Mattoon, city, Coles county, east-central Illinois, U.S. Mattoon lies near the Little Wabash River (impounded to form Lake Mattoon), about 45 miles (70 km) south of Champaign. Originally called Pegtown (for the stakes that marked lots for public auction), it was founded in 1854 at the junction of the Illinois Central and the Terre Haute and Alton railroads. The following year it was renamed for William B. Mattoon, a railroad official. A historical marker commemorates the mustering into service of Mattoon’s unruly 21st Illinois Infantry (June 1861) by Ulysses S. Grant, then in the military service of the state. The city became a rail and agricultural centre, and manufacturing developed following World War I. Oil was discovered locally in 1940. Mattoon’s economy centres on agricultural crops (corn [maize], soybeans, and wheat) and livestock (hogs and cattle); printing, food processing, and manufacturing (including lighting, road construction equipment, paper products, and pet food) are also important. The city is the seat of Lake Land (community) College (1966). Bagelfest, billed as the world’s largest free bagel breakfast, draws thousands of visitors to the city each July. Shiloh Cemetery, where Abraham Lincoln’s father and stepmother are buried, and the Lincoln Log Cabin State Historic Site are a few miles southeast. To the west, Lake Shelbyville and surrounding state parks provide recreational opportunities. Inc. village, 1857; city, 1861. Pop. (2000) 18,291; (2010) 18,555.