History of Scientists, Inventors, and Inventions Quiz

Question: Which architect from Heliopolis is credited with the invention of Greek fire, a highly incendiary liquid that was projected from “siphons” toward enemy ships or troops?

Answer: Callinicus of Heliopolis is credited with the invention of Greek fire, a highly incendiary liquid that was projected from “siphons” toward enemy ships or troops and was almost impossible to extinguish. First used in the Battle of Cyzicus (c. 673 CE) by the Byzantines against a Saracen fleet off Constantinople, Greek fire proved to be instrumental in that Byzantine victory.

Question: Who is known for his formulation of a hydrostatic principle and for a device for raising water, created circa 250 BCE?

Answer: Archimedes is known for his formulation of a hydrostatic principle (known as Archimedes’ principle) and for a device for raising water, created circa 250 BCE.

Question: In 1780 which German Swedish chemist became the first to isolate lactic acid?

Answer: In 1780 German Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele first isolated lactic acid, which is formed when milk turns sour.

Question: About the end of the 16th century, which Dutch optician and his son invented the first compound microscope?

Answer: About the end of the 16th century, Dutch optician Hans Jansen and his son Zacharias invented the compound microscope.

Question: In 1910 which French engineer and chemist found that passing electrical current through inert gases produced light and proceeded to develop the neon lamp?

Answer: In 1910 French engineer and chemist Georges Claude found that passing electrical current through inert gases produced light and proceeded to develop the neon lamp for use in lighting and signs.

Question: Which American statesman and inventor installed a rod on his home to test his theory that the tall metallic rod would attract lightning?

Answer: American statesman and inventor Benjamin Franklin first installed a rod on his home to test his theory that the tall metallic rod would attract lightning.

Question: Which newly developed weapon was outlawed for use against Christians by the Lateran Council of 1139 under Pope Innocent II?

Answer: The crossbow was outlawed (at least for use against Christians) by the Lateran Council of 1139 under Pope Innocent II.

Question: Whose research on organometallic compounds made the industrial production of high-quality polyethylene possible?

Answer: German chemist Karl Ziegler’s research on organometallic compounds made the industrial production of high-quality polyethylene possible.

Question: Which English chemist and meteorologist published the first table of atomic weights and invented a new system of chemical symbols?

Answer: English chemist and meteorologist John Dalton published the first table of atomic weights and invented a new system of chemical symbols.

Question: Which English Franciscan philosopher and educational reformer was the first European to describe in detail the process of making gunpowder?

Answer: Roger Bacon, an English Franciscan philosopher and educational reformer, was the first European to describe in detail the process of making gunpowder.

Question: In 1891 who patented the first solar hot water system that was sold commercially?

Answer: In 1891 Clarence Kemp patented the first solar hot water system that was sold commercially. This inventor called the system the “Climax.”

Question: Which German chemist’s discovery of beet sugar in 1747 led to the development of the modern sugar industry?

Answer: German chemist Andreas Sigismund Marggraf’s discovery of beet sugar in 1747 led to the development of the modern sugar industry.

Question: In 1784, at the age of 29, who created a production line in which all movement throughout a grain mill was automatic?

Answer: In 1784, at the age of 29, Oliver Evans attacked the age-old process of grinding grain. He built a factory outside Philadelphia and, adapting five machines, including conveyors, elevators, and weighing scales, created a production line in which all movement throughout the mill was automatic.