
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Brush up on anthers, stigmas, florets, and insects with a self- and cross-pollination guide
Some of the different ways plants are pollinated.
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
How does pollination work?
Learn more about how plants reproduce through pollination.
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Discover how a horticulturist promotes strong flower growth by removing weak buds and via cross-pollination
Horticulturalist pollinating rubber plants
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Study the roles of anthers, stigma, pollen tubes, and ovules in plant embryo fertilization
Pollen transports sperm cells to flowers' egg cells
Video: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

Images

Bumblebee on honeysuckle
Common carder bumblebee (Bombus pascuorum) pollinating a honeysuckle (Lonicera...
© Welpetz/stock.adobe.com
Cross-pollination
The process of cross-pollination using an animal pollinator.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Self-pollination
The process of self-pollination in an angiosperm.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Voracious soldier beetle
Soldier beetle (Chauliognathus lugubris) eating pollen.
Peter Firus, Flagstaffotos
Bumblebee on teasel
A large bumblebee (Bombus species) pollinating a teasel flower head (Dipsacus...
AdstockRF
Viola
Prominent nectar guides on the lower spurred petal of the viola (Viola).
(Top) © G.A. Maclean—Oxford Scientific Films (Bottom) E.S. Ross
Insect pollination
Orange-tailed butterfly (Eurema proterpia) on an ash-colored aster (Machaeranthera...
E.S. Ross
Monarch butterfly on Buddleja
A monarch butterfly visiting the flowers of a butterfly bush (Buddleja davidii).
© R. Gino Santa Maria/stock.adobe.com
Biotic interaction
Hummingbird hawkmoth (Macroglossum stellatarum) drinking from a pink (Dianthus),...
Yummifruitbat
Wind pollination
Windblown pollen from the male cone of a lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta).
© Photoshot - NHPA/SuperStock
Bird pollination
Fork-tailed sunbird (Aethopyga christinae).
Charles Lam
Hummingbird in action
Calliope hummingbird (Selasphorus calliope) at a cigar flower (Cuphea...
AdstockRF
Bat pollination
Mexican long-tongued bat (Choeronycteris mexicana) pollinating Agave...
© Rolf Nussbaumer/Getty Images
bramble flower
Bee pollinating a bramble (Rubus species) flower.
AdstockRF
Hawkmoth pollination: hawkmoth (Sphingidae) hovering near a honeysuckle (Lonicera...
Ingmar Holmasen
Prolific pollinators
A western honeybee (Apis mellifera) pollinating a blue iris (Iris)....
© G.A. Maclean/Oxford Scientific Films
angiosperm life cycle
Figure 16: Typical angiosperm life cycle (see text).
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Mendel's law of independent assortment
The example here shows a cross of peas having yellow and smooth seeds with peas having...
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
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