Discoglossidae, family of frogs (order Anura) containing the midwife toad (Alytes, four species) and the painted frog (Discoglossus, six species). Both genera are confined to the Old World, occurring in western Europe and northern Africa.
Discoglossid frogs have been discovered from Jurassic deposits in Europe and represent some of the oldest frog fossils known. Modern discoglossids combine primitiveness and specialization in their anatomy and behaviour. Midwife toads are noted for the peculiar reproductive behaviour of the male caring for the eggs. In contrast, painted frogs lay 500 to 1,000 eggs in water, and their development is rapid, with tadpoles metamorphosing in three to eight weeks.