eyvān

use in

• Ghaznavid architecture
  • 
    In Ghaznavid dynasty

    The Ghaznavids introduced the “four eyvān” ground plan in the palace at Lashkarī Bāzār near Lashkarī Gāh, on a plateau above the Helmond River, just north of Qalʾeh-ye Best, Afghanistan. An eyvān is a large vaulted hall, closed on three sides and open to a court on the fourth. The…

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• Islamic architecture
  • 
    In Islam: Architecture

    …and the four sides called eyvāns. With the advent of the Seljuqs in the 11th century, faience decoration (glazed earthenware) of an exquisite beauty was introduced, and it gained further prominence under the Timurids (14th–16th centuries).

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    In Islamic arts: Architecture in Iran

    …large vaulted halls known as eyvāns; the eyvāns created the compositional axes of each side of the court. On the side of the qiblah (which indicates the direction of the sacred shrine of the Kaʿbah, faced by the faithful during prayers), the hall of the main eyvān was followed by…

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    In Islamic arts: Architecture

    Madrasahs used eyvāns, and the justly celebrated madrasah of Sultan Ḥasan in Cairo (1356–62) is one of the few perfect four-eyvān madrasahs in the Islamic world. Mausoleums were squares or polygons covered with domes. In other words, there were only minor modifications in the typology of architecture,…

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• Parthian architecture
  • 
    In history of Mesopotamia: The Parthian period

    In architecture the use of ayvans (arches in porticoes) and domed vaults is attributed to the Parthian period; they may have originated in Mesopotamia. Parthian art influenced that of the Nabataeans in Roman territory, as it did others throughout the Middle East.

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    In Iranian art and architecture: Parthian period

    …characteristic of Islamic architecture: the iwan, or three-sided hall, the fourth side of which is replaced by an open archway. At Hatra and in a Parthian palace at Ashur, the iwans multiplied in number, and the adjoining facades are decorated with engaged columns, singly or in tiers, corresponding approximately to…

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