Cortazar, city, south-central Guanajuato estado (state), north-central Mexico. It is situated in the Bajío region, at an elevation of 5,643 feet (1,720 metres) above sea level on the Laja River. From its founding in 1721 until it was given its present name in 1857, Cortazar was known as San José de los Amoles. It is a commercial and manufacturing centre for the surrounding farmlands. Crops of beans, wheat, chickpeas, and peaches thrive in the cool, dry climate. The main railroad and highway linking Mexico City and Ciudad Juárez pass within 2.5 miles (4 km) of the city. Pop. (2000) 53,886; (2010) 61,658.