Nesebŭr, historic town and resort, eastern Bulgaria, on the Black Sea coast. Nesebŭr is situated on an island connected to the mainland by a narrow strip of land. The Greek colony of Mesembria was founded on the site late in the 6th century bc and thrived on the trade between Greece and Thrace. It was relatively unimportant during the Roman occupation but regained its former prosperity during Byzantine times. Nesebŭr’s gradual decline under the Turks was accelerated by the development of the nearby port of Burgas after 1878.
Narrow, cobbled streets, stone and wooden houses, and trim courtyards sheltering fig trees and arbors are characteristic of Nesebŭr. The town also contains more than 40 churches, many of which are now in ruins. The oldest, the now-roofless Old Metropolitan Church, dates from the 6th century; the most recent is the late 12th-century New Metropolitan Church. Beach facilities for tourists have been developed on the mainland. Pop. (2001) 19,113.