chemical bonding: Media
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Understanding John Dalton's atomic theory of matter
John Dalton and the development of the atomic theory.
Investigate the magnetlike ionic bond formed when electrons transfer from one atom to another
Ions—atoms with a positive or negative net charge—bind together to form ionic compounds.
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molecular structure
A ball-and-stick model of molecular structure, showing atoms bonded together.
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periodic table
In the periodic table of the elements, there are currently two systems for numbering...
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Rutherford atomic model
Physicist Ernest Rutherford envisioned the atom as a miniature solar system, with...
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Bohr atomic model of a nitrogen atom
Bohr atomic model of a nitrogen atom. The central nucleus contains the protons and...
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atomic orbital
Figure 2: The spherical boundary surface of an s orbital. This sphere shows...
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atomic orbital
Figure 3: The boundary surfaces of the three p orbitals of a given shell....
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atomic orbital
Figure 4: The boundary surfaces of the five d orbitals of a given shell,...
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Born-Haber cycle
Figure 5: The Born-Haber cycle for the formation of solid sodium chloride from solid...
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nickel arsenide
Figure 6: The crystal structure of nickel arsenide. This type of structure departs...
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diamond
Figure 7: The crystal structure of diamond. Each carbon atom is bonded covalently...
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methane
Figure 8: The structure of methane, CH4. This regular tetrahedral structure...
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electron pairs and molecular shape
VSEPR electron pair arrangements and associated molecular shapes.
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chemical bond
Figure 9: Double bonds. The geometric arrangement of atoms linked by two shared pairs...
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molecular potential energy
Figure 10: A molecular potential energy curve. The strength of the bond is indicated...
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benzene
Figure 12: The valence-bond description of a benzene molecule. The sp2...
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molecular orbital energy
Figure 13: A molecular orbital energy-level diagram showing the relative energies...
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molecular orbital energy
Figure 14: The molecular orbital energy-level diagram for diatomic molecules of period-2...
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benzene
Figure 15: The six π molecular orbitals of a benzene molecule and their relative...
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intermolecular potential energy
Figure 16: An intermolecular potential energy curve. The graph shows how the potential...
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hydrogen bond
Figure 17: The linking of atoms in two peptide links by the hydrogen bonds they can...
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crystal field splitting
Figure 18: Crystal field splitting. In an octahedral complex, the d orbitals...
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diborane
Figure 19: The structure of the three-centre, two-electron bond in a B―H―B fragment...
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polar covalent bond
In polar covalent bonds, such as that between hydrogen and oxygen atoms, the electrons...
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