Hugh MacLennan (born March 20, 1907, Glace Bay, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada—died November 7, 1990, Montreal, Quebec) was a Canadian novelist and essayist whose books offer an incisive social and psychological critique of modern Canadian life.
A Rhodes scholar at Oxford, MacLennan received a Ph.D. from Princeton (1935) and taught Latin and history at Lower Canada College, Montreal (1935–45). He was professor of English at McGill University (1951–63). MacLennan’s first novel, Barometer Rising (1941), is a moral fable that uses as a background the actual explosion of a munitions ship that partly destroyed the city of Halifax in 1917. His later novels include Two Solitudes (1945), which explores Anglo-French relations in Canada; The Precipice (1948), a study of differences between Canadian and U.S. citizens; and The Watch That Ends the Night (1959), an existentialist study of a man faced with a moral and psychological crisis. Return of the Sphinx (1967) is a political novel about French-Canadian nationalism. His seventh novel, Voices in Time (1980), is the story of a man’s attempt to reconstruct the history of a Canada destroyed by nuclear holocaust.